{"name":"Blackwing conflict registry","description":"Every armed conflict Blackwing tracks, with fatality figures published as ranges and every competing published figure named. Figures are documented floors, not totals.","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","archive":{"title":"Blackwing Conflict Registry: sourced death tolls, parties and dated developments for 16 armed conflicts (snapshot of 4 October 2026)","doi":"10.7910/DVN/10DGME","url":"https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/10DGME","repository":"Harvard Dataverse","snapshot":"2026-10-04","version":"V1","citation":"Blackwing (2026). Blackwing Conflict Registry: sourced death tolls, parties and dated developments for 16 armed conflicts (snapshot of 4 October 2026). Harvard Dataverse, V1. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/10DGME"},"casualtyBackbone":{"source":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","asOf":"2026-09-30","citation":"Davies, Pettersson & Oberg (2026) Organized violence 1989-2025, and violent political protests, Journal of Peace Research. UCDP GED v26.1 plus GED Candidate v26.01.26.09, CC BY 4.0.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"classificationAuthority":{"source":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","note":"Legal classifications are theirs, fetched live; see /api/classifications."},"caveat":"Fatality figures count DIRECT deaths from organised violence in incidents that reached a sourceable report. They exclude indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, which in several of these conflicts are believed to exceed the direct toll. Treat every figure as a floor.","count":16,"conflicts":[{"id":"russia-ukraine","warWatchSlugs":["international-armed-conflict-between-the-russian-federation-and-ukraine"],"name":"Russia-Ukraine war","shortName":"Ukraine","nameNote":"Russia officially designates its invasion a 'special military operation'. Ukraine, the UN General Assembly and most states describe it as an armed conflict and an invasion. Blackwing uses the neutral descriptive name.","region":"Europe","status":"active","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"An international armed conflict between two states, running alongside a military occupation of the Ukrainian territory Russia holds. Occupation is a distinct legal category with its own obligations, which is why it is named separately rather than folded into the fighting.","startDate":"2022-02-24","bbox":[22,44,41,53],"center":[34.35,48.74],"summary":"Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February 2022, escalating a conflict that began in 2014 with the annexation of Crimea and fighting in the Donbas. It is by a wide margin the deadliest armed conflict in the world by directly recorded deaths, and the fighting has settled into attritional warfare along a long front line combined with sustained long-range strikes on cities and energy infrastructure. Talks brokered by the United States in 2026 have produced a three-day truce in May but no settlement. The war has also produced Europe's largest refugee movement since the Second World War.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"Russia launched 433 drones overnight, and the Air Force said 371 were downed. Strikes on energy infrastructure in at least four regions injured three DTEK workers. President Volodymyr Zelensky said on 1 November that hundreds of thousands of families remained without electricity.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-1-injure-47-over-past-day-leaving-hundreds-of-thousands-without-electricity/"}},{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"A Russian drone strike on the grounds of a vocational school dormitory in Vinnytsia Oblast killed two people, including a 13-year-old girl, on 1 November, the State Emergency Service reported. Six people were injured, including three 5-year-olds. The dormitory housed displaced people, Governor Natalia Zabolotna said.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-drone-strike-near-school-dormitory-kills-13-year-old-in-vinnytsia-oblast-injures-more-children/"},"places":[{"name":"Vinnytsia Oblast","lon":28.5,"lat":48.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"The humanitarian ceasefire around Oleshky, Kherson Oblast, lasted from 3 a.m. on 27 October until 11 p.m. on 1 November, the Kyiv Independent reported, and neither Ukraine nor Russia reported violations. Melania Trump said nearly 800 people were evacuated; neither side has disclosed its own figure.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/nearly-800-people-evacuated-from-oleshky-melania-trump-says-as-kyiv-moscow-withhold-figures/"}},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"A Russian airstrike destroyed the Kramatorsk City Council's executive committee building in Donetsk Oblast on 31 October, local authorities reported. Oleksandr Honcharenko, head of the city's military administration, said Russia destroyed it with an airstrike. Information about casualties was not immediately available.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-airstrike-destroys-kramatorsk-city-council-building-that-survived-2014-occupation/"},"places":[{"name":"Kramatorsk","lon":37.58,"lat":48.74}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Evacuees from Oleshky reached Ukrainian-controlled territory on 31 October after a 19-hour journey, arriving at a border crossing with Belarus in Chernihiv Oblast, the Kyiv Independent reported. President Volodymyr Zelensky said the mission was successful.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/oleshky-residents-reach-ukrainian-controlled-territory-after-escaping-russian-occupation/"},"places":[{"name":"Oleshky","lon":32.72,"lat":46.63}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A Ukrainian delegation reached Oleshky, Kherson Oblast, on 30 October and began an evacuation and distribution of humanitarian aid, Davyd Arakhamiia of the Servant of the People faction said. Human Rights Commissioner Dmytro Lubinets said the ceasefire had held for 80 hours. Prime Minister Serhii Koretskyi said 527 people would return to Ukraine.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/30/8060417/"},"places":[{"name":"Oleshky","lon":32.72,"lat":46.63}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A fire reportedly broke out at the Novokuybyshevsk Oil Refinery in Samara Oblast overnight on 30 October after a suspected Ukrainian drone attack, the monitoring channel Exilenova+ said. Samara governor Vyacheslav Fedorishchev said Russia was repelling an attack. Monitoring channels called it a 'resumption of strikes' after an unofficial pause. The Kyiv Independent could not verify the footage.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-oil-refinery-reportedly-attacked-amid-renewed-ukrainian-strikes-on-energy-infrastructure/"}},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"A Russian jet-powered drone struck the platform of a railway station in Dnipro on 29 October, where the Dnipro-Zaporizhzhia train was standing. Oleksandr Hanzha, head of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Military Administration, said the death toll rose to 15 on 30 October, with 14 people injured.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/30/8060394/"},"places":[{"name":"Dnipro","lon":35.04,"lat":48.47}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"A Russian attack on central Chernihiv killed two 15-year-old girls and injured 31 people, including four children and a ten-month-old baby girl, Ukrainska Pravda reported, citing city and regional officials. Viacheslav Chaus, head of Chernihiv Oblast Military Administration, said the city centre was struck with a Banderol drone-launched cruise missile.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/29/8060232/"},"places":[{"name":"Chernihiv","lon":31.29,"lat":51.49}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Russian drones struck an apartment building in Kremenchuk, Poltava Oblast, killing at least three people and injuring 32, including six children and two people in critical condition, according to local authorities cited by the Kyiv Independent. Poltava Oblast declared 30 October a day of mourning.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-war-latest-russias-mass-murder-deadly-russian-strikes-on-dnipro-chernihiv-kremenchuk/"},"places":[{"name":"Kremenchuk","lon":33.4,"lat":49.06}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Moscow Mayor Sergey Sobyanin said 613 drones were launched toward the Russian capital overnight on 28 to 29 October, and Russian authorities reported no casualties or damage, the Kyiv Independent said. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said the war 'must continue' so that Russia is protected from threats.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russia-says-war-must-continue-after-ukraines-massive-drone-attack-on-moscow/"},"places":[{"name":"Moscow","lon":37.6,"lat":55.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"A drone attack on 29 October reportedly killed an employee of the Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said. The agency did not say whether Russian or Ukrainian forces carried out the attack. Director General Rafael Grossi renewed his call for maximum military restraint around nuclear facilities.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/drone-attack-reportedly-kills-worker-at-russian-occupied-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-power-plant/"},"places":[{"name":"Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant","lon":34.59,"lat":47.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Russia attacked Kyiv in two waves of ballistic missiles overnight on 26 to 27 October. Ukraine's State Emergency Service said at least one person was killed and 15 injured. The city's mayor, Vitali Klitschko, said the Southern Bridge over the Dnipro River and metro infrastructure were damaged, and train service on the bridge was suspended.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/paramedics-caught-under-fire-as-russian-ballistic-missiles-slam-kyiv/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"A ceasefire took effect at 03:00 Kyiv time on 27 October around the Russian-occupied city of Oleshky, Kherson Oblast, to allow a humanitarian mission, Ukraine's ombudsman Dmytro Lubinets said. The Russian Defense Ministry said its forces had stopped firing on the Kherson front. According to the Associated Press, fighting is meant to stay frozen until at least Saturday.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/local-ceasefire-in-besieged-oleshky-begins-ukrainian-russian-officials-say/"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"The UN's Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine said in a report on 26 October that Russia's attacks on Ukraine's energy infrastructure constitute a war crime. It concluded that Russian authorities committed the crimes against humanity of other inhumane acts, based on interviews with 255 people who endured last winter's outages.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russias-assault-on-ukraines-energy-grid-is-a-war-crime-un-says/"}},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"A large Ukrainian drone attack hit the city of Belgorod overnight on 25 October. Belgorod Oblast authorities said one civilian was killed and 14 injured, and that at least 30 apartment buildings and 35 vehicles were damaged. The monitoring channel Exilenova-Plus said the MegaGRINN shopping complex was the target. The Kyiv Independent could not verify the reports.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/massive-ukrainian-drone-attack-hits-shopping-center-in-russias-belgorod-oblast-locals-say/"},"places":[{"name":"Belgorod","lon":36.59,"lat":50.6}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Ukraine's General Staff said its forces struck the Tolyattikauchuk plant in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast, and an aircraft at the Yeysk airfield in Krasnodar Krai. The General Staff said the plant's synthetic rubbers are used to make solid rocket fuel for tactical and ballistic missiles. The Kyiv Independent could not independently verify the claims.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-strikes-factory-in-russias-tolyatti-airfield-in-krasnodar-krai-general-staff-says/"},"places":[{"name":"Tolyatti","lon":49.42,"lat":53.51},{"name":"Yeysk","lon":38.27,"lat":46.71}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"President Volodymyr Zelensky confirmed that Starlink and Starshield were working at full speed on the morning of 24 October, after being limited to 161 kilometers per hour. Ukraine's Defense Ministry said Starshield was above 400 kilometers per hour. The Wall Street Journal reported that Trump had ordered SpaceX CEO Elon Musk on 21 October to lift the cap.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/starshield-operations-restored-above-400-km-h-ukraines-defense-ministry-says/"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"The Ukrainian and Russian General Staffs announced a ceasefire in a designated area from 03:00 Kyiv time on 27 October to allow a humanitarian operation in Oleshky, Kherson Oblast. Valery Gerasimov, chief of the Russian General Staff, said Russian forces would cease fire on the Kherson front from 04:00 Moscow time on 27 October.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/23/8059482/"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"Ukraine and Russia exchanged prisoners, with 261 Ukrainian service members and nine civilians returning home and 270 Russian prisoners of war returned to Russia, President Volodymyr Zelensky announced. It was the first exchange in two months.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/270-ukrainian-pows-return-home-in-latest-swap-with-russia/"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"The Comoros-flagged merchant vessel Khoryv sank near Constanța, Romania, with 14 crew aboard. Ukraine's Ministry of Foreign Affairs said one Ukrainian sailor died, three were missing and four were hospitalised, and that early reports indicate a drone strike may have been the cause.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/23/8059450/"},"places":[{"name":"Constanța","lon":28.6,"lat":44.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"A Russian attack on Chernihiv during the day killed one man and injured at least 25 people, local authorities said. Chernihiv City Council said two private businesses were targeted but gave no further details.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-4-injure-78-across-ukraine-over-past-day-as-drone-strikes-kyiv-residential-building-in-the-morning/"},"places":[{"name":"Chernihiv","lon":31.29,"lat":51.49}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"Ukraine struck the Proton electronics plant in Oryol, the General Staff confirmed on 24 October, saying the hit complicates production of components for cruise and ballistic missiles. Oryol Oblast Governor Andrey Klychkov confirmed that an enterprise was targeted. Flights at all four of Moscow's main airports were suspended during a Ukrainian drone raid.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/ukrainian-drone-attack-triggers-shut-down-of-moscow-airports-drone-debris-reported-on-tarmac/"},"places":[{"name":"Oryol","lon":36.1,"lat":52.97}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"President Volodymyr Zelensky said after a call with US envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner that a trilateral meeting of Ukraine, the US and Russia at team level was planned for the first half of November, but that it depended on the Russians.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/23/8059459/"}},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"A Russian drone hit a 24-story apartment building in Kyiv early on 21 October, sparking a fire on the 20th floor. The Kyiv City Military Administration said at least two people were killed and two injured.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-at-least-9-wound-45-across-ukraine-as-yet-another-deadly-drone-attack-strikes-kyiv/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Russian President Vladimir Putin met US envoy Steve Witkoff in St Petersburg. According to TASS, Witkoff said efforts were under way to secure a ceasefire in Ukraine and that he had brought documents with settlement proposals; he said he hoped trilateral talks between Ukraine, the US and Russia would resume.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/21/8059043/"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"President Volodymyr Zelensky met US envoy Steve Witkoff in Oslo and said the US side had assured Ukraine it would receive 'strong' security guarantees. He said Witkoff would share the document setting out the guarantee options with the Russians, with their feedback expected in one day.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/20/8058977/"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"A Russian attack on Kramatorsk, Donetsk Oblast, at 10:04 on 20 October killed four people and injured six, the Donetsk Oblast Prosecutor's Office said. Roman Polishchuk, director of the municipal utility Kramatorskteploenerho, said three of those killed were employees of the Kramatorsk combined heat and power plant.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/21/8058891/"},"places":[{"name":"Kramatorsk","lon":37.58,"lat":48.74}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Ukrenergo, the state electricity operator, reported new power outages in twelve oblasts after Russian attacks, and said power limitation schedules for industry would apply across all of Ukraine. President Volodymyr Zelensky said on 19 October that a wave of strikes with 16 ballistic missiles and over 200 drones hit 28 electrical substations and other energy facilities.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/power-outages-in-12-regions-after-russian-assault-on-ukraines-power-plants/"}},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"A Russian drone struck the central park in Nova Vodolaha, Kharkiv Oblast, at around 4:30 p.m. on 19 October, killing six people including two girls aged eight and one, and injuring at least 15, including seven children, Governor Oleh Syniehubov said. Prosecutors opened a pre-trial investigation into a possible war crime.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-drone-strike-on-park-in-kharkiv-oblast-kills-children-and-infant/"},"places":[{"name":"Nova Vodolaha","lon":35.86,"lat":49.72}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"Waves of Russian missiles struck Kyiv overnight on 19 October, killing at least one person and injuring eight, local authorities said. In Irpin, one woman was killed and 19 injured. President Volodymyr Zelensky said Russia fired 16 ballistic missiles and that Kyiv received no advance warning from partners.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-ballistic-missiles-slam-kyiv-right-as-air-raid-alarms-sound/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45},{"name":"Irpin","lon":30.24,"lat":50.52}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Russia launched 332 drones and Iskander-M or KN-23 ballistic missiles overnight, the Air Force said, and President Volodymyr Zelensky said more than 15 key power generation and transmission facilities were targeted. Regional authorities reported seven people killed and around 90 injured over the past day.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-7-injure-dozens-across-ukraine-amid-continued-strikes-on-energy-infrastructure/"}},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Russia struck the Zaporizhstal steelworks in Zaporizhzhia with six ballistic missiles at dawn on 17 October, the company Metinvest said. It reported no casualties and listed it as the fifth large-scale ballistic attack on the plant since 11 August.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/17/8058498/"},"places":[{"name":"Zaporizhzhia","lon":35.12,"lat":47.85}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Ukraine's General Staff rejected claims by Valery Gerasimov, chief of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, that Russian forces had captured 92 settlements since early September, including Kostiantynivka and Dobropillia. Its spokesperson Andrii Kovaliov said Ukrainian forces still hold positions in Kostiantynivka, where fighting is ongoing, and that Dobropillia remains under Ukrainian control.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/17/8058493/"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Valery Gerasimov, chief of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, announced that Russian forces had 'begun massive strikes on Ukraine's energy facilities', TASS reported. Ukrainska Pravda noted large-scale power cuts around Rivne and serious damage to the power grid in Lutsk on 16 October.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/16/8058413/"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"President Donald Trump issued a broad waiver of sanctions under the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act, with an executive order that largely waives its tariffs. Russia's economic negotiator Kirill Dmitriev called the suspension a 'truly historic moment'; Democratic Senator Richard Blumenthal, a co-author of the law, criticised it.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/trump-waives-latest-russia-sanctions-amid-growing-ukraine-us-tensions/"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Russia attacked Ukraine overnight with 580 drones and two Kh-59 guided aircraft missiles, the Air Force said, neutralizing 536 drones. Kirovohrad Oblast governor Andrii Raikovych said it was the oblast's most massive attack since the full-scale invasion began, killing three people and injuring six in Kropyvnytskyi.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-at-least-17-injure-67-across-ukraine-as-drone-waves-wreak-havoc-in-central-western-oblasts/"},"places":[{"name":"Kropyvnytskyi","lon":32.27,"lat":48.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Seven sailors were missing from the San Marino-flagged chemical tanker Wine Trader after it caught fire near Sulina in Romania's Black Sea, Romanian officials said. A second tanker, the Yara J, was reported hit by a drone the previous evening, and Romania's defense minister said an investigation was under way.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/7-sailors-missing-as-two-ships-off-romanian-black-sea-coast-catch-fire-amid-drone-incursion/"},"places":[{"name":"Sulina","lon":29.6,"lat":45.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"President Volodymyr Zelensky said in an interview with the Financial Times that Ukraine had lifted its pause on strikes against Russian oil refineries. He said Ukraine had refrained for three days to accommodate a US request while Russia resumed attacks on Ukraine's energy infrastructure.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/zelensky-lifts-pause-on-ukraines-strikes-against-russian-oil-refineries/"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"According to the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine, at least 328 civilians were killed and 2,105 injured in September 2026, the highest for September since the start of the full-scale invasion and 85 per cent higher than in September 2025. Long-range missiles and drones caused 53 per cent of the casualties.","source":{"name":"UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine","url":"https://ukraine.ohchr.org/en/Protection-of-Civilians-in-Armed-Conflict-September-2026"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Russia launched 39 ballistic missiles and 128 Shahed-type drones overnight at energy and critical infrastructure in Kyiv, Kyiv Oblast and Kharkiv, President Volodymyr Zelensky said, adding that 600,000 people were without power. Ukraine's Air Force said it neutralized four ballistic missiles and 115 drones.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-at-least-10-injure-91-across-ukraine-over-past-day-as-ballistic-missiles-strike-kyiv-for-second-straight-night/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45},{"name":"Kyiv Oblast","lon":30.5,"lat":50.2,"area":true},{"name":"Kharkiv","lon":36.23,"lat":49.99}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"SpaceX limited the speed of Starlink terminals used by Ukraine's military to 100 miles per hour (160 kilometers per hour) while in motion, presidential adviser Beskrestnov said, disrupting drone missions. Elon Musk said limits on Starshield are decided by the U.S. military and ultimately the president.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/this-cannot-be-a-coincidence-ukraines-starlink-access-restricted-without-warning-zelensky-adviser-says/"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Wreckage of a Russian drone fell on Lutsk and set fire to a warehouse, killing six people, five at the scene and one in hospital, and injuring 12, regional governor Roman Romaniuk said.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-at-least-17-injure-67-across-ukraine-as-drone-waves-wreak-havoc-in-central-western-oblasts/"},"places":[{"name":"Lutsk","lon":25.32,"lat":50.75}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Ukraine's Third Army Corps said it retook another 101 square kilometers in the fourth stage of Operation Vivaldi on the Lyman sector in Donetsk Oblast, including the villages of Zelena Dolyna, Lypove and Kolodiazi. The corps reported this on Telegram.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/operation-vivaldis-fourth-season-ukraine-retakes-another-101-square-kilometers-on-lyman-front-biletskyi-says/"},"places":[{"name":"Zelena Dolyna","lon":37.81,"lat":49.13},{"name":"Lypove","lon":37.82,"lat":49.16},{"name":"Kolodiazi","lon":37.88,"lat":49.08}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"A Russian missile struck a nine-story residential building in the Desnyanskyi district of Kyiv late on 13 October, killing at least three women and injuring 25 people, including a 7-year-old girl, Kyiv police said. Ukraine's Air Force said it received no information from partners about the launches.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/kyiv-residential-building-struck-by-russia-as-ukraine-says-intelligence-sharing-from-partners-interrupted/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Russian strikes hit Kharkiv through 12 October: upper floors of a high-rise were destroyed in the morning, and an entrance section of another residential building collapsed in the evening. The death toll from the evening strike rose to four, Mayor Ihor Terekhov said.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/13/8057761/"},"places":[{"name":"Kharkiv","lon":36.23,"lat":49.99}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"President Trump announced an 'energy ceasefire' between Russia and Ukraine, saying both parties had agreed; a senior Ukrainian official said Kyiv had no information about it. Ukraine's Presidential Office said Russia then struck the CHP-5 power plant in Kharkiv, and a missile strike on a grocery store in the suburbs of Kharkiv killed three people, the regional governor said.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russia-struck-kharkivs-power-plant-shortly-after-trump-announced-energy-ceasefire/"},"places":[{"name":"Kharkiv","lon":36.23,"lat":49.99}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"Russian guided aerial bombs struck a five-storey residential building in Zaporizhzhia on the morning of 10 October. Once search and rescue operations ended, a State Emergency Service spokesperson said 23 people had been killed; 32 were reported injured.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/11/8057459/"},"places":[{"name":"Zaporizhzhia","lon":35.12,"lat":47.85}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"U.S. President Donald Trump demanded that President Volodymyr Zelensky halt attacks on Russian refineries and said it was time for Ukraine to get a new president, when asked about his deal easing sanctions on Russian diesel.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/he-better-damn-well-stop-trump-slams-zelensky-for-attacking-russian-refineries-says-ukraine-should-get-new-president/"}},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"The U.S. Treasury Department issued a temporary general license allowing Russian diesel to be supplied to the global market, after U.S. President Donald Trump said Russia would immediately supply over 300,000 tons. President Volodymyr Zelensky said the decision would provide Russia with additional revenue to finance its war.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/trump-says-russia-agreed-to-supply-millions-of-tons-of-diesel-to-us-global-markets/"}},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"A Russian glide bomb strike on two minibuses in Kramatorsk killed 33 people, Ukraine's emergency service said. Twenty-two more were injured, the Donetsk regional governor said, and the Kramatorsk and Sloviansk military administrations halted all public transport.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-war-latest-russian-glide-bomb-strikes-in-kramatorsk-kill-at-least-33/"},"places":[{"name":"Kramatorsk","lon":37.58,"lat":48.74}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"Russian drone strikes on Kyiv killed four people and injured at least 19, the city's mayor, Vitali Klitschko, said, and an attack on an energy facility caused widespread power outages; the drop in voltage temporarily halted Kyiv Metro train services, the city administration said.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-plunge-kyiv-into-near-total-darkness-disrupt-power-metro-water-supply/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"A Russian missile struck a residential building in Pryluky during a mass overnight attack; the death toll rose to 22, including five children, and at least 54 people were injured, AAP reported.","source":{"name":"Newcastle Herald (AAP)","url":"https://www.newcastleherald.com.au/story/9365308/ukraines-death-toll-from-russian-missile-rises-to-22/"},"places":[{"name":"Pryluky","lon":32.39,"lat":50.6}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Russia launched a mass missile and drone attack on Kyiv overnight; multiple explosions were heard in the city from about 3:15 a.m. local time, and Mayor Vitali Klitschko reported a strike on a non-residential area in the Obolon district. The full extent of the damage was not immediately clear.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russia-slams-kyiv-in-mass-missile-drone-attack-on-putins-74th-birthday/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"A Russian drone struck one of the bridges over the Dnipro in Zaporizhzhia overnight, and the bridge was closed to traffic, the city council said. Five people in the region, including two members of the Red Cross, were injured during the overnight attack.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-drone-strikes-zaporizhzhia-bridge-in-overnight-attack/"},"places":[{"name":"Zaporizhzhia","lon":35.12,"lat":47.85}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Russia struck a hospital in Kryvyi Rih with Banderol missiles, injuring four people including two medical workers, local officials said. Regional authorities reported at least 13 people killed and 104 injured in Russian attacks across Ukraine over the preceding day.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-strikes-kill-13-injure-104-across-ukraine-damage-kryvyi-rih-hospital/"},"places":[{"name":"Kryvyi Rih","lon":33.39,"lat":47.91}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"An oil tanker caught fire in the Black Sea off Sochi; the cause was unknown, and a local social media page said it may have been attacked by naval drones. The Telegram channel Mash identified it as a Liberian-flagged tanker, and the outlet Astra said it is on Ukraine's sanctions list as a shadow fleet vessel.","source":{"name":"Meduza","url":"https://meduza.io/en/news/2026/10/06/oil-tanker-burns-off-coast-of-sochi-blanketing-the-city-in-black-smoke"},"places":[{"name":"Sochi","lon":39.7,"lat":43.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"President Zelensky said the drone attack on two merchant ships in Bulgaria's exclusive economic zone was carried out by Russia and that Ukraine's navy had contacted its Bulgarian counterparts. Bulgaria's defence minister, Dimitar Stoyanov, said it was not yet possible to say whether the drones were Ukrainian or Russian.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/06/8056783/"}},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"A Ukrainian drone attack on the Moscow region overnight killed two people and injured nine, the regional governor said. Moscow's mayor said most of the 650 drones launched towards the capital were intercepted, and Russia's defence ministry said it intercepted 868 across Russia. The exiled outlet Astra reported a fire at the region's largest fuel storage hub.","source":{"name":"The Moscow Times","url":"https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2026/10/06/2-killed-in-massive-ukrainian-drone-attack-on-moscow-a93884"},"places":[{"name":"Moscow region","lon":38,"lat":55.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Sea and aerial drones struck two merchant ships in Bulgaria's exclusive economic zone in the Black Sea. The Togo-flagged Alfa Watan sank with its crew unaccounted for; all 18 crew of the Palau-flagged Able were rescued, Prime Minister Rumen Radev said, adding that the drones were 'clearly either Russian or Ukrainian'.","source":{"name":"Bulgarian News Agency (BTA)","url":"https://www.bta.bg/en/news/bulgaria/1218507-two-merchant-ships-attacked-by-sea-and-aerial-drones-in-bulgaria-s-exclusive-eco"},"places":[{"name":"Bulgaria's exclusive economic zone","lon":29.2,"lat":42.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"A Russian drone struck a Marshall Islands-flagged merchant ship carrying rapeseed oil in the Black Sea, killing one person and injuring seven, said Oleh Kiper, head of Ukraine's Odesa regional military administration.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/06/8056674/"},"places":[{"name":"Black Sea","lon":34.2,"lat":43.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Russian guided aerial bomb strikes on Kharkiv's Slobidskyi district killed six people and injured 59, including three children, said Oleh Syniehubov, head of the Kharkiv regional military administration.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/05/8056604/"},"places":[{"name":"Kharkiv","lon":36.23,"lat":49.99}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"A grain ship caught fire and sank in Romania's exclusive economic zone in the Black Sea; Romanian authorities said two people were killed and 11 rescued, without identifying the cause. President Zelensky said two Russian drones had struck the ship, which he said was Turkish-owned and carrying corn.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/5/ukraine-says-russian-drone-attack-sinks-ship-in-romanian-waters"},"places":[{"name":"Romania's exclusive economic zone","lon":30.1,"lat":44.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Russia's defence ministry said it was intensifying strikes on infrastructure in Kyiv and across Ukraine, presenting them as a response to Ukrainian strikes on Russian civilian targets. ISW counted seven Russian strikes on Kyiv's Dnipro bridges from 1 to 4 October.","source":{"name":"Institute for the Study of War","url":"https://understandingwar.org/research/russia-ukraine/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-october-4-2026/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Russian attacks killed at least five people and injured 30 across Ukraine over a day, local authorities said; a drone hit Kyiv's Northern Bridge, the fourth consecutive day of strikes on the capital's Dnipro bridges.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-at-least-5-injure-30-across-ukraine/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"President Zelensky said the United States was proposing a technical-level meeting of Ukraine, Russia and the United States by the end of October, and that Ukraine was ready to take part.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/us-proposes-trilateral-talks-with-russia-ukraine-by-end-of-october-zelensky-says/"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"Russia's foreign ministry again called on foreign citizens and diplomats to leave Kyiv and said massive strikes on Ukrainian cities would continue; the European Commission said the EU delegation would keep working there.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/04/8056345/"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"President Zelensky said Ukraine's Operation Vivaldi counteroffensive had retaken about 125 to 140 square kilometres and was not finished; the figure is Ukraine's own.","source":{"name":"Ukrainska Pravda","url":"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/10/03/8056331/"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"Russian drones struck Kyiv's Northern Bridge over the Dnipro, after four strikes on the Southern Bridge on 1 and 2 October. Regional authorities reported at least eight civilians killed and 83 injured across Ukraine over the preceding day.","source":{"name":"The Kyiv Independent","url":"https://kyivindependent.com/russian-strikes-kill-8-injure-81-across-ukraine-hit-kyiv-bridge-2/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"Reuters reported, citing sources, that an oil refinery in Volgograd had stopped all crude processing after a Ukrainian drone attack on 2 October; Volgograd's governor had reported a massive drone attack on industrial infrastructure without saying which facilities were hit.","source":{"name":"Meduza (citing Reuters)","url":"https://meduza.io/en/news/2026/10/06/another-russian-refinery-goes-offline-volgograd-plant-shuts-down-completely-after-ukrainian-drone-attack-reuters-reports"},"places":[{"name":"Volgograd","lon":44.52,"lat":48.71}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"President Vladimir Putin ruled out a ceasefire on long-range strikes with Ukraine, telling the Valdai forum in Moscow that the idea of Ukraine halting strikes on Russian refineries in return for Russia halting strikes on ships was 'simply ridiculous'.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/1/russias-putin-rules-out-ceasefire-with-ukraine-during-speech-in-moscow"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"An overnight Russian missile and drone attack, mainly on the power grid, killed seven civilians including a child and wounded 24, President Zelensky said. Ukraine's prime minister called it the first attack of that scale since the last heating season.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via The Pioneer","url":"https://dailypioneer.com/news/russia-pounds-ukraine-with-missiles-and-drones-killing-seven"}},{"date":"2026-09-20","text":"On the last day of Russia's parliamentary elections, Ukraine attacked Moscow and the surrounding region with drones. Russia's defence ministry said more than 1,900 drones were shot down overnight; the Moscow region's governor said three people were killed.","source":{"name":"CNN","url":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/09/20/europe/moscow-ukraine-attack-russia-election"},"places":[{"name":"Moscow","lon":37.6,"lat":55.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-14","text":"President Trump said Russia and Ukraine had agreed not to strike each other's energy facilities. President Zelensky said Kyiv would stop if partners ensured Moscow did the same; the Kremlin did not say whether it would.","source":{"name":"RFE/RL via GlobalSecurity.org","url":"https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/ukraine/2026/09/ukraine-260914-rferl01.htm"}},{"date":"2026-07-06","text":"Russian missile and drone attacks killed at least 22 people, 15 of them in Kyiv, according to Ukrainian authorities.","source":{"name":"NPR (Associated Press)","url":"https://www.npr.org/2026/07/06/g-s1-132088/russian-missile-drone-attack-kyiv-ukraine"},"places":[{"name":"Kyiv","lon":30.52,"lat":50.45}]},{"date":"2026-07-03","text":"Russia's military told President Putin its forces had taken Kostiantynivka, one of the fortified cities of Ukraine's Donetsk defensive line. The next day President Zelensky and Ukraine's General Staff said the city remained under Ukrainian control.","source":{"name":"The Moscow Times","url":"https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2026/07/04/zelensky-denies-russian-capture-of-key-eastern-city-kostiantynivka-a93165"},"places":[{"name":"Kostiantynivka","lon":37.69,"lat":48.53}]},{"date":"2026-05-08","text":"President Trump announced a three-day ceasefire for 9 to 11 May, with a halt to all kinetic activity and an exchange of 1,000 prisoners by each side. President Zelensky and Kremlin aide Yuri Ushakov confirmed the agreement.","source":{"name":"NPR (Associated Press)","url":"https://www.npr.org/2026/05/09/nx-s1-5816478/trump-russia-ukraine-ceasefire"}},{"date":"2026-01-23","text":"The first talks between Ukraine, Russia and the United States together since the 2022 invasion opened in Abu Dhabi and ran for two days.","source":{"name":"CNN","url":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/23/europe/russia-ukraine-attacks-trilateral-talks-intl-hnk"}}],"parties":[{"id":"ru","name":"Russia","iso2":"RU","kind":"state","role":"Invaded in February 2022 and occupies territory in Ukraine's south and east; conducts sustained long-range strikes on Ukrainian cities and energy infrastructure."},{"id":"ua","name":"Ukraine","iso2":"UA","kind":"state","role":"Defends against the invasion, conducts counter-offensives and long-range strikes into Russian territory and occupied areas."}],"fatalities":{"low":375570,"high":645008,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2022-02-24","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 40,944 individually sourced incidents since 24 Feb 2022: a best estimate of 438,542, 30,241 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 64,472 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. It counts the war wherever UCDP places its incidents: in Russia too (the Kursk incursion, cross-border shelling and long-range strikes), as well as every other incident of organised violence in Ukraine since the invasion. Military casualties on both sides are treated as state secrets and are not reliably published, so the true military toll is unknown and is widely believed to be substantially higher than any recorded figure. The separately verified civilian toll below is itself explicitly described by the UN as an undercount.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"375,570–645,008 (best estimate 438,542)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"40,944 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."},{"name":"UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine (OHCHR), Protection of Civilians, September 2026","url":"https://ukraine.ohchr.org/en/Protection-of-Civilians-in-Armed-Conflict-September-2026","figure":"17,605 civilians killed and 55,846 injured since 24 February 2022","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"Civilians only, each casualty individually verified; published 15 October 2026, when the mission counted 328 civilians killed in September alone, the most for any September of the full-scale invasion. OHCHR states plainly that the real figures are considerably higher, because verification lags in areas of intense hostilities and in occupied territory."}]},"displaced":{"value":8962714,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Ukraine at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,712,000 displaced inside the country and 5,250,714 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Ukraine, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=UKR","figure":"3,712,000 internally displaced; 5,250,714 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"OHCHR Ukraine civilian casualty reporting","url":"https://ukraine.ohchr.org/en","provides":"Individually verified civilian casualty counts, published with an explicit undercount caveat."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"375k–645k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[9288,9373,9177,8026,6565,6821,5932,5331,5802,7623,8486,9157,10086,10767,10167,9330,8252,8733,7849,7606,5707,5058,5698,6239],"recent":16995,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"ethiopia","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-endf-and-fano-amhara","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-ethiopian-national-defence-forces-endf-and-the-oromo-liberation-army-ola","international-armed-conflict-between-ethiopia-and-sudan"],"name":"Armed conflicts in Ethiopia","shortName":"Ethiopia","region":"Africa","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"Non-international armed conflicts between the state and several distinct organised armed groups, in different regions and on different timelines.","startDate":"2020-11-03","bbox":[33.44,3.54,47,14.63],"center":[38.98,13.08],"summary":"The war in Tigray, fought from November 2020 until the Pretoria cessation-of-hostilities agreement in November 2022, is one of the deadliest conflicts of the century by recorded deaths and dominates Ethiopia's total. Fighting continued afterwards in Amhara and Oromia between federal forces and other armed groups. In 2026 war returned to the north: Tigrayan forces clashed with federal troops from August, the Tigray People's Liberation Front joined an alliance with the Amhara Fano National Movement, the Oromo Liberation Army and other groups in September, and fighting spread into Afar. Federal and allied forces pushed through Tigray, entering Mekelle on 3 October after the TPLF withdrew; on 16 October Addis Ababa replaced the region's interim administration. Ethiopia accuses Eritrea, Sudan and Egypt of backing the alliance, and Eritrea of invading Tigray; each denies it. The Tigray toll rests on estimates with an extremely wide range, because independent access was severely restricted.","developments":[{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Fighting broke out on Saturday near Aksum, in Naeder district, between Tigrayan fighters and federal forces with the allied Tigray Peace Forces, the Tigray People's Liberation Front said on Monday. The government has not commented, and the TPLF's account could not be independently verified, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/tigray-rebels-claim-500-ethiopian-soldiers-killed-800-wounded-in-renewed-fighting/4108630"},"places":[{"name":"Aksum","lon":38.73,"lat":14.12}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A drone strike on the town of Rama, in Tigray, killed at least 12 civilians who were collecting grain spilled from a truck hit the night before, local authorities and hospital sources said, according to Anadolu.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/drone-strike-kills-12-civilians-collecting-grain-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-region/4107368"},"places":[{"name":"Rama","lon":38.79,"lat":14.41}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"The UN refugee agency UNHCR said more than 50,000 civilians had crossed from southern Ethiopia into Marsabit County, Kenya, up from 36,000 recorded earlier in the week, after fighting between Oromia and Somali regional forces in the border town of Moyale, according to Borkena.","source":{"name":"Borkena","url":"https://borkena.com/over-50000-displaced-into-kenya-following-moyale-border-clashes-unhcr-says/"},"places":[{"name":"Moyale","lon":39.05,"lat":3.52}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"A drone strike on the Hayiq Jari 2 Turk camp for displaced people near the town of Hayiq, in Amhara region, killed at least 16 civilians and injured 22 on Thursday, according to local media and conflict monitors cited by Anadolu. The camp houses more than 1,800 internally displaced people. The report did not say who operated the drone.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/at-least-16-civilians-killed-in-drone-attack-on-displacement-camp-in-ethiopia/4106073"},"places":[{"name":"Hayiq","lon":39.68,"lat":11.31}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"IOM said around 36,600 people have fled into northern Kenya after an uptick in fighting on the Ethiopian side of the border between forces from the Somali and Oromia regions: nearly 11,000 are sheltering in a church compound and the remaining 25,600 are with host communities.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168674"}},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"The Ethiopian Orthodox Church said 46 believers were killed in Sherka Woreda, Oromiya, on 24 October, after 14 on 20 October in Merti Woreda, and that more than 20 homes were burned. The church gave no details of how they died or who was responsible; the regional government and a source linked to the rebel alliance blamed each other.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/27/attackers-kill-60-people-in-ethiopia-s-conflict-hit-oromiya-region-orthodox-church-says"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"Ethiopia's military said on Friday its forces had killed an unspecified number of TPLF fighters and captured four others in the western Benishangul-Gumuz region, near the Sudanese border, in an operation against an armed unit known as Army 13.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/tigray-rebel-leader-vows-to-continue-war-against-ethiopian-forces-despite-territorial-losses/4098511"},"places":[{"name":"Benishangul-Gumuz","lon":35.5,"lat":10.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Kenyan police said on Thursday that hundreds of Ethiopians, mostly women and children, had crossed into Kenya at Moyale, fleeing fighting between forces from Ethiopia's Oromia and Somali regional states. Ethiopian media reported that it began on Sunday as a dispute over raising the Somali Regional State flag.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (AP and Reuters)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/22/hundreds-of-ethiopians-cross-into-kenya-to-flee-regional-fighting"},"places":[{"name":"Moyale","lon":39.05,"lat":3.52}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Mekelle residents reported a drone strike that killed four people and injured six others as they loaded goats onto a truck on Tuesday, the Associated Press reported. The casualties could not be independently verified.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (AP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/23/tigray-official-urges-rebels-to-disarm"},"places":[{"name":"Mekelle","lon":39.48,"lat":13.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed warned Eritrea in an interview with state broadcaster Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation that the consequence of giving 'a deaf ear' to Ethiopia's calls would be 'very, very, very severe'. Abiy accused Eritrea of supporting Tigray forces; Ethiopia has accused Eritrean forces of crossing the border, which Asmara rejects.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/tigray-rebels-claim-to-have-killed-over-1-500-ethiopian-soldiers-as-abiy-warns-eritrea/4094395"}},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Tigrayan forces and federal troops clashed on 17 and 18 October near Mirena, in central Tigray, as the troops tried to advance toward Adet, Tigray People's Liberation Front official Negash Hiluf said. The Ethiopian government had not responded.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/tigray-rebels-claim-to-have-killed-over-1-500-ethiopian-soldiers-as-abiy-warns-eritrea/4094395"},"places":[{"name":"Tigray","lon":39.1,"lat":13.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"The Tigray People's Liberation Front said in a statement that the federally appointed caretaker administration for Tigray is a 'Prosperity structure' and that its decisions would have 'no legality or enforceability'. It warned institutions against cooperating with the new leadership.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/ethiopias-tplf-rejects-new-tigray-administration-as-illegitimate/4092056"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's government announced a new interim administration for Tigray, headed by Asefa Abrahaga Hagos, to restore stability and organize elections within six months. The House of Federation approved the suspension of Tigray's previous interim administration.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/ethiopia-appoints-new-tigray-administration-plans-elections-within-6-months/4091197"}},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Ethiopian government forces and an allied militia entered Adwa, roughly 40km from the border with Eritrea, on Sunday, residents told AFP, a day after TPLF fighters withdrew from the town. The TPLF vice president said he did not wish to comment.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (AFP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/12/ethiopian-troops-capture-adwa-without-a-fight-witnesses-say"},"places":[{"name":"Adwa","lon":38.89,"lat":14.17}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Ethiopian Airlines resumed flights from the capital to Mekelle on Sunday, the first since 23 September. Getachew Reda, a former Tigray leader who now advises Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, and intelligence chief Redwan Hussein were welcomed at Mekelle airport.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (AFP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/12/ethiopian-troops-capture-adwa-without-a-fight-witnesses-say"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"Ethiopian government forces and allied militia entered Adigrat, a Tigrayan city about 30 km from the Eritrean border, three residents told Reuters, days after Eritrean troops were pushed back from it. A video verified by Reuters showed members of a pro-government militia in its streets.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/10/ethiopian-forces-regain-control-of-border-city-after-reported-eritrean-incursion"},"places":[{"name":"Adigrat","lon":39.46,"lat":14.28}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"In a letter to the UN Security Council, Eritrean Foreign Minister Osman Saleh called Ethiopia's invasion accusations a 'declaration of war', asked the council to take deterrent measures under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, and said the incursion claims were part of an Ethiopian plan to justify a war of aggression.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/10/ethiopian-forces-regain-control-of-border-city-after-reported-eritrean-incursion"}},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"UN Secretary-General António Guterres called for an immediate end to the renewed fighting in the Tigray, Afar and Amhara regions, said he was deeply worried by reports of Eritrean forces in Ethiopia, and urged the signatories of the Pretoria Agreement to return to dialogue.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168570"}},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"In a letter to UN Security Council members, Foreign Minister Gedion Timothewos said an 'all-out invasion' of parts of northern Ethiopia by Eritrea, whose forces he said had advanced up to 60 km into the country, engaged Ethiopia's right to self-defence.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/09/ethiopia-says-it-must-defend-itself-against-eritrea-s-all-out-invasion"}},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Eritrean soldiers crossed into Ethiopia and advanced dozens of kilometres into Tigray, then withdrew under heavy drone strikes near Adigrat believed to have been carried out by Ethiopia's military, the conflict monitor ACLED said. Eritrea's information minister, Yemane Gebremeskel, called reports of an incursion part of an Ethiopian plan to justify a war of aggression.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/08/drones-target-eritrean-troops-inside-ethiopia-conflict-monitor-says"},"places":[{"name":"Adigrat","lon":39.46,"lat":14.28}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The UN said continued hostilities were displacing people across central, north-western and eastern Tigray, with no verified figures, and that in Amhara a government-led effort to help people displaced by recent insecurity return from the town of Kobo to their areas of origin had been suspended as security there deteriorated.","source":{"name":"UN Spokesperson's daily press briefing, 6 October 2026","url":"https://press.un.org/en/2026/db261006.doc.htm"},"places":[{"name":"Kobo","lon":39.63,"lat":12.15},{"name":"Tigray","lon":39.1,"lat":13.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Ermiyas Ababu, a commander in the Mekelle zone, said the federal government was conducting drone strikes in Tigray with the cooperation of 'our forces' until their state was 'free from those forces', Africanews and AP reported.","source":{"name":"Africanews with AP","url":"https://www.africanews.com/2026/10/06/tigray-drone-strikes-continue-as-life-resumes-in-mekelle/"}},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Air strikes and artillery fire hit Tigray overnight into 5 October as federal and rebel forces clashed, aid sources told Reuters, which could not confirm the reports. A humanitarian bulletin said the army and TPLF fighters traded artillery fire near Mai Tsebri and air strikes killed at least nine people in Adwa, without saying who launched them.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/05/airstrikes-and-artillery-hit-north-ethiopia-after-tigray-capital-s-fall-aid-sources-say"},"places":[{"name":"Adwa","lon":38.89,"lat":14.17}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Shortly after being sworn in for a third term, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed reiterated that Ethiopia must have access to the Red Sea, a day after Egypt, Eritrea, Somalia and Sudan said at New Alamein that the sea's governance rests with coastal states. Ethiopia's foreign ministry said its geographic realities must be considered.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/world/ethiopia-again-demands-access-to-the-red-sea-as-tensions-with-neighbors-escalate-3004761"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"A UN agency warehouse and the facilities and warehouses of local and international aid groups were looted in Tigray, and food, seed, fertiliser and water pumps were lost, the UN Secretary-General's spokesperson said.","source":{"name":"UN Spokesperson's daily press briefing, 5 October 2026","url":"https://press.un.org/en/2026/db261005.doc.htm"},"places":[{"name":"Tigray","lon":39.1,"lat":13.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"A drone strike hit the camp for displaced people at Sheraro in western Tigray early on 4 October, killing eight people, including a child, and seriously wounding six, an aid worker told AFP. A witness said a mother, her four children and a grandson were among those killed.","source":{"name":"AFP via Macau Business","url":"https://macaubusiness.com/drone-at-idp-camp-in-ethiopias-tigray-kills-eight-humanitarian-witness/"},"places":[{"name":"Sheraro","lon":37.77,"lat":14.39}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Two Egyptian security officials and a political official told Reuters that the leaders of Egypt, Eritrea, Sudan and Somalia, meeting in Egypt on 4 October, agreed to coordinate military and intelligence efforts if Ethiopia's conflict escalated to its borders with Eritrea, Sudan and Somalia.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/05/airstrikes-and-artillery-hit-north-ethiopia-after-tigray-capital-s-fall-aid-sources-say"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"A humanitarian source and a Mekelle resident told Reuters the city was under the control of government forces, a day after the Tigray Peace Force and the federal army entered its centre.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with Reuters and AFP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/4/government-forces-seize-capital-of-ethiopias-tigray-region-from-rebels"},"places":[{"name":"Mekelle","lon":39.48,"lat":13.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Abraham Belay, former president of the Tigray Interim Administration, told state media that a new interim administration for Tigray was being prepared, with regional elections within a few months, and said Eritrean forces had fought alongside the TPLF.","source":{"name":"Ethiopian News Agency (state media)","url":"https://www.ena.et/web/eng/w/eng_9673423"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Eritrea's information minister, Yemane Gebremeskel, said Addis Ababa was trying to create a pretext for attacking Eritrea.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/5/four-african-leaders-issue-joint-declaration-as-ethiopia-war-escalates"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Egypt, Eritrea, Somalia and Sudan met in El-Alamein, Egypt, and called for regional disputes to be resolved through 'peaceful means'. Ethiopia accuses Egypt, Eritrea and Sudan of backing the TPLF-led alliance, a charge all three reject.","source":{"name":"Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/world/ethiopias-regional-rivals-urge-peaceful-solutions-to-disputes-at-egypt-summit-3004634"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"Late on 3 October the TPLF said it had 'temporarily moved out of Mekelle' to 'operate from somewhere else'. A source close to the Tigray Peace Force told Reuters its fighters had entered the city centre that afternoon, followed by the federal army.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with Reuters and AFP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/4/government-forces-seize-capital-of-ethiopias-tigray-region-from-rebels"},"places":[{"name":"Mekelle","lon":39.48,"lat":13.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"The US State Department urged Ethiopia and Eritrea to exercise maximum restraint and return to dialogue, warning that rising cross-border tensions 'have the potential to affect the entire region'.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via WSLS","url":"https://www.wsls.com/business/2026/10/03/ethiopian-federal-forces-retake-mekelle-airport-from-tigrayan-fighters-residents-say/"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"A humanitarian source told AFP that federal and allied forces had been seen across Mekelle as TPLF fighters and leaders left the city, and three sources told Reuters federal troops had retaken its airport.","source":{"name":"AFP via France 24","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20261003-ethiopia-s-tigray-rebels-abandon-regional-capital-of-mekelle-as-pro-government-forces-advance"},"places":[{"name":"Mekelle","lon":39.48,"lat":13.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"The pro-government Tigray Peace Force claimed full control of the Mekelle airport, and residents told Reuters government forces were closing on the city as civilians fled.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/2/ethiopian-govt-aligned-group-claims-close-to-full-control-of-tigray-region"},"places":[{"name":"Mekelle","lon":39.48,"lat":13.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"TPLF chairman Debretsion Gebremichael acknowledged that federal forces had occupied parts of Tigray and said his forces would counter-attack 'in due course'.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/2/ethiopian-govt-aligned-group-claims-close-to-full-control-of-tigray-region"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Ethiopia closed its embassy in Asmara and declared ten Eritrean diplomats persona non grata, citing what its foreign ministry called Eritrea's acts of hostility. Eritrea cut diplomatic ties in response.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/eritrea-cuts-ties-ethiopia-over-asmara-embassy-closure"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Ethiopia expelled an Egyptian diplomat without giving a reason, and Egypt answered by expelling an Ethiopian diplomat.","source":{"name":"AFP via France 24","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20261002-ethiopia-tigray-rebels-pushed-back-as-regional-tensions-spike"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"The Tigray Peace Force said it had taken Maychew, about 75 km south of Mekelle, with the federal army, and federal forces retook the Afar town of Erebti. Explosions were heard overnight in Addis Ababa; a source linked to the opposition alliance said it had carried out drone strikes.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/world/blasts-heard-in-ethiopian-capital-pro-government-forces-claim-further-gains-in-northern-war-3004091"},"places":[{"name":"Maychew","lon":39.54,"lat":12.78},{"name":"Addis Ababa","lon":38.75,"lat":9}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"At least 52 civilians were killed in three days of heavy fighting around Alamata, hospital sources told the BBC; MSF said more than 700 wounded people had been admitted to hospitals it supports in Tigray.","source":{"name":"BBC","url":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c6grveejg1e2o"},"places":[{"name":"Alamata","lon":39.56,"lat":12.42}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"The Tigray Peace Force, a pro-government Tigrayan force, said it had captured Alamata, about 120 km south of Mekelle.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/29/fighting-in-ethiopia-intensifies-whats-the-latest"},"places":[{"name":"Alamata","lon":39.56,"lat":12.42}]},{"date":"2026-09-27","text":"Tigrayan forces took the Afar town of Erebti after heavy artillery fire, a humanitarian source told AFP, estimating that at least 150,000 people had been displaced in Afar.","source":{"name":"AFP via France 24","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20260927-ethiopia-accuses-eritrea-sudan-backing-tigray-rebels"},"places":[{"name":"Afar","lon":41,"lat":11.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-25","text":"Ethiopia's army chief accused Eritrea of financing the TPLF and suggested that Sudan and Egypt were supporting the rebels; Eritrea's information minister and the Sudanese army rejected the accusation.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via WSLS","url":"https://www.wsls.com/news/world/2026/09/28/ethiopias-army-chief-accuses-eritrea-sudan-and-egypt-of-supporting-tigray-rebels/"}},{"date":"2026-09-24","text":"Renewed fighting between federal troops and Tigrayan forces had effectively shattered the 2022 Pretoria agreement, AP reported, with the TPLF mobilising alongside former foes in a stated aim of removing the prime minister.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via WSLS","url":"https://www.wsls.com/news/world/2026/09/24/renewed-fighting-in-northern-ethiopia-effectively-shatters-peace-deal-that-ended-2022-war/"}},{"date":"2026-09-23","text":"Opposition forces seized three airports in Tigray, including Mekelle's, at the start of the fighting, after clashes with federal troops in the Afar region began the night before.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/world/ethiopia-government-forces-retake-airport-in-tigrays-capital-sources-say-3004365"},"places":[{"name":"Mekelle","lon":39.48,"lat":13.5},{"name":"Afar","lon":41,"lat":11.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-20","text":"A seven-group alliance including the TPLF, the Amhara Fano National Movement and the Oromo Liberation Army was announced against the federal government.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/24/fighting-widens-across-ethiopia-as-tigray-clashes-escalate"}},{"date":"2026-08-01","text":"Tigrayan forces led by the TPLF clashed with federal troops near the Sudan border in Shererina, the start of the renewed fighting according to ACLED.","source":{"name":"ACLED","url":"https://acleddata.com/expert-comment/has-conflict-resumed-between-ethiopian-federal-government-and-tplf"}}],"parties":[{"id":"et","name":"Ethiopian federal government","iso2":"ET","kind":"state","role":"The state party to the conflicts in Tigray, Amhara and Oromia."},{"id":"tplf","name":"Tigray People's Liberation Front","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Party to the 2020-2022 Tigray war; signed the Pretoria cessation-of-hostilities agreement in November 2022, and returned to fighting federal forces in 2026, from August, in an alliance with the Amhara Fano National Movement, the Oromo Liberation Army and other groups announced in September."},{"id":"tpf","name":"Tigray Peace Force","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Tigrayan armed group of former Tigray Defense Forces members, allied with the federal army against the TPLF in 2026; it claimed the capture of Alamata, Maychew and the Mekelle airport, and on 3 October, after the TPLF withdrew, it entered Mekelle and took control of the city with federal forces."},{"id":"fano","name":"Fano","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Amhara regional armed movement engaged against federal forces since 2023."},{"id":"ola","name":"Oromo Liberation Army","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Armed group engaged against federal forces in Oromia."},{"id":"er","name":"Eritrea","iso2":"ER","kind":"state","role":"Deployed forces into northern Ethiopia during the Tigray war, on the federal government's side. In September 2026 Ethiopia accused it of backing the opposition alliance, which it denies; on 1 October 2026 it cut diplomatic ties after Ethiopia closed its embassy in Asmara. In October Ethiopia told the UN Security Council that Eritrea had invaded Tigray, after the monitor ACLED reported Eritrean troops crossing into Tigray and withdrawing under drone strikes; Eritrea denies any incursion."}],"fatalities":{"low":328610,"high":382670,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-11-03","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 5,232 individually sourced incidents since 3 Nov 2020: a best estimate of 333,823, 14,569 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,495 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Access restrictions during the Tigray war mean the recorded total carries unusually large uncertainty, which is visible in the very wide gap between the low and high bounds.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"328,610–382,670 (best estimate 333,823)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"5,232 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."}]},"displaced":{"value":2690831,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Ethiopia at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 2,378,000 displaced inside the country and 312,831 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Ethiopia, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=ETH","figure":"2,378,000 internally displaced; 312,831 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"AFP via France 24, 'Ethiopia Tigray rebels pushed back as regional tensions spike' (2 October 2026)","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20261002-ethiopia-tigray-rebels-pushed-back-as-regional-tensions-spike","provides":"The Tigray Peace Force's claim to the Mekelle airport, the expulsion of an Egyptian diplomat and Egypt's reciprocal move, ACLED's report of the Afar towns retaken, and the defence ministry and army base struck in Addis Ababa."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"328k–383k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[501,289,193,390,174,629,634,265,314,249,300,719,530,734,520,290,517,645,278,210,351,225,370,609],"recent":1204,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"sudan","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflicts-between-the-saf-supported-by-the-darfur-joint-protection-forces-djpf-and-the-rsf","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-saf-and-the-splm-north-al-hilu-faction","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-rsf-and-splm-north-al-hilu-faction"],"name":"Sudan civil war","shortName":"Sudan","region":"Africa","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"A non-international armed conflict: fighting between the state's armed forces and an organised armed group, rather than between states.","startDate":"2023-04-15","bbox":[22.13,9.27,36.83,22],"center":[25.97,13.59],"summary":"Fighting broke out in Khartoum on 15 April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, two factions of the same military government, and spread across the country. Of every conflict in this record, Sudan has by far the highest proportion of recorded deaths coded as civilian, and it has produced the world's largest displacement crisis. Famine was confirmed in parts of the country in 2024 and 2025; the latest classification, in May 2026, found no area currently in famine but 14 at risk. In 2026 the army has pushed the RSF back in Kordofan, while the RSF, which took El Fasher in October 2025, controls much of Darfur. In September the army rejected a US proposal for a 90-day truce.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"Drones struck the New Halfa and Aroma electricity substations in Kassala state and a substation near Merowe in Northern State early on Monday, witnesses said, causing outages. Anadolu counted 16 electricity stations hit by drones across Sudan over the past week.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/drone-attacks-hit-3-power-stations-in-sudan-trigger-widespread-outages/4108387"},"places":[{"name":"New Halfa","lon":35.6,"lat":15.32},{"name":"Aroma","lon":36.14,"lat":15.81},{"name":"Merowe","lon":31.82,"lat":18.48}]},{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"The Sudanese foreign ministry said it filed complaints against Ethiopia with the UN Security Council and the Peace and Security Council of the African Union, saying the RSF used Ethiopian territory to launch drones at civilian sites and power stations. Ethiopia has denied the allegations.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/sudan-files-complaints-against-ethiopia-with-un-african-union-over-drone-attacks/4108257"}},{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"A drone strike hit the Abu Hamad power station in River Nile state early on Sunday, sparking a fire, witnesses told Anadolu. It was the 12th power station targeted by drones across six Sudanese states since Monday. Sudanese authorities did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/drone-strike-hits-power-station-in-northern-sudan-sparks-fire/4107741"},"places":[{"name":"Abu Hamad","lon":33.32,"lat":19.54}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"The International Organization for Migration said an estimated 1,150 more people were displaced from the villages of Muzbat, Oreri, Tari and Umm Haraz in Um Baru locality, North Darfur, between 29 and 31 October. Some moved within the locality and others crossed into Chad, it said.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/insecurity-displaces-1-150-people-in-sudan-s-north-darfur-in-3-days-un-migration-agency/4108057"},"places":[{"name":"Um Baru","lon":23.7,"lat":15,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"The International Organization for Migration said 119,782 people (23,598 families) were displaced across Sudan's Blue Nile state between 11 January and 15 October 2026, 21% more than at its 23 August update.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/nearly-120-000-displaced-in-sudan-s-blue-nile-state-since-january-un-agency/4105218"},"places":[{"name":"Blue Nile","lon":34,"lat":11.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"The UN fact-finding mission on Sudan said at a New York news conference that it found reasonable grounds to believe outside transfers of weapons, military technology and foreign personnel sustain the war. Chair Mohamed Chande Othman named individuals and entities in Chad, Puntland in Somalia, southeast Libya and the United Arab Emirates. Chad denies using its territory.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/un-fact-finding-mission-says-external-actors-fuel-sudan-war-backs-nationwide-arms-embargo/4104369"}},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"Drone strikes hit a power station, a fuel tanker in an oil depot and a gas station in Managil, Gezira state, on Wednesday, putting the station out of service and cutting electricity to the city, local sources told Anadolu. Anadolu described it as the third consecutive day of drone strikes on electricity infrastructure in army-controlled states.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/drone-strikes-hit-power-station-in-sudan-s-managil-cutting-electricity/4103529"},"places":[{"name":"Managil","lon":32.99,"lat":14.25}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Médecins Sans Frontières said Nyala Teaching Hospital received 36 bodies and treated more than 150 injured after a drone strike by the Sudanese Armed Forces on Dumaya market on Monday evening. The health ministry of the Tasees government put the toll at 188 killed and 356 injured on Tuesday, Dabanga reported. The discrepancy remains unresolved.","source":{"name":"Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/tasees-places-south-darfur-market-strike-toll-at-188-msf-receives-36-bodies-in-nyala"},"places":[{"name":"Nyala","lon":24.88,"lat":12.05}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"A drone struck the Al-Markhiyat power substation in northwestern Omdurman early on Tuesday, cutting electricity to large parts of Khartoum, witnesses told Anadolu. As of 0630 GMT there was no official statement on the damage or on who was responsible.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/drone-attack-cuts-power-to-large-parts-of-sudanese-capital/4102049"},"places":[{"name":"Omdurman","lon":32.48,"lat":15.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"A drone strike on a market in the north of Nyala, in Darfur, at about 8pm on Monday killed at least 21 people and injured 40, AFP reported, citing a medical source and witnesses. Nyala serves as the de facto capital of the Rapid Support Forces.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AFP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/27/drone-strike-kills-at-least-21-and-injures-40-in-sudans-nyala"},"places":[{"name":"Nyala","lon":24.88,"lat":12.05}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Sudan Electricity Holding Company said drone attacks by the Rapid Support Forces on Monday hit five power substations, in Singa, Al-Hawata, Al-Faw, Mashkur and Al-Junaid, and cut electricity from the southeastern grid across Sennar, Gedaref, White Nile and Gezira states.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/rsf-drone-strikes-damage-5-power-substations-cause-blackout-in-sudan/4101140"},"places":[{"name":"Singa","lon":33.93,"lat":13.14}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"The United Kingdom imposed travel bans and asset freezes on 15 senior commanders of the Rapid Support Forces and the Sudanese Armed Forces over suspected atrocities, including conflict-related sexual violence, and announced £15 million in aid. Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband said the perpetrators must be held accountable.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/uk-sanctions-15-sudan-commanders-over-alleged-atrocities"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"UN human rights chief Volker Türk said on Friday that drone strikes attributed to both the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces killed at least 306 people and injured hundreds more in the first three weeks of October, in Kordofan, Darfur, Blue Nile, Khartoum and other states, according to the UN human rights office.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168661"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"In a statement on Friday, the Security Council condemned the 19 October drone attack on Amiet Market in Abyei 'in the strongest terms', said attacks on civilians could amount to war crimes, and called for a full, transparent and prompt investigation. UN News said the attack killed more than 80 people and UNISFA is still verifying casualties.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168661"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"The army's Fourth Infantry Division announced that it had recaptured Bakori and Akleli in Blue Nile, saying it drove out the RSF and the SPLM-N. The RSF announced its capture of Bakori on 28 August. Radio Tamazuj reported that the Tasis Alliance had not commented on the army's announcement.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/sudanese-army-claims-gains-against-rsf-in-blue-nile"},"places":[{"name":"Blue Nile","lon":34,"lat":11.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"The Sudan Founding Alliance, which is allied with the RSF, said on Tuesday that it took full control of the Al-Birka area and a military camp in Blue Nile. The army's Fourth Infantry Division said it had dealt a decisive blow to RSF forces there. Radio Tamazuj reported conflicting claims over the outcome.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/saf-rsf-alliance-claim-contradicting-military-gains-in-blue-nile"},"places":[{"name":"Blue Nile","lon":34,"lat":11.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"A drone strike on El Odaiya, West Kordofan, on Tuesday evening killed 16 civilians, including two women, according to the Sudan Founding Alliance, an RSF ally, which blamed the Sudanese Armed Forces. Radio Dabanga said it had approached the army for comment.","source":{"name":"Radio Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-founding-alliance-tasees-claims-21-civilians-killed-in-west-kordofan-airstrikes"},"places":[{"name":"El Odaiya","lon":28.22,"lat":12.04}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"A drone attack on Amiet Market in the disputed Abyei region killed at least 153 people, according to Abyei's caretaker information minister, who blamed Sudan's military. A senior Sudanese officer told the Associated Press, anonymously, that the army struck fuel tankers bound for the RSF and that those killed were RSF members and fuel smugglers. South Sudan summoned Sudan's ambassador.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/21/drone-attack-in-disputed-sudan-south-sudan-border-region-kills-at-least-153"},"places":[{"name":"Abyei","lon":28.4,"lat":9.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"A drone attack hit Nyala, capital of South Darfur and an RSF stronghold, early on Monday, killing 17 people, including seven RSF officers, and wounding 23, medical and RSF sources said, according to Al Jazeera.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/19/160-reported-killed-in-escalating-drone-attacks-across-sudan"},"places":[{"name":"Nyala","lon":24.88,"lat":12.05}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"A drone strike on Ed Daein, capital of East Darfur, killed 19 civilians and injured 21, the Sudan Founding Alliance said, attributing it to the Sudanese army and saying a restaurant was hit. Sources close to the army said the strike targeted Ed Daein prison and military facilities.","source":{"name":"Radio Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-war-drones-rain-death-on-khartoum-darfur-kordofan-blue-nile"},"places":[{"name":"Ed Daein","lon":26.13,"lat":11.46}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"A drone strike near Khartoum airport on Monday killed four people, including three children, AFP reported, quoting a medical source. A military source told AFP that air defences in the capital had downed several other drones launched by the RSF towards the airport.","source":{"name":"BBC","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cr3el70jz1nqo"},"places":[{"name":"Khartoum","lon":32.55,"lat":15.59}]},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Drone strikes in two areas of West Kordofan on Sunday evening killed 150 people, sources told the Sudan War Observatory, which said a truck carrying around 200 mourners was hit as it arrived in Al-Dabab and a market in Al-Mujlad was bombed. The army has not responded to the allegation that it carried them out.","source":{"name":"BBC","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cr3el70jz1nqo"},"places":[{"name":"Al-Mujlad","lon":27.75,"lat":11.03},{"name":"West Kordofan","lon":28.5,"lat":12,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"An attack on a displacement camp in the Hajar Sanakit area of Sirba locality, West Darfur, killed at least 11 people and injured five on Saturday, Babiker Hamdeen, health minister of the Darfur Regional Government, said, accusing the RSF. Most casualties were women and children. The RSF did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/rsf-attack-kills-11-at-displacement-camp-in-sudan-s-west-darfur-official/4092951"},"places":[{"name":"West Darfur","lon":22.7,"lat":13.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"A drone strike on a livestock market in Nyala, capital of South Darfur, killed 30 people and wounded 47, a medical source said. The RSF, which controls the city, blamed the Sudanese army. The army said it had struck RSF command centres and positions in Nyala and did not address civilian casualties.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/at-least-30-killed-in-drone-strike-in-nyala-south-darfur"},"places":[{"name":"Nyala","lon":24.88,"lat":12.05}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"The United States told the United Nations Security Council that it wants a humanitarian truce in Sudan and an expanded arms embargo and sanctions. U.S. Ambassador Jeff Bartos said a truce should be paired with an inclusive political process leading to civilian-led governance.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/us-presses-sudan-for-humanitarian-truce"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"The Sudanese army captured the Bir Kelekel area, in the eastern part of Jebel Moon district in West Darfur, after clashes with the RSF, the state's governor, Bahr al-Din Adam Karama, said on Wednesday. The RSF could not immediately be reached for comment.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/sudanese-army-announces-capture-of-strategic-area-in-west-darfur"},"places":[{"name":"West Darfur","lon":22.7,"lat":13.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) said in an alert on Monday that the risk of famine was growing in parts of Greater Darfur and Greater Kordofan. In Greater Darfur, 13 of 17 nutrition surveys since January recorded critical levels of acute malnutrition, it said.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/darfur-and-kordofan-face-rising-famine-risk-ipc-warns"}},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Army chief Abdelfattah El Burhan ordered a fact-finding committee, including representatives of the Public Prosecution, to investigate the deaths of Sudanese miners near the Egyptian border, the Sovereignty Council said. The Sudan Doctors Network reported 13 deaths and Emergency Lawyers at least 72.","source":{"name":"Radio Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/el-burhan-orders-investigation-into-deaths-of-sudanese-miners-near-egyptian-border"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"Artillery shelling of Kadugli, capital of South Kordofan, killed a mother and her three children, the Sudan Doctors Network said, attributing it to the SPLM-N led by Abdul-Aziz al-Hilu, an RSF ally. SPLM-N officials in the state could not immediately be reached.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/mother-three-children-killed-in-kadugli-shelling"},"places":[{"name":"Kadugli","lon":29.72,"lat":11.01}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"At least 72 artisanal miners were killed in an airstrike in northern Sudan, the rights monitor Emergency Lawyers said, blaming the Egyptian air force; Reuters could not verify the claim, and the Egyptian military did not comment.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/11/at-least-72-sudanese-artisanal-miners-killed-in-strike-on-saturday-rights-monitor-says"}},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"A drone strike on a displacement camp in the Abu Shandi area of Wad Al-Mahi locality, Blue Nile, killed at least 31 civilians, four of them children, and injured 19, the Sudan Doctors Network said, holding the RSF responsible. The RSF did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/rsf-drone-strike-kills-31-civilians-at-displacement-camp-in-sudan-medical-group/4083922"},"places":[{"name":"Abu Shandi","lon":34.7,"lat":11.35}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"The UN Security Council unanimously renewed its Sudan sanctions regime, targeted sanctions and an arms embargo, for two months until 11 December. A US effort to extend the embargo to the whole of Sudan and all parties to the war failed to win consensus, according to news reports cited by UN News.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168556"}},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Drone strikes on Ed Damazin, capital of Blue Nile state, killed four women in the El Hijra neighbourhood and hit a mosque, a technical college and the home of the state finance minister, Radio Dabanga reported. The Blue Nile Civil Society Initiative blamed the RSF and its allies.","source":{"name":"Radio Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-war-four-women-killed-in-drone-strikes-on-ed-damazin-blue-nile"},"places":[{"name":"Ed Damazin","lon":34.37,"lat":11.81}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan ruled out negotiations with the RSF, saying during a visit to Merowe locality in Northern State that the armed forces would pursue 'the option of military victory' until all national territory was cleared of the rebellion.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/sudans-burhan-rules-out-talks-with-rsf"}},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Dar Hamar Emergency Committee, a local relief group, said on 6 October that RSF forces had attacked Abu Ajal village in the south-eastern countryside of En Nahud, West Kordofan, killing more than 10 civilians and injuring a large number of residents.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/at-least-10-civilians-killed-in-rsf-attack-in-sudan-s-west-kordofan-relief-group-says/4079879"},"places":[{"name":"En Nahud","lon":28.4,"lat":12.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"The International Organization for Migration said 1,770 more people (354 households) were displaced from villages in Wad al-Mahi locality, Blue Nile, on 5 October, moving to Al-Roseires locality, bringing the number displaced from the locality's villages over three days to 5,525.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/1-770-more-people-displaced-in-sudan-s-blue-nile-state-un-migration-agency/4080175"},"places":[{"name":"Wad al-Mahi","lon":34.6,"lat":11.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"The UN Human Rights Council voted 28 to 10, with nine abstentions, to extend its Sudan fact-finding mission by a year, condemned indiscriminate drone strikes and attacks on civilians, and called for an immediate and complete ceasefire without preconditions. Sudan had urged states to vote against the resolution.","source":{"name":"AFP via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/middle-east/un-rights-council-condemns-drone-strikes-plaguing-sudan-3004781"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"A drone strike on a passenger vehicle in El Geneina, West Darfur, early on 4 October killed more than 10 civilians and wounded at least 17, the head of the state's civil administration, aligned with the RSF-backed Tasis alliance, told Radio Tamazuj, blaming the army, which could not be reached.","source":{"name":"Radio Tamazuj","url":"https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/more-than-10-civilians-killed-in-west-darfur-drone-strike"},"places":[{"name":"El Geneina","lon":22.45,"lat":13.44}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan joined the leaders of Egypt, Eritrea and Somalia in a declaration at New Alamein, Egypt, that backed Sudan's military-led government and called for a political process led by Sudanese parties.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/5/four-african-leaders-issue-joint-declaration-as-ethiopia-war-escalates"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"The Sudan Doctors Network said on 3 October that RSF fighters had killed more than 25 civilians in the Umm Badr area of North Kordofan, citing a video it said showed RSF members executing civilians accused of siding with the army; the RSF did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/rsf-attack-in-sudan-killed-more-than-25-civilians-in-north-kordofan-says-medical-group/4076923"},"places":[{"name":"Umm Badr","lon":27.9,"lat":14.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"The International Organization for Migration said its field teams estimated that 2,800 people (560 households) had been displaced from 10 villages in Wad al-Mahi locality, Blue Nile, on 3 October amid deteriorating security, moving to Al-Roseires locality.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/insecurity-displaces-2-800-people-in-single-day-in-sudan-s-blue-nile-un-migration-agency/4077771"},"places":[{"name":"Wad al-Mahi","lon":34.6,"lat":11.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"An aerial attack hit two WFP-contracted trucks carrying food from Dilling to Kadugli in South Kordofan, killing one driver; WFP called for an impartial investigation.","source":{"name":"WFP via ReliefWeb","url":"https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/wfp-strongly-condemns-attack-trucks-south-kordofan-killing-one-driver"},"places":[{"name":"South Kordofan","lon":31,"lat":11,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"The RSF-aligned Tasees Alliance said it had taken areas of Roseires locality north-east of Ed Damazin in Blue Nile and captured a large number of soldiers; the army said it had repelled the attack.","source":{"name":"Radio Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-war-fighting-on-ethiopian-border-drone-attacks-on-ed-damazin"},"places":[{"name":"Roseires","lon":34.4,"lat":11.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"RSF drone strikes on residential neighbourhoods of Dilling, South Kordofan, killed four civilians, including a child and a woman, the Sudan Doctors Network said.","source":{"name":"Radio Dabanga","url":"https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-doctors-network-four-civilians-killed-in-rsf-drone-attacks-on-south-kordofan"},"places":[{"name":"Dilling","lon":29.65,"lat":12.04}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"The army said it had taken al-Mazroub in North Kordofan after fierce battles; an army source called it the RSF's largest stronghold in the state.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera and Anadolu","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/2/sudans-army-says-it-captured-rsf-stronghold-in-north-kordofan"},"places":[{"name":"al-Mazroub","lon":29.32,"lat":13.9}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"A drone hit a centre sheltering displaced families in El Obeid, killing five people and injuring 13, a North Kordofan official and a hospital source told AFP; the official blamed the RSF, which did not immediately respond.","source":{"name":"AFP via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/middle-east/drone-strikes-on-dormitory-shelter-kill-10-in-sudans-el-obeid-3004303"},"places":[{"name":"El Obeid","lon":30.22,"lat":13.18}]},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"A drone struck a University of Kordofan dormitory housing students and civilians in El Obeid, killing five people and wounding 47, according to the Emergency Lawyers group, which did not say who was responsible.","source":{"name":"AFP via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/middle-east/drone-strikes-on-dormitory-shelter-kill-10-in-sudans-el-obeid-3004303"},"places":[{"name":"El Obeid","lon":30.22,"lat":13.18}]},{"date":"2026-09-26","text":"Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan said the army's goal was to eliminate the RSF 'no matter how long it takes' and that he did not want a visa from any country. His government had rejected the US truce proposal, saying it would let the RSF regroup.","source":{"name":"AFP via Free Malaysia Today","url":"https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/world/2026/09/27/strikes-hit-sudan-cities-as-army-chief-remains-defiant-after-us-visa-snub"}},{"date":"2026-09-22","text":"The United States made Burhan's visa for the UN General Assembly conditional on accepting a 90-day ceasefire proposed by its adviser Massad Boulos, diplomatic sources told Reuters.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/middle-east/us-ties-sudanese-army-leaders-un-visa-to-ceasefire-plan-sources-say-3002714"}},{"date":"2026-07-27","text":"ACLED reported that the army had seized Bara, Um Sayala and Gebrat al-Sheikh north of El Obeid, opening a supply corridor to Khartoum.","source":{"name":"ACLED","url":"https://acleddata.com/expert-comment/does-capture-bara-signal-turning-point-saf"},"places":[{"name":"Bara","lon":30.37,"lat":13.7},{"name":"Um Sayala","lon":31.14,"lat":14.39},{"name":"Gebrat al-Sheikh","lon":31.25,"lat":15.08}]},{"date":"2026-07-08","text":"The UN Fact-Finding Mission for Sudan concluded that the RSF committed genocide in El Fasher through mass killings, gang rapes and deliberate starvation; the RSF has denied such abuses.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera and Reuters","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/7/9/un-probe-finds-mass-killings-gang-rapes-by-sudans-rsf-amount-to-genocide"}},{"date":"2026-05-15","text":"The latest IPC analysis found about 19.5 million people in crisis-level food insecurity or worse and no area currently in famine, but 14 areas at risk of famine, FAO, WFP and UNICEF said.","source":{"name":"FAO, WFP and UNICEF","url":"https://www.fao.org/newsroom/detail/risk-of-famine-persists-as-nearly-19.5-million-people-face-acute-food-insecurity-in-sudan/en"}},{"date":"2026-02-03","text":"Burhan said the army had reopened the road to Kadugli, the besieged capital of South Kordofan, a week after a similar breakthrough at Dilling.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/sudan-s-burhan-says-army-breaks-rsf-siege-on-south-kordofan-s-capital-city/3819070"},"places":[{"name":"Kadugli","lon":29.72,"lat":11.01}]}],"parties":[{"id":"saf","name":"Sudanese Armed Forces","iso2":"SD","kind":"state","role":"The state's armed forces, one of the two principal parties to the fighting."},{"id":"rsf","name":"Rapid Support Forces","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"A paramilitary force that grew out of state-aligned militias and is the other principal party to the fighting."},{"id":"splmn","name":"SPLM-N (al-Hilu faction)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Abdel Aziz al-Hilu's armed movement in South Kordofan and Blue Nile, aligned with the RSF in the Sudan Founding Alliance and its parallel government."}],"fatalities":{"low":45713,"high":124940,"asOf":"2026-09-28","countedFrom":"2023-04-15","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 2,256 individually sourced incidents since 15 Apr 2023: a best estimate of 101,222, 76,162 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 4,229 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Independent researchers have estimated total excess deaths, including from starvation and collapsed health care, at a large multiple of the directly recorded toll. Those indirect deaths are not counted here because no incident-level record of them exists.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"45,713–124,940 (best estimate 101,222)","asOf":"2026-09-28","note":"2,256 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."}]},"displaced":{"value":12900343,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Sudan at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 9,139,309 displaced inside the country and 3,761,034 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Sudan, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=SUD","figure":"9,139,309 internally displaced; 3,761,034 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."},{"name":"IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix, Sudan displacement and return snapshot (9)","url":"https://dtm.iom.int/reports/dtm-sudan-displacement-and-return-snapshot-9","figure":"8,583,274 internally displaced; 5,145,165 returned","asOf":"2026-08-26","note":"People displaced inside Sudan only, collected 1 to 26 August 2026 and published 20 September. A different series from UNHCR's figure above, which also counts refugees abroad and runs to the end of 2025; the two are not added."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"OCHA Humanitarian Data Exchange (HAPI)","url":"https://hapi.humdata.org/","provides":"Displacement, food-security and humanitarian-needs figures normalised across UN sources."},{"name":"IPC (Integrated Food Security Phase Classification)","url":"https://www.ipcinfo.org/","provides":"The multi-agency standard for classifying famine and acute food insecurity."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"45k–125k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[1333,734,861,1761,1107,968,3214,2049,373,1140,1055,756,33239,19366,10146,976,385,946,428,370,273,320,254,277],"recent":851,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"israel-palestine","warWatchSlugs":["international-armed-conflict-between-israel-and-palestine","non-international-armed-conflict-between-israel-and-hamas","non-international-armed-conflict-between-israel-and-the-palestinian-islamic-jihad"],"name":"Israel and the Palestinian territories","shortName":"Israel-Palestine","nameNote":"Almost every term here is contested, including the name of the conflict, the status of the territories and the names of the parties. Blackwing uses the geographic descriptor and attributes every figure to the body that published it. Note that UCDP codes incidents in Gaza, the West Bank and Israel under the single country label 'Israel', so its aggregate spans all three; the Gaza-specific figures below come from a separate source with a different basis.","region":"Middle East","status":"ceasefire","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"The Geneva Academy classifies several situations simultaneously in this one theatre: an international armed conflict between Israel and Palestine, separate non-international armed conflicts between Israel and Hamas and between Israel and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, and a military occupation. Which body of law applies to which part of it is itself the subject of formal legal dispute.","startDate":"2023-10-07","bbox":[34.23,30.5,35.75,33.21],"center":[34.4,31.45],"summary":"Hamas-led attacks on southern Israel on 7 October 2023 killed roughly 1,200 people and took about 250 hostages, and Israel's subsequent military campaign in Gaza has produced one of the highest recorded civilian death tolls of any conflict in this record. Fighting has also extended to the occupied West Bank and, at points, to Lebanon, Yemen and Iran. A ceasefire took effect in October 2025 and its second phase began in January 2026, after which the last hostage's remains were returned, but its core has stalled: Hamas's disarmament and Israel's withdrawal. Israeli forces aim to hold 70 per cent of Gaza, the UN said in October. Deaths continue at a reduced rate, more than 1,500 in Gaza since the ceasefire by the Ministry of Health's count. Gaza's casualty figures are the most publicly contested of any conflict tracked here, so several counts with different bases are shown side by side.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"The Israeli military withdrew from Hebron on Monday after a 10-day operation that the UN says displaced more than 3,000 people in the city, Reuters reported. Palestinians returned to damaged homes. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had ordered the operation after gunmen killed two Israeli soldiers at a Hebron checkpoint on 23 October.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/11/displaced-palestinians-return-damaged-hebron-quarter-israeli-troops-withdraw"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"Al Jazeera reported that an Israeli drone attack killed five Palestinian police officers in al-Mawasi, west of Khan Younis. The Palestinian Ministry of Interior and National Security said at least 75 police officers and security personnel have been killed since the ceasefire began. The Israeli army said it was targeting 'a terrorist'.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/11/1/at-least-eight-palestinians-killed-in-israeli-attacks-across-gaza"},"places":[{"name":"al-Mawasi","lon":34.27,"lat":31.36}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Israeli forces blew up the homes of brothers Ahmad and Hammouda al-Jaabeh, who killed two Israeli soldiers near Hebron on 23 October, Al Jazeera reported. Its correspondent said troops detained at least 12 Palestinians who approached the site afterwards. The Hebron offensive was then in its eighth day.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/30/israel-demolishes-homes-of-palestinians-blamed-for-attack-on-soldiers"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"The UN human rights office (OHCHR) said Israeli forces had expanded westward over two weeks, displacing Palestinians in Shujayea, eastern Bureij and eastern Deir el-Balah, and continued a stated aim of enlarging their deployment area to 70 percent of Gaza. It said the forces appeared to treat the yellow line as a 'kill zone'.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/30/ethnic-cleansing-fears-rise-as-israel-squeezes-space-in-gaza-un"},"places":[{"name":"Shujayea","lon":34.47,"lat":31.5},{"name":"Bureij","lon":34.4,"lat":31.44},{"name":"Deir el-Balah","lon":34.35,"lat":31.42}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Israeli forces raided the Jilada and Ain Deir Baha neighborhoods of Hebron for an eighth consecutive day on Friday and forced dozens of Palestinians in Ain Deir Baha to evacuate their homes, local sources told Anadolu. The Palestinian Prisoners' Society said the army had arrested 110 Palestinians in the governorate since the offensive began.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-army-continues-incursions-in-hebron-for-8th-consecutive-day-amid-tightened-restrictions/4106005"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"At least two Palestinians were injured early on Friday when an Israeli helicopter fired a missile at an apartment in the Sheikh Radwan neighborhood of Gaza City, medical and local sources told Anadolu. Gaza's Health Ministry said 1,574 Palestinians had been killed and 5,687 wounded by Israeli fire since the ceasefire, as of Thursday.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/2-palestinians-wounded-as-israeli-attacks-continue-in-gaza-despite-ceasefire/4105670"},"places":[{"name":"Sheikh Radwan","lon":34.47,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"UN spokesperson Shirin Yaseen said about 3,000 Palestinians remained displaced from two neighborhoods in Hebron city, citing the latest municipality figures, and that Israeli forces were still blocking the way in and imposing tight movement restrictions across the governorate, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/un-says-israeli-operations-in-occupied-west-bank-disrupt-palestinians-access-to-livelihoods/4105407"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Israeli airstrikes destroyed a home in the Safatawi neighborhood north of Gaza City and a five-story residential building in the Bureij refugee camp late on Thursday, after evacuation warnings, displacing dozens of families, sources and witnesses told Anadolu. No deaths or injuries were reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-strikes-destroy-2-homes-in-gaza-displacing-dozens-of-families/4105491"},"places":[{"name":"Bureij refugee camp","lon":34.4,"lat":31.44}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"UN aid transport into Gaza was suspended on Tuesday after Israel closed the Kerem Shalom crossing for election day, UN News reported. UNOPS reported three incidents affecting its convoys and premises over three consecutive days, including close-proximity explosions and small-arms rounds striking one of its guesthouses.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168685"},"places":[{"name":"Kerem Shalom","lon":34.28,"lat":31.23}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"The Hebron municipality said 4,969 Palestinians from 780 families had been displaced from the Deir Bahha and Al-Jilda areas since the Israeli military campaign began on Friday, Anadolu reported. The army has kept all entrances to Hebron and surrounding villages shut since a shooting attack that killed two Israeli soldiers.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/thousands-displaced-as-israeli-army-continues-offensive-in-west-bank-s-hebron/4102117"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"A UN commission of inquiry on the occupied Palestinian territory published a report accusing Israel of crimes against humanity in the West Bank, including extermination, torture and rape, and of continuing to commit genocide in Gaza. Israel's mission in Geneva called the report part of a 'misinformation campaign'.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AFP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/26/israel-committing-crimes-against-humanity-in-occupied-west-bank-un"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"An Israeli air attack on a camp for displaced people in al-Mawasi, west of Khan Younis, killed at least four Palestinians, medical sources and first responders said. Nasser Hospital identified three of the dead, including seven-year-old Jouri al-Soufi, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/26/israeli-forces-kill-at-least-five-people-in-gaza-including-7-year-old-girl"},"places":[{"name":"Khan Younis","lon":34.3,"lat":31.35}]},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"Gaza's Ministry of Public Works and Housing said Israeli quadcopter drones set a camp for displaced people ablaze at the Shujayea junction at about 8pm, displacing more than 200 families, or over 800 people, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/26/israeli-forces-kill-at-least-five-people-in-gaza-including-7-year-old-girl"},"places":[{"name":"Shujayea","lon":34.47,"lat":31.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"Two Israeli strikes hit students and security guards at the Islamic University in Gaza City, killing three people and injuring at least seven others, according to Al Jazeera's reporter Hani Mahmoud.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/video/newsfeed/2026/10/25/israeli-air-strike-on-gaza-city-university-kills-three-people"},"places":[{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"The Hebron municipality said Israeli forces had forced about 1,500 Palestinians from 250 families out of the Deir Bahha and al-Jilda neighborhoods since Friday and planned to displace 2,500 more, Anadolu reported. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on Friday that his army was preparing a large-scale offensive in the occupied West Bank.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-army-forces-1-500-palestinians-from-homes-in-west-bank-s-hebron-plans-to-displace-2-500-more-municipality/4099746"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"Two Palestinians fired at an Israeli checkpoint near Hebron on Friday. Both attackers and two Israeli soldiers were killed, and three other soldiers were wounded, according to Israeli figures, Anadolu reported. The army then imposed a closure on Hebron, with raids and searches of homes.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-army-forces-1-500-palestinians-from-homes-in-west-bank-s-hebron-plans-to-displace-2-500-more-municipality/4099746"},"places":[{"name":"Hebron","lon":35.09,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Israeli attacks across Gaza killed four Palestinians in 24 hours, according to Gaza hospitals, Al Jazeera reported, including a girl shot near the Jabalia refugee camp, Wafa said, and one person in a strike on a vehicle in Gaza City's Tal al-Hawa neighbourhood.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/22/israeli-attacks-in-gaza-kill-four-including-a-young-girl"},"places":[{"name":"Jabalia refugee camp","lon":34.48,"lat":31.53},{"name":"Tal al-Hawa","lon":34.43,"lat":31.5}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Israeli military bulldozers demolished buildings in the al-Wad area near Qalandiya refugee camp, north of Jerusalem, and assaulted residents, the Jerusalem Governorate said, WAFA reported.","source":{"name":"WAFA","url":"https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/176141"},"places":[{"name":"Qalandiya","lon":35.21,"lat":31.86}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"An Israeli air strike on an apartment in Gaza City killed Akram Yassin and his wife Dina Abu Baker, medics said. A 17-year-old boy was killed by Israeli gunfire in Khan Younis. Gaza health authorities put the toll since the October 2025 ceasefire at 1,522 killed.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/20/israeli-forces-kill-at-least-four-palestinians-in-gaza-strikes"},"places":[{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51},{"name":"Khan Younis","lon":34.3,"lat":31.35}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"The World Food Programme said it had cut its food assistance in Gaza by roughly one third because of funding shortages, affecting some 500,000 people. It said it was now supporting 1.1 million people, down from 1.6 million in September, and families would receive one food parcel instead of two.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168622"}},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"Israeli police said they had arrested 10 suspects early on Monday over settler attacks in the occupied West Bank over the weekend, including on Washington Post photojournalist Heidi Levine at Abu Falah and on European diplomats at Taybeh. Israel's Army Radio said all were Israeli citizens.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/19/israeli-police-arrest-10-after-settler-attacks-on-journalist-diplomats"}},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Israeli settlers attacked Palestinian civilians, European diplomats and a French mayor near Taybeh in the occupied West Bank, Belgium's foreign minister said. Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar condemned the attack and called the perpetrators Israeli rioters, Reuters reported.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/israeli-settlers-attack-palestinians-european-diplomats-west-bank-belgium-says"},"places":[{"name":"Taybeh","lon":35.3,"lat":31.95}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Israeli drone attacks killed at least six Palestinians across Gaza, medical and emergency workers said, including near Jabalia refugee camp, in eastern Gaza City and in Deir el-Balah. Gaza's Health Ministry said 1,511 Palestinians had been killed and 5,375 injured since the October 2025 ceasefire.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/17/israeli-drone-attacks-kill-six-palestinians-across-gaza-despite-ceasefire"},"places":[{"name":"Jabalia","lon":34.48,"lat":31.53},{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51},{"name":"Deir el-Balah","lon":34.35,"lat":31.42}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Masked Israeli settlers attacked Palestinian olive harvesters near Abu Falah, northeast of Ramallah. Washington Post photographer Heidi Levine, 64, was hospitalized in Ramallah after she said they knocked her down and kicked her. The Palestine Red Crescent Society said it treated three injured Palestinians.","source":{"name":"Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/washington-post-journalist-hospitalized-after-israeli-settler-attack-west-bank"},"places":[{"name":"Abu Falah","lon":35.3,"lat":32.02}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Gaza's Health Ministry said at least 466 Palestinians have died of malnutrition and starvation since 2024, one-third of them children, in a statement for World Food Day. It said 74,200 children would need treatment for acute malnutrition through April 2027.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/16/gaza-malnutrition-and-starvation-at-catastrophic-levels-health-ministry"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Israeli shelling and gunfire killed five Palestinians in the Gaza Strip from dawn on Wednesday, WAFA reported, among them two men in a drone strike on a vehicle in Al-Qarara, north of Khan Yunis, and one man in Jabalia refugee camp.","source":{"name":"WAFA","url":"https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/175903"},"places":[{"name":"Al-Qarara","lon":34.34,"lat":31.38},{"name":"Jabalia refugee camp","lon":34.48,"lat":31.53}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Israeli settlers set fire to a mosque, an olive tree and a vehicle while raiding the village of Mikhmas in the occupied West Bank early on Wednesday, according to the Palestinian news agency Wafa, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/14/settlers-set-fire-to-mosque-in-west-bank-as-israeli-forces-raid-villages"},"places":[{"name":"Mikhmas","lon":35.28,"lat":31.87}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Israeli forces raided the offices of two Palestinian NGOs in Ramallah, the Union of Palestinian Women's Committees and the Addameer Prisoner Support and Human Rights Association, and the courtyard of the Palestine Medical Complex, Al Jazeera reported. Israel designated both groups as 'terrorist' organisations in 2021.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/13/israeli-forces-raid-palestinian-ngos-and-hospital-in-occupied-west-bank"},"places":[{"name":"Ramallah","lon":35.19,"lat":31.9}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Israeli military vehicles advanced tens of meters beyond their positions in the Shujaiya neighborhood of eastern Gaza City overnight, injuring two Palestinians and forcing dozens of families to flee, local sources told Anadolu. Later that day an Israeli drone strike on a tent near Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis killed three Palestinians, medical sources said.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-strike-kills-3-palestinians-in-southern-gaza-despite-ceasefire/4085496"},"places":[{"name":"Shujaiya","lon":34.47,"lat":31.5},{"name":"Khan Younis","lon":34.3,"lat":31.35}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization approved postponing Palestinian legislative elections scheduled for 28 November 2026 to September 2027, citing the continued presence of Israeli forces in Gaza, the absence of international stabilization forces there and ongoing Israeli attacks, WAFA reported.","source":{"name":"WAFA","url":"https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/175700"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"On the first anniversary of the ceasefire, Israeli attacks killed at least eight people across Gaza, among them Shahd Abdul-Razzaq al-Najjar, 8, hit by a quadcopter drone in Gaza City, medical sources said. Gaza's Health Ministry said 1,481 people had been killed since the ceasefire took effect.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/10/israeli-forces-kill-six-in-gaza-including-a-child"},"places":[{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Ali Hassan Yasser al-Bazzari, 44, was killed and 16 others wounded when settlers under the protection of Israeli forces attacked Palestinians harvesting olives near Burqa, west of Nablus, in the occupied West Bank, the Palestinian Ministry of Health and other Palestinian authorities said.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/7/palestinian-killed-several-injured-in-israeli-pogrom-in-occupied-west-bank"},"places":[{"name":"Burqa","lon":35.19,"lat":32.3}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Israeli bulldozers demolished a five-storey residential building in the At-Tur neighbourhood of Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem, home to about 70 people; national security minister Itamar Ben Gvir said it was built without a permit, and the Palestinian Jerusalem Governorate said the demolition was aimed at forcible transfer, AFP reported.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322941-israel-demolishes-jerusalem-building-displacing-dozens-of-palestinians"},"places":[{"name":"At-Tur","lon":35.25,"lat":31.78}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Israeli fire killed three Palestinians in Gaza, medical sources said: one in a drone strike in central Gaza City, one on Aidiya Street west of Gaza City, and one who died of wounds from a strike in Khan Younis the day before. Gaza's Health Ministry said at least 1,460 people had been killed since the October 2025 ceasefire.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-fire-kills-2-gazans-injures-3-amid-ceasefire-violations/4079328"},"places":[{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Israeli troops opened fire on a car carrying three Palestinians near Bani Naim, east of Hebron, killing Hossam Alaa al-Din Abdul Jabbar Walad Ali, 38, and seriously injuring two, Palestinian officials said. The Israeli military said the car had rammed one of its vehicles.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/5/israeli-forces-kill-one-injure-several-in-occupied-west-bank"},"places":[{"name":"Bani Naim","lon":35.16,"lat":31.52}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Israeli forces shot dead six-year-old Suha Mohammed Nasser inside her family's displacement tent south of Deir al-Balah, and an Israeli drone strike on a vehicle in Gaza City killed Saqr al-Qaisi, medical sources said.","source":{"name":"WAFA","url":"https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/175429"},"places":[{"name":"Deir al-Balah","lon":34.35,"lat":31.42},{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Raafat Khairy Abu Khalil, 45, died while detained at the Israeli military checkpoint of Ennab, east of Tulkarm in the West Bank; the Red Crescent said medics found him in cardiac arrest.","source":{"name":"WAFA","url":"https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/175435"},"places":[{"name":"Tulkarm","lon":35.03,"lat":32.31}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"An Israeli air strike on an apartment building in Gaza City killed at least five people, including four women, health officials said. The Israeli military said it had targeted Hamas's leader in Gaza, Ali Al-Amoudi, without saying whether he was killed.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Arab News Pakistan","url":"https://www.arabnews.pk/middle-east/israeli-strike-kills-five-including-four-women-in-gaza-health-officials-say-3003064"},"places":[{"name":"Gaza City","lon":34.46,"lat":31.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"The World Health Organization said repeated Israeli delays to medicines and prosthetics entering Gaza risked devastating consequences; approved aid could enter only through Kerem Shalom.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168508"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Settlers shot dead a Palestinian man, Mashhour Yassin, 51, during a raid on Yasuf, north of Ramallah in the occupied West Bank, according to the Palestinian health ministry.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/1/israeli-drone-kills-palestinian-in-gaza-settlers-kill-another-in-west-bank"},"places":[{"name":"Yasuf","lon":35.24,"lat":32.11}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Gaza's Ministry of Health said 1,439 people had been killed since the ceasefire took effect in October 2025, and 834 bodies recovered from the rubble.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/1/israeli-drone-kills-palestinian-in-gaza-settlers-kill-another-in-west-bank"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Israeli strikes killed at least six Palestinians in Gaza, health officials said, including four in a strike on a vehicle in Gaza City's Tel al-Hawa neighbourhood.","source":{"name":"Reuters via The Irish Times","url":"https://www.irishtimes.com/world/middle-east/2026/09/30/israeli-strikes-kill-six-people-in-gaza-medics-say/"},"places":[{"name":"Tel al-Hawa","lon":34.43,"lat":31.5}]},{"date":"2026-08-09","text":"Prime Minister Netanyahu said Israel did not accept the Board of Peace document and that Israeli forces would not withdraw from Gaza until Hamas was disarmed, Haaretz reported.","source":{"name":"Haaretz","url":"https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/israel-security/2026-08-09/ty-article/netanyahu-rejects-u-s-gaza-peace-plan-idf-wont-withdraw-until-hamas-disarms/0000019f-e66a-deab-afdf-eeef9d580000"}},{"date":"2026-07-30","text":"Hamas and other Palestinian factions agreed to a Board of Peace document setting out a phased plan for their disarmament in Gaza; the board's envoy said Israeli withdrawal must move in lockstep with decommissioning.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/7/30/trump-says-board-of-peace-reaches-agreement-on-disarmament-of-hamas-in-gaza"}},{"date":"2026-02-02","text":"The Rafah crossing between Gaza and Egypt reopened for limited movement of people; no goods were allowed through.","source":{"name":"AP via OPB","url":"https://www.opb.org/article/2026/02/02/gaza-s-rafah-border-crossing-with-egypt-reopens/"},"places":[{"name":"Rafah","lon":34.25,"lat":31.24}]},{"date":"2026-01-26","text":"The Israeli military said it had recovered the remains of Ran Gvili, the last hostage held in Gaza.","source":{"name":"CNN","url":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/26/middleeast/last-hostage-gaza-recovered-israel-intl"}},{"date":"2026-01-14","text":"US envoy Steve Witkoff announced the launch of phase two of the US plan for Gaza, 'moving from ceasefire to demilitarization, technocratic governance, and reconstruction'.","source":{"name":"ABC News","url":"https://abcnews.com/International/gaza-peace-plan-moving-phase-middle-east-special/story?id=129210934"}}],"parties":[{"id":"il","name":"Israel","iso2":"IL","kind":"state","role":"Conducts military operations in Gaza and the occupied West Bank; the occupying power in the territories under international law."},{"id":"hamas","name":"Hamas","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"The armed group that led the 7 October 2023 attacks and that governed Gaza; a party to the hostilities."},{"id":"pij","name":"Palestinian Islamic Jihad","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"A second armed group operating in Gaza and a party to the hostilities."}],"fatalities":{"low":63780,"high":74609,"asOf":"2026-11-02","countedFrom":"2023-10-07","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 8,295 individually sourced incidents since 7 Oct 2023: a best estimate of 64,613, 31,583 of them coded as civilian. UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed, are 63,780 to 65,737 (to 30 Sep 2026). The headline range runs from that low to the Gaza Ministry of Health's 74,609 (Gaza alone, to 2 Nov 2026), the highest count any source here publishes. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 1,174 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. The two figures below count different things and are not reconcilable into one number. UCDP records incidents it can source across Israel, Gaza and the West Bank. The Gaza Ministry of Health count, mirrored by the open Palestine Datasets project, covers Gaza only and includes both combatants and civilians without distinguishing them. Independent academic work has variously assessed the Ministry figures as broadly reliable and as an undercount of total deaths.","confidence":"disputed","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"63,780–65,737 (best estimate 64,613)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"8,295 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."},{"name":"Gaza Ministry of Health, via Tech For Palestine Palestine Datasets","url":"https://data.techforpalestine.org/docs/datasets/","figure":"74,609 killed in Gaza; 175,872 injured","asOf":"2026-11-02","note":"Includes 20,179 children and 12,500 women. A separate register names 72,835 individual victims (deaths recorded to 7 May 2026). Recent rises include deaths recorded retroactively in batches. The dataset is released into the public domain."},{"name":"Tech For Palestine, West Bank record","url":"https://data.techforpalestine.org/docs/datasets/","figure":"1,129 killed in the West Bank","asOf":"2026-11-02","note":"Counted separately from Gaza, including 240 children."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"Palestine Datasets (Tech For Palestine)","url":"https://data.techforpalestine.org/","provides":"Daily Gaza and West Bank casualty series plus a named-victim register, mirroring Gaza Ministry of Health releases.","license":"Public domain"},{"name":"UN OCHA occupied Palestinian territory","url":"https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-report-25-september-2026","provides":"Humanitarian situation reporting, displacement and access data, including the casualty count since the October 2025 ceasefire."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"63k–75k","qualifier":"disputed","confidence":"disputed","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Ceasefire","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[2071,1447,1379,946,76,1096,1297,2108,1930,2471,1712,2036,664,130,67,160,120,96,133,124,129,179,103,130],"recent":412,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"dr-congo","warWatchSlugs":["international-armed-conflict-between-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-its-support-forces-and-rwanda","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-democratic-forces-for-the-liberation-of-rwanda-fdlr-and-the-march-23-movement-m23","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-its-support-forces-and-the-allied-democratic-forces","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-its-support-forces-and-the-cooperative-for-the-developments-of-the-congo","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-cooperative-for-the-developments-of-the-congo-codego-and-the-uganda-peoples-defence-force-updf","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-cooperative-for-the-developments-of-the-congo-codeco-and-zaire"],"name":"Armed conflicts in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo","shortName":"DR Congo","region":"Africa","status":"active","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"Legally this is two things at once, and the distinction matters. The Geneva Academy classifies an INTERNATIONAL armed conflict between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, alongside several non-international armed conflicts between the state and armed groups including the Allied Democratic Forces and CODECO. Calling the whole thing an internal conflict would erase the interstate finding.","startDate":"1996","bbox":[12.4,-12.12,31.19,4.28],"center":[28.87,-0.27],"summary":"The eastern provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo host one of the world's most persistent and most fragmented armed conflicts, involving over a hundred armed groups. The M23 offensive from 2021 onward, and its capture of Goma and Bukavu in 2025, marked a significant escalation. A ceasefire between the government and AFC/M23 signed in Doha in July 2025, and accords between the DRC and Rwanda signed in Washington in December 2025, have not stopped the fighting. Roughly two-thirds of recorded deaths are coded as civilian.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"Fighters of the FRN, who control Kuwamabuye in Fizi territory, repelled an army attack overnight from Sunday to Monday, Kivu Morning Post reported. The army had claimed on Sunday evening to have retaken Natulonge, Kabanja, Bisakara and Kuwamabuye. An FRN spokesman in the Minembwe region denied it.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/11/02/fizi-les-forces-du-frn-repoussent-une-offensive-des-fardc-a-kuwamabuye/"},"places":[{"name":"Fizi","lon":28.9,"lat":-4.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Wazalendo militiamen launched an offensive against FRN positions on the Burubi hills, near Muhanga between Kibati and Kashebere, in Walikale territory, from early morning, ACTUALITE.CD sources said. The sound of heavy and light weapons was heard, moving closer to Kashebere, where activity was paralysed.","source":{"name":"ACTUALITE.CD","url":"https://actualite.cd/index.php/2026/10/30/walikale-des-combats-signales-depuis-tot-le-matin-sur-les-collines-de-burubi-pres-de"},"places":[{"name":"Kashebere","lon":28.67,"lat":-1.31},{"name":"Walikale","lon":28,"lat":-1.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Some 10 fighters of the Convention pour la révolution populaire (CRP) attacked an army position at Bule-centre, in Djugu territory, Ituri, in the morning, security sources said. One soldier and three CRP fighters were killed and 7 fighters were seriously wounded.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/30/djugu-quatre-morts-dans-une-attaque-de-la-crp-a-bule-centre/"},"places":[{"name":"Bule-centre","lon":30.61,"lat":1.91},{"name":"Djugu","lon":30.4,"lat":1.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"ADF fighters took control of Makumo, in Bapere sector, Lubero territory, after attacks the day before, according to Samuel Kakule Kagheni, president of the Bapere sector civil society, who said the fighting caused a mass displacement of residents.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/29/lubero-les-adf-prennent-le-controle-de-makumo/"},"places":[{"name":"Lubero","lon":28.8,"lat":-0.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"The US imposed sanctions on Rwanda's ministry of defense and on Zigama Credit and Savings Society, a Rwandan financial institution the Treasury said operates on behalf of the country's security services. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said Rwanda must halt its support for M23 and withdraw its troops from eastern DRC. Rwanda denies backing the rebels, Reuters reported.","source":{"name":"Reuters (via Internazionale)","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/28/us-imposes-sanctions-on-rwanda-s-ministry-of-defense"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"The latest situation report from Congo's public health institute put confirmed Ebola cases at 10,060 and deaths at 4,887, government data showed on Tuesday, according to Reuters. The outbreak was announced in mid-May.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/27/congo-s-ebola-infections-surpass-10-000-government-says"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Fighting resumed on Tuesday at Luola and on the strategic Tchad hill, in Banakindi locality, Kisimba grouping, Walikale territory, after FRN rebels attacked positions held by the army and Wazalendo, ACTUALITE.CD sources said. Heavy weapons fire was reported near Pinga.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/27/walikale-reprise-des-affrontements-entre-larmee-et-le-frn-luola-et-sur-la-colline"},"places":[{"name":"Walikale","lon":28,"lat":-1.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"At least five people were killed in an attack on Kabizo, in Bwito chiefdom, Rutshuru territory, around 1:30 on Monday, said Euphrem Kabasha, the Rutshuru territory administrator under the FRN, who blamed the FDLR and Nyatura fighters of the CMC.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/26/rutshuru-cinq-civils-tues-dans-une-attaque-des-wazalendo-cmc/"},"places":[{"name":"Kabizo","lon":29.23,"lat":-1.16}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"FRN spokesman Colonel Fidèle Rugabo said FRN forces repelled a coordinated offensive on Rugezi, in the Minembwe region, and fighting continued around Gipimo, in Fizi territory. The FRN also accused Kinshasa of attacking Rugezi and Point Zéro overnight with kamikaze drones and heavy artillery.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/26/sud-kivu-le-frn-accuse-kinshasa-dattaques-a-minembwe-et-walungu/"},"places":[{"name":"Rugezi","lon":28.75,"lat":-4.13},{"name":"Minembwe","lon":28.7,"lat":-3.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"The army and allied Wazalendo attacked FRN positions on the Rushihe hill, above Katobo village in Walikale territory, on Saturday and took control of it, ACTUALITE.CD sources said. Residents of Katobo fled towards Ihula or into the forest.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/26/walikale-larmee-prend-le-controle-de-la-colline-strategique-de-rushihe-apres-des"},"places":[{"name":"Walikale","lon":28,"lat":-1.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Eight people are missing after kidnappings attributed to ADF-linked elements in the Babila Teturi grouping, Mambasa territory, Ituri, said Grâce Kakundo Kasamba of the Nouvelle Société civile congolaise. The latest, on Thursday 22 October, was a cocoa buyer of the company Esco Kivu, taken near the Etabe river at about 9:00.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/22/ituri-huit-personnes-enlevees-en-moins-de-deux-semaines-a-babila-teturi/"},"places":[{"name":"Mambasa","lon":28.8,"lat":1.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"The FRN said the army bombarded the Rugezi area, in the Minembwe region of South Kivu, with kamikaze drones and heavy artillery overnight from 21 to 22 October. FRN spokesman Lawrence Kanyuka said government forces were preparing a large-scale offensive, and the statement reported Burundian troops crossing the Ruzizi river.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/22/sud-kivu-le-frn-accuse-les-fardc-de-preparer-une-offensive-generalisee/"},"places":[{"name":"Rugezi","lon":28.8,"lat":-4.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Civil society sources said Wazalendo militiamen allied with the army attacked FRN positions from 5:00 on Wednesday at Kaniola centre, Nabishaka, Muhungu, Mwirama and Igurhu, with intense fighting continuing until midday. They said the clashes were concentrated in the Walungu and Uvira territories of South Kivu.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/21/sud-kivu-violents-combats-entre-le-frn-et-les-fardc-a-kaziba-et-kaniola/"},"places":[{"name":"Kaniola","lon":28.61,"lat":-2.59}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Journalist Laurent Vainqueur Muliro of Radio communautaire Walikale Amka was shot dead on Wednesday evening in an ambush attributed to suspected Wazalendo militiamen near Bitale, in Kalehe territory, South Kivu, ACTUALITE.CD reported. Two other people were killed and two seriously wounded, and travellers were robbed.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/23/est-de-la-rdc-un-journaliste-et-deux-autres-voyageurs-tues-sur-la-route-bukavu-walikale"},"places":[{"name":"Bitale","lon":28.66,"lat":-2.24}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"FRN fighters took control of Munanira and Bideka, in Uvira territory, South Kivu, and the army and its allies were driven from the area, civil society sources said. Fighting with heavy and light weapons had been reported since the morning, and panic was reported in the Ruzizi plain.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/20/sud-kivu-combats-intenses-entre-le-frn-et-les-fardc-a-mugobe-et-kamonyi/"},"places":[{"name":"Munanira","lon":28.93,"lat":-2.78}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"More than 12,000 households have fled fighting between FRN rebels and the army, backed by Wazalendo, in the Kaziba chiefdom, Walungu territory, South Kivu, local sources told ACTUALITE.CD. The clashes, which began on 12 October, entered their ninth consecutive day on Tuesday.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/21/sud-kivu-plus-de-12-000-menages-de-kaziba-se-sont-deplaces-suite-aux-affrontements"},"places":[{"name":"Kaziba","lon":28.8,"lat":-2.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Heavy fighting between FRN rebels and the army, each backed by allies, was reported from 8:00 on Tuesday at Mugobe and other villages of the Itara-Luvungi grouping in the Ruzizi plain, South Kivu, ACTUALITE.CD sources said. It spread towards Rugobagoba, Kamonyi and Lubarika in Uvira territory, and some schools sent pupils home.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/20/rdc-les-rebelles-du-frn-et-larmee-saffrontent-dans-les-montagnes-de-luvungi-territoire"},"places":[{"name":"Itara-Luvungi","lon":29,"lat":-2.8,"area":true},{"name":"Kamonyi","lon":28.97,"lat":-2.77}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Four farmers were killed in an ambush attributed to CODECO militiamen in the Dhendro grouping, Djugu territory, Ituri, on Saturday, civil society representative Germain Dhetsina said in a statement on Monday. Civil society called for a joint patrol by the army, MONUSCO and the Ugandan army.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/19/ituri-quatre-cultivateurs-tues-dans-une-embuscade-armee-a-dhendro/"},"places":[{"name":"Dhendro","lon":30.72,"lat":1.9}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"The army, backed by Wazalendo militias, and rebels of the Front pour la Refondation de la Nation (FRN) fought again at Kibati, in Walikale territory, North Kivu, from about 5:00, ACTUALITE.CD reported. Its sources said government forces and allies launched an offensive to retake the locality, which FRN fighters have held for more than two years.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/16/walikale-de-nouveaux-combats-eclatent-kibati-entre-larmee-et-le-frn"},"places":[{"name":"Kibati","lon":28.62,"lat":-1.29},{"name":"Walikale","lon":28,"lat":-1.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"FRN spokesman Lawrence Kanyuka said that from 1:00 government forces and allies, including the FDLR and elements of the national defence force of Burundi, shelled Rugezi and the Minembwe area with heavy artillery and kamikaze drones, and fired mortars near Buhimba and Mahanga. Local sources reported intense fighting in Masisi territory.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/16/rdc-violents-combats-entre-les-fardc-et-les-forces-du-frn-a-masisi-et-minembwe/"},"places":[{"name":"Rugezi","lon":28.75,"lat":-4.13},{"name":"Minembwe","lon":28.7,"lat":-3.9,"area":true},{"name":"Buhimba","lon":28.64,"lat":-1.34}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Ten people were killed overnight from 15 to 16 October in an attack attributed to ADF fighters on mining sites at Makimbilio, Biasiko and Makamanda, in Mambasa territory, Ituri, according to the APDEF Mambasa monitoring team. The toll awaits confirmation from security authorities.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/16/mambasa-10-morts-dans-une-nouvelle-attaque-attribuee-aux-adf-dans-des-carres-miniers"},"places":[{"name":"Mambasa","lon":28.8,"lat":1.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Three drivers, of Congolese, Kenyan and Somali nationality, were shot dead on Tuesday on the RN27 road in Djugu territory, Ituri, in reprisals after a man presented as a CODECO fighter was struck and killed by a vehicle, Walendu Djatsi sector chief Justin Gudza Kiza said. Traffic between Bunia and Mahagi was paralysed.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/14/ituri-trois-chauffeurs-tues-par-balles-sur-la-rn27-le-trafic-paralyse-entre-bunia-et"},"places":[{"name":"Djugu","lon":30.4,"lat":1.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"DR Congo's Health Ministry reported 9,066 confirmed Ebola cases and 4,381 deaths in the outbreak, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/13/dr-congo-ebola-cases-pass-9000-as-efforts-to-curb-transmission-falter"}},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Eleven civilians were killed in an attack attributed to CODECO militiamen on Jissa, in Djugu territory, Ituri, overnight from 12 to 13 October, and the local health centre was burned and looted, according to Bahema-Nord civil society coordinator Charité Banza Bavi. The toll awaits independent confirmation.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/13/djugu-11-morts-dans-une-nouvelle-attaque-attribuee-la-codeco-un-centre-de-sante-incendie"},"places":[{"name":"Djugu","lon":30.4,"lat":1.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Twirwaneho fighters took Ruhuha and Rubarati in Uvira territory, South Kivu, on Monday after fierce fighting with the army, which is allied with Wazalendo and the Burundian army, Kivu Morning Post reported. Twirwaneho spokesman Colonel Fidèle Rugabo said both had fallen.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/12/uvira-le-twirwaneho-sempare-de-rubarati-et-ruhuha/"},"places":[{"name":"Ruhuha","lon":29.07,"lat":-3.22}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Former president Joseph Kabila launched a political and military coalition, the Front for the Refoundation of the Nation, that includes the M23 armed group, at a news conference in Goma on Monday, saying Corneille Nangaa would be a deputy. The DRC government did not immediately respond.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/13/former-dr-congo-president-kabila-joins-m23-rebels-in-a-new-coalition"}},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"An attack attributed to CODECO militiamen on the village of Maze in Djugu territory, Ituri, killed 11 people, mostly women and elderly people who had recently returned home, local sources told Radio Okapi. About a hundred civilians took refuge near the MONUSCO base at Drodro.","source":{"name":"Radio Okapi","url":"https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/10/10/actualite/securite/11-civils-tues-dans-une-attaque-attribuee-la-codeco-djugu"},"places":[{"name":"Maze","lon":30.56,"lat":1.8}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"Intense fighting between AFC/M23 and army-allied Wazalendo militias went on all day in the Ufamando grouping of Masisi territory, displacing residents towards Ngungu, and AFC/M23 pushed back Wazalendo fighters who had advanced to Mugasa, near Kibabi on the road to Rubaya, Kivu Morning Post reported, citing local sources.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/09/masisi-accalmie-sur-les-lignes-de-front/"},"places":[{"name":"Masisi","lon":28.9,"lat":-1.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Two civilians, one of them from the indigenous pygmy community, were killed in an incursion attributed to ADF fighters on Longela village in Mambasa territory, Ituri, according to the Nouvelle Société civile congolaise de Mambasa.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/08/mambasa-deux-civils-tues-dans-une-nouvelle-incursion-attribuee-aux-adf-a-longela/"},"places":[{"name":"Mambasa","lon":28.8,"lat":1.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Heavy fighting was reported between the Congolese army, backed by Wazalendo militias, and AFC/M23 at Kashovu, Burora, Kudepot and Katoyi in Masisi territory, North Kivu; local sources said the clashes caused mass displacement.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/06/masisi-violents-combats-sur-laxe-kasake-katoyi/"},"places":[{"name":"Masisi","lon":28.9,"lat":-1.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Three children drowned when a canoe capsized on the Ituri river as residents fled an attack attributed to ADF fighters in Basili chiefdom, Irumu territory, on the morning of 6 October; several houses, including the Bagalaba village chief's residence, were burned, local sources said.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/10/06/irumu-trois-enfants-meurent-noyes-en-fuyant-une-attaque-des-adf/"},"places":[{"name":"Irumu","lon":30,"lat":1.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Fresh clashes between the army, backed by Wazalendo groups, and AFC/M23 broke out in several parts of Masisi from early on 5 October, local sources said. Wazalendo fighters reportedly retook Nyakigano, Nkokwe and Kashovu near Kasake; Radio Okapi said control of the localities could not be independently established.","source":{"name":"Radio Okapi","url":"https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/10/05/actualite/securite/les-affrontements-sintensifient-masisi-les-wazalendo-revendiquent-de"},"places":[{"name":"Masisi","lon":28.9,"lat":-1.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"AFC/M23 political coordinator Corneille Nangaa received a delegation of the African Union's panel of facilitators in Goma for consultations on the peace process; it included former presidents Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya, Mokgweetsi Masisi of Botswana and Sahle-Work Zewde of Ethiopia.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/05/rdc-des-facilitateurs-de-lunion-africaine-recus-par-lafcm23-goma"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Six bodies were found at Nduye, in Mambasa territory, Ituri; local sources told Radio Okapi the victims were civilians believed killed in an ADF incursion inside the Okapi Wildlife Reserve early the previous week, an attack that also killed an ecoguard and burned a reserve sub-station.","source":{"name":"Radio Okapi","url":"https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/10/05/actualite/securite/mambasa-6-corps-de-civils-decouverts-nduye-apres-une-attaque-attribuee"},"places":[{"name":"Nduye","lon":29,"lat":1.83}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"Congolese troops and Wazalendo militias retook Remeka and nearby localities in Masisi territory from AFC/M23, local military sources told Radio Okapi. Remeka controls access to the rebel-held Rubaya mining centre.","source":{"name":"Radio Okapi","url":"https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/10/03/actualite/securite/masisi-remeka-et-plusieurs-localites-dufamandu-ier-reprises-par-les"},"places":[{"name":"Masisi","lon":28.9,"lat":-1.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"A military court in Uvira sentenced 27 soldiers to death for cowardice in the face of the enemy, after trying 112 who had fled clashes with AFC/M23 and its allies.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/04/rdc-27-militaires-condamnes-mort-uvira-pour-lachete-devant-lennemi"}},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"Government data showed an Ebola outbreak centred on Ituri had killed 4,018 people.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera, Reuters and AP","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/2/ebola-death-toll-surpasses-4000-as-dr-congo-struggles-to-suppress-outbreak"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Ituri's provincial government confirmed the permanent relocation of the Kigonze and ISP displacement sites in central Bunia, which held about 19,000 and 13,000 people, to the outskirts of the city.","source":{"name":"Radio Okapi","url":"https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/10/02/actualite/securite/les-autorites-de-lituri-delocalisent-les-sites-de-deplaces-de-kigonze"},"places":[{"name":"Bunia","lon":30.25,"lat":1.56}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Security Council members reiterated their call for the Rwanda Defence Force to end all support to M23 and withdraw immediately and unconditionally from Congolese territory, France's UN ambassador said.","source":{"name":"Actualite.cd","url":"https://actualite.cd/2026/10/03/est-de-la-rdc-le-conseil-de-securite-de-lonu-reitere-son-appel-au-retrait-immediat-et"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Heavy clashes were reported around Point Zero near Minembwe, South Kivu, between AFC/M23 and allied Twirwaneho fighters and the army, backed by Wazalendo militias and Burundian troops.","source":{"name":"Kivu Morning Post","url":"https://kivumorningpost.com/2026/09/30/sud-kivu-de-violents-combats-autour-de-point-zero/"},"places":[{"name":"Minembwe","lon":28.73,"lat":-3.93}]},{"date":"2026-09-29","text":"The Ebola transit centre at the Kigonze displacement camp near Bunia, which had sheltered some 19,000 people, burned down. The UN said thousands had fled the camp in the preceding days after reports that soldiers had entered it searching for weapons.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168499"},"places":[{"name":"Bunia","lon":30.25,"lat":1.56}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"The DRC told the UN Security Council that a drone strike it attributed to the Rwanda Defence Force hit a Congolese army position at Pinga, killing five people and seriously wounding eight.","source":{"name":"Radio Okapi","url":"https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/09/29/actualite/politique/conseil-de-securite-la-rdc-denonce-une-gestion-criminelle-des-zones"},"places":[{"name":"Pinga","lon":28.7,"lat":-0.98}]},{"date":"2026-09-16","text":"The DRC and Rwanda resumed talks in Geneva on carrying out the Washington agreement, centred on the FDLR and Rwandan forces in Congo, as fighting continued in North and South Kivu.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/16/drc-rwanda-can-geneva-talks-break-the-cycle-of-war-in-eastern-congo"}},{"date":"2026-08-24","text":"A ceasefire verification mission of government and M23 members, with regional observers, deployed to Minembwe, a day after Switzerland announced a roadmap for peace talks. Fighting continued on the ground.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera, AFP and Reuters","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/8/24/ceasefire-monitoring-mission-arrives-in-democratic-republic-of-congo"},"places":[{"name":"Minembwe","lon":28.73,"lat":-3.93}]},{"date":"2026-05-12","text":"M23 withdrew from Sange and nearby localities north of Uvira, which the army confirmed, while keeping control of Kamanyola near the Rwandan and Burundian borders, AFP reported.","source":{"name":"AFP via The Defense Post","url":"https://thedefensepost.com/2026/05/12/m23-partial-withdrawal-dr-congo/"},"places":[{"name":"Sange","lon":29.13,"lat":-3.09},{"name":"Kamanyola","lon":29,"lat":-2.74}]},{"date":"2026-03-02","text":"The US Treasury sanctioned the Rwanda Defence Force and four senior officers, saying the force was 'actively supporting, training, and fighting alongside' M23.","source":{"name":"US Department of the Treasury","url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0411"}},{"date":"2026-01-17","text":"AFC/M23 fighters left Uvira, the South Kivu city they had seized in December 2025, and the army said it had regained control the next day.","source":{"name":"France 24","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20260120-congolese-army-retakes-strategic-city-of-uvira-after-m23-withdrawal"},"places":[{"name":"Uvira","lon":29.14,"lat":-3.41}]}],"parties":[{"id":"cd","name":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","iso2":"CD","kind":"state","role":"The state party, operating against multiple armed groups in the eastern provinces."},{"id":"m23","name":"AFC/M23 (Alliance Fleuve Congo / March 23 Movement)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Armed coalition that took Goma and Bukavu, the capitals of North and South Kivu, in 2025 and held Uvira from December 2025 to January 2026. In October 2026 it joined a political and military coalition launched by former president Joseph Kabila, the Front for the Refoundation of the Nation (FRN), and Congolese media now report its fighters as the FRN (ex-AFC/M23). The compound name is the coalition's own and the one used by the African Union and the US State Department."},{"id":"rw","name":"Rwanda","iso2":"RW","kind":"state","role":"Named by the Geneva Academy as a party to an international armed conflict with the DRC. Rwanda disputes UN findings of its support for AFC/M23; in March 2026 the United States sanctioned its armed forces for supporting and fighting alongside M23, and on 28 October its ministry of defense."},{"id":"adf","name":"Allied Democratic Forces","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Armed group responsible for a large share of recorded attacks on civilians in the east."}],"fatalities":{"low":32140,"high":65649,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 5,968 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 35,272, 22,671 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 2,605 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"32,140–65,649 (best estimate 35,272)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"5,968 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."}]},"displaced":{"value":7014389,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from the Democratic Republic of the Congo at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 5,669,479 displaced inside the country and 1,344,910 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=COD","figure":"5,669,479 internally displaced; 1,344,910 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Council on Foreign Relations, Global Conflict Tracker: Violence in the DRC","url":"https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/violence-democratic-republic-congo","provides":"The start date: conflict in eastern DRC has run since 1996. The AFC/M23 war within it dates from M23's resurgence in November 2021 (Geneva Academy)."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"32k–66k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[361,248,368,3813,671,549,431,687,368,629,511,303,280,412,518,357,163,277,391,525,268,309,187,128],"recent":624,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"sahel","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-mali-supported-by-the-wagner-group-africa-corps-and-jnim","non-international-armed-conflict-between-mali-supported-by-the-wagner-group-africa-corps-and-islamic-state-in-the-sahel-province-issp","non-international-armed-conflict-between-mali-supported-by-the-wagner-group-africa-corps-and-the-azawad-liberation-front-fla-coalition","non-international-armed-conflict-between-burkina-faso-supported-in-certain-instances-by-vdp-units-and-jamaat-nasr-al-islam-wal-muslimin-jnim","non-international-armed-conflict-between-burkina-faso-supported-by-africa-corps-and-islamic-state-in-the-sahel-province-issp","non-international-armed-conflict-between-niger-and-jamaa-nusra-al-islam-wa-al-muslimin-jnim","non-international-armed-conflict-between-niger-and-the-islamic-state-in-the-sahel-province-issp"],"name":"Central Sahel insurgency","shortName":"Sahel","nameNote":"Not a single named war but one contiguous conflict system spanning Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, which is why the figures below are the sum across the three states rather than a national total.","region":"Africa","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"Non-international armed conflicts between three states and jihadist armed groups operating across their shared borders, with substantial inter-communal and militia violence alongside.","startDate":"2012-01","bbox":[-12,9,16,25],"center":[0.5,14.5],"summary":"Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger face a linked insurgency by groups affiliated with al-Qaeda and the Islamic State, operating across the borders between them. Burkina Faso alone accounts for more recorded deaths than either neighbour, and roughly a third of recorded deaths across the three are coded as civilian. All three states have seen military coups since 2020 and have withdrawn from regional security arrangements. In 2026 the al-Qaeda-affiliated JNIM, allied with the Tuareg-led Azawad Liberation Front, mounted coordinated offensives across Mali, in which the defence minister was killed and the two groups claimed Kidal, and declared a blockade of Bamako, while attacks in Niger intensified. In October the Azawad Liberation Front withdrew from Kidal and the army, backed by Russian fighters, re-entered the city.","developments":[{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"An Algerian army convoy reached Arlit, a uranium mining town in northwestern Niger, in the first foreign troop deployment by Algeria since 1973, according to 10 people who spoke to Reuters. Algeria has not disclosed the size of the force or the timetable for its arrival.","source":{"name":"Asharq Al-Awsat (Reuters)","url":"https://english.aawsat.com/node/5335693"},"places":[{"name":"Arlit","lon":7.39,"lat":18.74}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Algeria's presidency announced that President Abdelmadjid Tebboune had ordered troops to Niger, at the request of Niger's authorities, to protect shared energy and economic interests, after both chambers of parliament approved on Sunday. It would be Algeria's first overseas deployment since 1973. The number of soldiers and the timing were not announced.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with Reuters)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/26/algerias-president-orders-troop-deployment-to-neighbouring-niger"}},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"A drone strike by Mali's army on a nomad camp at Laghlaf, near Lerneb, in the Goundam circle of the Tombouctou region, killed 13 civilians, including six children, overnight from Sunday to Monday, RFI reported, citing local sources. The army staff did not comment on the strike.","source":{"name":"RFI via allAfrica","url":"https://allafrica.com/stories/202610270196.html"},"places":[{"name":"Goundam","lon":-3.7,"lat":16.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Niger's government said a drone strike launched from Chad, with the support of France, hit the Émiloulou area of the Agadez region around 1:00 on 24 October and killed two civilians. It said it would summon Chad's ambassador and seek an independent international investigation. The claims could not be independently verified.","source":{"name":"Tchadinfos","url":"https://tchadinfos.com/2026/10/26/niger-niamey-accuse-le-tchad-dune-frappe-de-drone-meurtriere-avec-lappui-de-la-france/"},"places":[{"name":"Agadez","lon":10.5,"lat":19.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Niger's defence minister, Salifou Modi, and Algeria's army chief of staff, Saïd Chengriha, signed a military cooperation protocol in Algiers on 21 October, Radio France Internationale reported. Its terms were not disclosed. Four Algerian fighter jets deployed to Niger after the 29 August mutiny in Niamey remain at the capital's airport.","source":{"name":"Radio France Internationale via allAfrica","url":"https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/202610230432.html"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Burkina Faso's parliament adopted a revised penal code restoring the death penalty, nearly a decade after abolition, the Justice Ministry said. It covers terrorism, espionage and treason, among other crimes. The 71-member assembly voted unanimously. The government presented it as part of its response to the insurgency; rights groups say it could be used against critics.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/21/burkina-faso-parliament-votes-to-restore-death-penalty"}},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Fighters of the Islamic State's Sahel Province on motorcycles attacked at least five localities in the Ménaka region on Sunday, targeting camps mostly of the Idaksahak community, two security sources and two local officials told Reuters. The provisional toll ranged from 48 to over 70; the community's executive office recorded at least 48 dead in Tagadayat.","source":{"name":"Bénin Web TV, citing Reuters","url":"https://beninwebtv.bj/en/mali-at-least-48-civilians-killed-in-attacks-attributed-to-the-islamic-state-in-menaka/"},"places":[{"name":"Ménaka","lon":2.4,"lat":15.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"Fighting between JNIM and Islamic State Sahel Province took place mainly on 9 October at Gonadaouri, in Oudalan province, Burkina Faso, and reportedly killed several hundred people, Radio France Internationale reported. JNIM made no official statement, and no reliable independent toll exists.","source":{"name":"Radio France Internationale via allAfrica","url":"https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/202610160142.html"},"places":[{"name":"Oudalan","lon":-0.3,"lat":14.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Azawad Liberation Front said it had carried out a 'strategic and controlled withdrawal' from Kidal, which it captured with JNIM in April, and the army, which said it was conducting large-scale air and ground operations in the region with its Russian partners, said it had entered the city.","source":{"name":"Africanews with AFP","url":"https://www.africanews.com/2026/10/06/malian-army-and-russian-fighters-retake-key-city-of-kidal-abandoned-by-rebels/"},"places":[{"name":"Kidal","lon":1.41,"lat":18.44}]},{"date":"2026-09-26","text":"Two attacks claimed by Islamic State Sahel Province, on 23 and 26 September, killed more than 50 members of Niger's security forces, security sources told Reuters.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/09/28/more-than-50-members-of-niger-s-security-forces-killed-in-attacks-sources-say"}},{"date":"2026-09-20","text":"JNIM said it had struck air defence systems at Sévaré airport and killed 33 pro-government fighters in Sévaré and Konna, where its fighters appeared to have encircled the army camp, Reuters reported.","source":{"name":"Reuters via BusinessDay","url":"https://www.businessday.co.za/world/africa/2026-09-21-more-than-100-malian-soldiers-killed-in-rebel-attacks-in-september-sources-say/"},"places":[{"name":"Sévaré","lon":-4.09,"lat":14.52},{"name":"Konna","lon":-3.89,"lat":14.94}]},{"date":"2026-09-17","text":"Islamic State Sahel Province claimed to have killed more than 200 JNIM fighters near Kacham in northern Burkina Faso earlier in September; ACLED said that, if accurate, it would be the deadliest battle between the two groups it has recorded.","source":{"name":"ACLED","url":"https://acleddata.com/expert-comment/could-be-deadliest-battle-yet-between-issp-and-jnim"},"places":[{"name":"Kacham","lon":-0.38,"lat":14.99}]},{"date":"2026-09-10","text":"JNIM attacked the army camp at Dioura in central Mali. A security source told Reuters 130 soldiers died and more than 100 were taken hostage; JNIM claimed 150.","source":{"name":"Reuters via BusinessDay","url":"https://www.businessday.co.za/world/africa/2026-09-21-more-than-100-malian-soldiers-killed-in-rebel-attacks-in-september-sources-say/"},"places":[{"name":"Dioura","lon":-5.25,"lat":14.83}]},{"date":"2026-07-04","text":"JNIM and the Azawad Liberation Front launched a new wave of coordinated attacks on Gao, Anefis, Aguelhok, Sévaré, Konna and a prison near Bamako; the army said the attacks were repelled.","source":{"name":"AFP via France 24","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20260704-mali-hit-by-new-wave-of-coordinated-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Gao","lon":-0.04,"lat":16.28},{"name":"Anefis","lon":0.6,"lat":18.05},{"name":"Aguelhok","lon":0.86,"lat":19.46},{"name":"Sévaré","lon":-4.09,"lat":14.52},{"name":"Konna","lon":-3.89,"lat":14.94},{"name":"Bamako","lon":-7.99,"lat":12.61}]},{"date":"2026-04-28","text":"JNIM declared in a video that all routes into Bamako and the garrison town of Kati were blocked, warning that anyone trying to enter risked death.","source":{"name":"Africanews with AFP","url":"https://www.africanews.com/2026/04/29/mali-jihadists-threaten-to-impose-blockade-on-bamako/"}},{"date":"2026-04-25","text":"JNIM and the Azawad Liberation Front launched coordinated attacks on Bamako, Kati, Sévaré, Mopti, Gao and Kidal. A military source told Al Jazeera that Mali's defence minister, Sadio Camara, had been killed, and the two groups claimed control of Kidal.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/26/mali-rattled-by-ongoing-armed-attacks-what-to-know"},"places":[{"name":"Bamako","lon":-7.99,"lat":12.61},{"name":"Kati","lon":-8.07,"lat":12.74},{"name":"Sévaré","lon":-4.09,"lat":14.52},{"name":"Mopti","lon":-4.19,"lat":14.49},{"name":"Gao","lon":-0.04,"lat":16.28},{"name":"Kidal","lon":1.41,"lat":18.44}]}],"parties":[{"id":"bf","name":"Burkina Faso (supported in places by VDP militia units)","iso2":"BF","kind":"state","role":"State party; the worst-affected of the three by recorded deaths. The Geneva Academy names its auxiliary VDP units in the classification rather than folding them into 'government forces', and this record follows that practice."},{"id":"ml","name":"Mali (supported by Russia's Africa Corps)","iso2":"ML","kind":"state","role":"State party, where the insurgency began in 2012. Its Russian co-belligerent is named rather than hidden inside 'government forces': the Wagner Group until it announced its withdrawal in June 2025, Russia's Africa Corps since."},{"id":"ne","name":"Niger","iso2":"NE","kind":"state","role":"State party, affected principally in its western and southeastern borderlands."},{"id":"jnim","name":"Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Al-Qaeda-affiliated coalition operating across the three states."},{"id":"isgs","name":"Islamic State Sahel Province","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Islamic State affiliate operating in the tri-border area, known as Islamic State in the Greater Sahara until it became the Islamic State's Sahel Province in 2022."},{"id":"fla","name":"Azawad Liberation Front (FLA)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Tuareg-led separatist coalition in northern Mali, allied with JNIM in the coordinated offensives of 2026."}],"fatalities":{"low":40026,"high":55642,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP across Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger in 6,025 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 43,185, 15,059 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own per-incident low and high bounds, summed. It excludes indirect deaths and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP, Burkina Faso","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"20,623–28,548","asOf":"2026-09-30"},{"name":"UCDP, Mali","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"13,677–18,910","asOf":"2026-09-30"},{"name":"UCDP, Niger","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"5,726–8,184","asOf":"2026-09-23"}]},"displaced":{"value":4008289,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 2,936,643 displaced inside those countries and 1,071,646 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder, Mali","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=MLI","figure":"414,524 internally displaced; 543,367 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder, Burkina Faso","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=BKF","figure":"2,062,534 internally displaced; 421,026 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder, Niger","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=NGR","figure":"459,585 internally displaced; 107,253 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"UN MINUSMA: history of the mission","url":"https://minusma.unmissions.org/en/minusma-historique","provides":"The start date: the insurgency began in northern Mali in mid-January 2012, before spreading to Burkina Faso and Niger from 2015."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"40k–56k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[343,320,432,414,522,1180,613,1027,895,792,555,491,556,398,272,501,685,372,578,754,600,574,308,293],"recent":1175,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"myanmar","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-tatmadaw-and-the-arakan-army","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-tatmadaw-and-the-kachin-independence-army-kia","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-tatmadaw-and-the-karen-liberation-army-knla","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-tatmadaw-and-the-chin-national-defense-force-cndf","non-international-armed-conflict-between-myanmar-and-the-myanmar-national-democratic-alliance-army-mndaa","non-international-armed-conflict-between-myanmar-and-the-taang-national-liberation-army-tnla"],"name":"Myanmar civil war","shortName":"Myanmar","nameNote":"The country is called both Myanmar and Burma; UCDP records it as 'Myanmar (Burma)'. The choice of name is itself politically loaded, and Blackwing uses the form the UN uses.","region":"Asia","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"Non-international armed conflicts between the military government and a large number of organised armed groups, including long-standing ethnic armed organisations and post-coup resistance forces.","startDate":"2021-02-01","bbox":[92.2,9.98,99.63,27.33],"center":[95.76,21.21],"summary":"The military seized power in a coup on 1 February 2021, and the crackdown on the protests that followed turned into a nationwide armed conflict. It is one of the most fragmented conflicts in the record, fought between the military, newly formed resistance forces and ethnic armed organisations that in several cases predate the coup by decades. More than half of recorded deaths are coded as civilian. Elections the military organised from December 2025, which critics and Western governments called a sham, made the coup leader Min Aung Hlaing president in April 2026. The army has since retaken ground in some border areas and opened talks with some ethnic armed organisations, while others, including the Arakan Army, fight on.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"Myanmar Air Force airstrikes across Arakan State on 1 November killed at least 12 civilians and injured 32, the Arakan Army reported. DVB reported that one strike destroyed a bridge linking Kyauktaw and Ponnagyun townships, killing seven commuters, and four strikes hit a maternity clinic in Mrauk-U, killing five.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/airstrikes-kill-12-in-rakhine-state-as-bombs-target-bridge-and-maternity-clinic/"},"places":[{"name":"Kyauktaw","lon":93,"lat":20.9,"area":true},{"name":"Mrauk-U","lon":93.19,"lat":20.59}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Dual airstrikes by the Myanmar Air Force on 31 October hit a Karen National Union base in Hpapun Township, Karen State, the KNU said, describing them as aimed at disrupting its cross-border supply route from Thailand. Thai media reported no casualties, with blasts damaging buildings in Mae Sam Laep village on the Thai side.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/airstrikes-hit-knu-base-in-karen-state-along-myanmar-thai-border-to-choke-off-trade/"},"places":[{"name":"Hpapun Township","lon":97.4,"lat":18.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A junta jet fighter dropped two bombs on a high school in Kyeinchaung Village, northern Maungdaw Township, shortly after 2:00 a.m. on 30 October, residents told Development Media Group. Residents reported no civilian casualties. The strike destroyed school facilities and damaged nearby homes.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://dmediag.com/news/ajama.html"},"places":[{"name":"Maungdaw Township","lon":92.3,"lat":21,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"More than 10,000 people from 19 villages have fled attacks by a junta column in Sagaing Township over almost 10 days, Myanmar Now reported on 29 October. Resistance forces captured Col. Zaw Myo Tint in mid-October.","source":{"name":"Myanmar Now","url":"https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/myanmar-junta-launches-arson-spree-in-sagaing-after-colonels-killing/"},"places":[{"name":"Sagaing Township","lon":95.8,"lat":22.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"Junta forces deployed a column of around 1,000 troops from 28 October to advance from Amyint Kyun Village in Sittwe Township toward Kuntaung Village in Ponnagyun Township, according to local sources and military observers cited by Development Media Group. A military source said heavy clashes continued around Amyint Kyun Village on 29 October.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://dmediag.com/news/jrotr.html"},"places":[{"name":"Ponnagyun Township","lon":92.9,"lat":20.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"The Arakan Army attacked three junta warships near Sittwe on 26 October, sinking two and damaging a third, military sources said, according to Development Media Group. The vessels were stationed near the mouth of the Kaladan River. The sources said junta forces then launched air raids and artillery fire on Ngapyi Island.","source":{"name":"Burma News International (Development Media Group)","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/arakan-army-strikes-3-myanmar-junta-warships-near-sittwe-sinking-2-sources-say"},"places":[{"name":"Sittwe","lon":92.9,"lat":20.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"A junta Y-12 aircraft dropped bombs on Thawinchaung and Awakan villages in Werathani Township shortly after 6:00 a.m. on 24 October, local sources told Development Media Group. A resident said at least five people were injured. Fierce clashes continued on Ngapyi Island in the same township.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/alfii.html"},"places":[{"name":"Werathani Township","lon":93.1,"lat":20.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"A junta jet dropped a 500-pound bomb on Pannilar Village in Ponnagyun Township shortly after 2:00 p.m. on 23 October, killing a woman and injuring two others, including an internally displaced person, residents told Development Media Group. The strike landed in front of the local school.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/wltka.html"},"places":[{"name":"Ponnagyun Township","lon":92.9,"lat":20.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"An explosion near an intersection on Min Bar Gyi Road in Sittwe killed at least nine people and left at least five others in critical condition, DVB reported. A resident said a Myanmar Air Force fighter jet was seen over Sittwe before the blast; it remains unclear who was responsible.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/at-least-9-killed-in-sittwe-explosion-as-clashes-near-military-command-intensify/"},"places":[{"name":"Sittwe","lon":92.9,"lat":20.14}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Fierce clashes continued for a second consecutive day on Ngapyi Island near Sittwe on 22 October, with remnants of a junta amphibious assault force still trapped there, Development Media Group reported, citing local sources. An Arakan Army spokesperson said several junta troops had surrendered.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://dmediag.com/news/asowl.html"},"places":[{"name":"Ngapyi Island","lon":92.97,"lat":20.18}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Junta air attacks on urban wards and nearby villages in Werathani Township late on 20 October killed four civilians and injured four others, including a volunteer with the Pauktaw Social Assistance Association, according to local residents cited by Development Media Group.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://dmediag.com/news/jnakf.html"},"places":[{"name":"Werathani Township","lon":93.1,"lat":20.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"A regime gyrocopter attack killed six women, including a mother and her three daughters, in Budalin Township, Sagaing Region, on Tuesday, Myanmar Now reported.","source":{"name":"Myanmar Now","url":"https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/six-women-killed-by-myanmar-junta-airstrike-in-budalin/"},"places":[{"name":"Budalin Township","lon":95.1,"lat":22.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"The TNLA announced that 54 members led by Gu Si had 'severed ties' with it and that action would be taken against them, DVB reported. A source close to the military told DVB the 54, ethnic Lisu who defected to regime forces in Mogok Township, would form a pro-regime militia.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/former-tnla-members-expected-to-form-pro-regime-militia-in-mandalays-mogok/"}},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"Fierce fighting erupted between the military and the Arakan Army at three locations near the Regional Operations Command in Sittwe, the military's last remaining headquarters in Arakan State, Development Media Group reported. A military source said intense ground fighting continued at all three locations on the morning of 19 October.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/iatln.html"},"places":[{"name":"Sittwe","lon":92.9,"lat":20.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Over 200 troops launched an amphibious assault on Ngapyi Island near Sittwe at about 5:00 AM on 18 October, Narinjara reported through Burma News International. Local sources said the Arakan Army ambushed the landing and killed at least 50 soldiers; part of the force later gained a temporary foothold. It was the third major attempt in a month.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/junta-forces-suffer-heavy-casualties-renewed-assault-ngapyi-island"},"places":[{"name":"Ngapyi Island","lon":92.97,"lat":20.18}]},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Airstrikes killed at least 5 people near Chaung Son Village in Paletwa Township, Chin State, and 5 people in Ohn Taw village in Pakokku Township, Magway Region, on 18 October, the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners said, citing reports from the ground. The group also reported at least 10 killed on 16 October in Yesagyo Township.","source":{"name":"Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP)","url":"https://aappb.org/daily-19-10-26/"},"places":[{"name":"Paletwa","lon":93,"lat":21.4,"area":true},{"name":"Pakokku","lon":94.8,"lat":21.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"The military government extended martial law for another 90 days in 55 townships, down from 58, DVB reported, lifting the order in Ngazun in Mandalay Region and in Kyaukme and Hsipaw in Shan State. The office of commander-in-chief Ye Win Oo said normal conditions had returned in the three townships.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/myanmar-military-regime-extends-martial-law-in-55-townships-removing-3/"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Min Aung Hlaing renewed his invitation to the Chin National Front, the Karen National Union and the All Burma Students' Democratic Front to join peace talks, at a ceremony in Naypyitaw marking the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement anniversary. A CNF spokesperson, Salai Htet Ni, said working under the NCA framework was no longer practical.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/myanmar-junta-renews-peace-talks-invitation-cnf-knu-and-absdf"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"KIO/KIA rejected the military's offer of peace talks, Myanmar Now reported. The group said the offer comes as the regime increases its military presence in Kachin State and would have no impact on the situation on the ground.","source":{"name":"Myanmar Now","url":"https://myanmar-now.org/en/news/kio-kia-rejects-myanmar-juntas-offer-of-peace-talks/"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"The Arakan Army captured as many as nine military outposts in Amyint Kyun and Yaychanpyin villages near Sittwe as fighting spread to Yaychanpyin, a military source said, according to Development Media Group. The source said continuing airstrikes and heavy artillery shelling made full control on the ground difficult.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://dmediag.com/news/aajoa.html"},"places":[{"name":"Sittwe","lon":92.9,"lat":20.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Local sources told Development Media Group that the Arakan Army had captured multiple military outposts near Amyint Kyun and Pardaleik villages in Sittwe Township after crossing the Minchaung Bridge in early October. They said troops still held the police station and monastery inside Amyint Kyun.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/feisa.html"},"places":[{"name":"Sittwe Township","lon":92.9,"lat":20.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Military troops set fire to a Kachin Baptist Convention church and surrounding homes in downtown Bhamo, Kachin State, at about 3:30 p.m. on 12 October, local sources told Network Media Group. A local source said it was not known how many houses were destroyed.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/myanmar-junta-torches-church-and-homes-bhamo-kachin-state-clashes-intensify"},"places":[{"name":"Bhamo","lon":97.23,"lat":24.26}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Heavy fighting continued on Ngapyi Island near Sittwe, where the military has tried amphibious landings since 7 October, Development Media Group reported. According to local sources, the military had a foothold in parts of the island and the Arakan Army was reinforcing to counterattack.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/jaokra.html"},"places":[{"name":"Ngapyi Island","lon":92.97,"lat":20.18}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"An aerial bombing of Mahasi Monastery in Seik Khun Village, Shwebo Township, Sagaing Region, on 11 October reportedly killed two displaced people who were sheltering there and injured many others, the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners said. The meditation center was also damaged.","source":{"name":"Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP)","url":"https://aappb.org/daily-12-10-26/"},"places":[{"name":"Seik Khun Village","lon":95.59,"lat":22.55}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"A military drone strike on Nat Yay Twin Village in Indaw Township, Sagaing Region, killed a 10-year-old child on 11 October, according to local reports cited by Development Media Group. Fighting in Indaw has continued since a military offensive began on 5 October.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/jioar.html"},"places":[{"name":"Indaw Township","lon":96.1,"lat":24.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"Myanmar Air Force airstrikes on Sin Ein village in Pauktaw Township, Arakan State, killed at least seven civilians and injured 17, DVB reported; a humanitarian aid worker in Arakan Army territory said five civilian deaths were confirmed. Residents said fighting between the AA and regime forces was taking place along the road to Pauktaw.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/seven-civilians-killed-by-airstrikes-in-rakhine-state-as-clashes-intensify-near-sittwe/"},"places":[{"name":"Pauktaw Township","lon":93.1,"lat":20.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"The military deployed at least six warships from its Shwe Min Gan naval base in Sittwe in amphibious assaults on Ngapyi Island, held by the Arakan Army; AA artillery hit one warship, which caught fire and retreated, local military sources told Burma News International. Casualty figures were unconfirmed.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/myanmar-junta-naval-assault-repelled-near-rakhine-capital-arakan-army-hits-warship"},"places":[{"name":"Ngapyi Island","lon":92.97,"lat":20.18}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Drone-dropped munitions from a coalition led by the Kachin Independence Army struck a combined government office in Hpakant, Kachin State, during a meeting of officials, civil society representatives and mining company executives, killing at least one person, according to local sources cited by Burma News International.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/kia-led-coalition-drone-attacks-hit-myanmar-junta-controlled-offices-hpakant"},"places":[{"name":"Hpakant","lon":96.31,"lat":25.61}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Military jets bombed the former Military Operations Command 5 headquarters and former battalion bases near Taungup town, Rakhine State, for about an hour; two residents died of cardiac arrest and another was wounded by shrapnel, local residents and sources told the Development Media Group.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/jabot.html"},"places":[{"name":"Taungup","lon":94.24,"lat":18.85}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Military jets bombed gold-mining rafts worked mainly by displaced people in the Thahpanseik reservoir in Kyunhla township, Sagaing Region, killing at least 10 people, according to local sources cited by Burma News International; a resident said search teams had not recovered several bodies.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/myanmar-junta-airstrikes-kill-least-10-gold-mining-site-sagaing-region"},"places":[{"name":"Kyunhla township","lon":95.2,"lat":23.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"A military air strike on a camp for displaced people in Ponnagyun township, Rakhine State, killed two civilians and injured two, the Arakan Army and the Ponnagyun Youth Association said, a day after strikes on another camp in the township.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/myanmar-military-airstrikes-on-displacement-camps-in-rakhine-state-kill-eight/"},"places":[{"name":"Ponnagyun township","lon":92.9,"lat":20.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"ISP-Myanmar said in an analysis that the military had deployed around 2,000 troops in a multi-front offensive against the Arakan Army since early September but had so far failed to regain territory, the Development Media Group reported.","source":{"name":"Development Media Group","url":"https://www.dmediag.com/news/dthlo.html"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Fighting resumed in Hpakant township, Kachin State, when military troops advanced towards jade trading hubs near Kuday and Hmawsisar and exchanged fire with the Kachin Independence Army; artillery fire on a jade trading site killed one civilian and injured another, residents said.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/myanmar-junta-offensive-kills-civilian-jade-rich-hpakant-township"},"places":[{"name":"Hpakant township","lon":96.5,"lat":25.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Two air strikes by the Myanmar military on a camp for displaced people in Ponnagyun township, Rakhine State, which the Arakan Army has held since March 2024, killed at least six residents and injured seven, DVB reported.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/myanmar-air-force-strikes-displacement-camp-killing-six-as-airstrikes-intensify-in-rakhine-state/"},"places":[{"name":"Ponnagyun","lon":92.9,"lat":20.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"Military air strikes on Chaung-U, Sagaing Region, killed at least two residents of a camp for displaced people, DVB reported.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/surrenders-and-internal-friction-reported-among-resistance-ranks-in-sagaing-region/"},"places":[{"name":"Chaung-U","lon":95.27,"lat":21.96}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"Kachin Independence Army-led forces overran a military camp on Shwemyintin Pagoda Hill in Momeik (Mongmit) township, northern Shan State, as fighting continued in five Kachin State townships, including Bhamo.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/intense-clashes-continue-across-six-townships-kachin-and-northern-shan-states"},"places":[{"name":"Momeik","lon":96.7,"lat":23.1,"area":true},{"name":"Bhamo","lon":97.2,"lat":24.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"A military air strike on a market in Kyauktaw township, Rakhine State, reportedly killed at least 50 people and injured at least 58. The UN Secretary-General condemned it and called for those responsible to be held to account.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/09/1168488"},"places":[{"name":"Kyauktaw","lon":93,"lat":20.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-24","text":"A delegation of the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army began its first talks with the military's peace committee in Naypyitaw, after a Ta'ang National Liberation Army delegation held talks there in July.","source":{"name":"Burma News International","url":"https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/mndaa-delegation-holds-talks-myanmar-junta-naypyidaw-under-chinese-pressure"}},{"date":"2026-09-04","text":"The military began a counteroffensive against the Arakan Army in Rakhine State's Sittwe, Kyaukphyu and Thandwe townships; DVB reported more than 5,000 residents displaced in Kyaukphyu.","source":{"name":"DVB","url":"https://english.dvb.no/myanmar-military-launches-operation-4926-against-arakan-army-in-rakhine-state/"},"places":[{"name":"Sittwe","lon":92.9,"lat":20.1,"area":true},{"name":"Kyaukphyu","lon":93.5,"lat":19.4,"area":true},{"name":"Thandwe","lon":94.4,"lat":18.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-08-21","text":"A military air strike on a Buddhist monastery hosting a religious retreat in Myaung township, Sagaing Region, killed 14 people and injured 20, according to a local opposition group and a resident.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/8/21/myanmar-military-bombing-kills-14-at-buddhist-monastery-opposition-reports"},"places":[{"name":"Myaung","lon":95.4,"lat":21.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-05-19","text":"State media said the army retook Mawtaung, a trading town on the Thai border held by the Karen National Union and allied groups, and the next day Tonzang in Chin State. The claims could not be independently confirmed.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via WSLS","url":"https://www.wsls.com/news/world/2026/05/21/myanmar-military-recaptures-2-strategic-border-towns-from-ethnic-militias/"},"places":[{"name":"Mawtaung","lon":99.63,"lat":11.79}]},{"date":"2026-04-20","text":"President Min Aung Hlaing invited ethnic armed organisations to join peace talks within 100 days and urged the People's Defence Forces to surrender.","source":{"name":"The Irrawaddy (Wayback Machine copy)","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260923132020/https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/politics/min-aung-hlaing-gives-armed-groups-100-days-to-join-peace-talks.html"}},{"date":"2026-04-03","text":"Parliament elected Min Aung Hlaing, the military chief who led the 2021 coup, as president with 429 of the 584 votes cast.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/3/myanmars-coup-leader-elected-president-by-pro-military-parliament"}},{"date":"2026-01-25","text":"The final phase of the military-organised general election was held; the results gave the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party 339 of the 420 elective seats contested.","source":{"name":"Xinhua","url":"https://english.news.cn/20260129/99dc52f78e0548858e455991d4e319f0/c.html"}}],"parties":[{"id":"mm","name":"Myanmar armed forces","iso2":"MM","kind":"state","role":"The military that took power in the February 2021 coup and is the state party to the fighting. Since April 2026 the state has been headed by its former commander, Min Aung Hlaing, as president of a military-backed government; he handed command of the armed forces to Ye Win Oo in March."},{"id":"pdf","name":"People's Defence Force and allied resistance groups","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Armed resistance forces formed after the coup, operating across much of the country."},{"id":"eao","name":"Ethnic armed organisations","kind":"coalition","role":"Long-standing armed organisations in border regions, several of which have fought the state for decades and some of which are now allied with post-coup resistance forces. In 2026 some, including the MNDAA and the TNLA, held talks with the military, while others, including the Arakan Army, fight on."}],"fatalities":{"low":13720,"high":38189,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2021-02-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 6,732 individually sourced incidents since 1 Feb 2021: a best estimate of 14,270, 9,104 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 1,443 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"13,720–38,189 (best estimate 14,270)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"6,732 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."},{"name":"Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP)","url":"https://aappb.org/daily-2-11-26/","figure":"8,633 killed by the junta and pro-military groups","asOf":"2026-11-02","note":"Pro-democracy activists and civilians killed by the military and its allied groups since the 1 February 2021 coup, counted by name by a Burmese rights group. One side's killings only, so it is not a war total and is not added to UCDP's count."}]},"displaced":{"value":5221042,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Myanmar at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,628,840 displaced inside the country and 1,592,202 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Myanmar, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it. Of the refugees abroad, 1,178,003 are in Bangladesh, where the government and UNHCR count 1,204,492 Rohingya refugees (31 August 2026), most of them from a large-scale influx in 2017, before this war began.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=MYA","figure":"3,628,840 internally displaced; 1,592,202 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."},{"name":"UNHCR Operational Data Portal, Bangladesh","url":"https://data.unhcr.org/en/country/bgd","figure":"1,204,492 Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh (1,170,978 in Cox's Bazar, 33,514 on Bhasan Char)","asOf":"2026-08-31","note":"Government of Bangladesh and UNHCR figures; one of the largest protracted refugee situations in the world, following the influx in 2017."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"13k–38k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[288,159,179,252,164,202,242,223,123,196,245,181,200,98,191,158,182,290,127,173,105,101,129,178],"recent":408,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"somalia","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-somali-armed-forces-and-its-support-forces-and-al-shabaab","non-international-armed-conflict-between-somalia-and-support-forces-and-islamic-state-somalia-iss"],"name":"Somalia insurgency","shortName":"Somalia","region":"Africa","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"A non-international armed conflict between the federal government, supported by an African Union mission and foreign air support, and jihadist armed groups.","startDate":"2006","bbox":[41.01,-1.64,51.27,11.96],"center":[45.42,3.41],"summary":"The Somali federal government, supported by an African Union mission and by foreign air strikes, continues to fight al-Shabaab, which holds territory across the south and centre of the country. A smaller Islamic State affiliate operates in Puntland. Unusually for the conflicts in this record, the large majority of recorded deaths are coded as combatants rather than civilians. Since March 2026, when parliament extended the federal terms of office and delayed elections, federal forces have also fought opposition and regional forces, in Baidoa and in Mogadishu, and in October they lost towns in Gedo to Jubaland forces and every major town in the Bay region except Baidoa to fighters loyal to the ousted South West State president.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"Hawadle clan fighters took control of Beledweyne, the capital of Hiran region, over the weekend, including the provincial headquarters and other government offices, Somali Guardian reported, citing Caasimada Online. About 2,000 armed clan fighters are in the town as Hawadle political figures plan an administration separate from Mogadishu.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/mawisley-militias-abandon-front-lines-central-somalia/"},"places":[{"name":"Beledweyne","lon":45.2,"lat":4.74}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"The United Nations Transitional Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNTMIS) ceased operations on Saturday, ending more than three decades of UN missions in the country at the request of the Somali government. The UN said its agencies, funds and programmes will keep working in Somalia.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/un-mission-somalia-untmis-closes-after-three-decades/"}},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A chartered aircraft carrying 109 Ugandan soldiers, the first contingent to leave, took off from Mogadishu airport on Friday, Somali Guardian reported. Army chief General Muhoozi Kainerugaba had announced on Thursday that Uganda had begun withdrawing. President Yoweri Museveni told Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud he would withdraw part of his forces before 15 November.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/uganda-begins-troop-pullout-from-somalia/"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Heavy fighting erupted on the outskirts of Baidoa between the Somali National Army and forces loyal to Abdiaziz Laftagareen, the former president of Southwest State, near Burjed. A Laftagareen faction official said army units travelling toward Burhakabo had been ambushed and the group said it killed dozens of soldiers; neither claim was independently confirmed.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/baidoa-fighting-somali-army-burhakabo-stalls/"},"places":[{"name":"Baidoa","lon":43.64,"lat":3.12}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Al-Shabaab attacked a military convoy carrying supplies between the towns of Leego and Burhakaba, in the Bay region, setting off an hours-long battle, Somalia's Defense Ministry said. It said the militants drove an explosives-laden vehicle toward an army position. The ministry's casualty figures could not be independently verified.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/somali-army-kills-over-75-al-shabaab-militants-after-convoy-attack-defense-ministry/4102242"},"places":[{"name":"Leego","lon":44.51,"lat":2.71}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Federal forces advancing on Buurhakaba, held by forces loyal to Laftagareen, suffered heavy casualties in fighting between Leego and Jameecada, Garowe Online reported, citing reports that numerous soldiers were killed and 36 military vehicles, including six Turkish-made Kirpi armoured vehicles, were lost.","source":{"name":"Garowe Online","url":"https://garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/battle-on-the-road-to-burhakaba-somalia-s-federal-government-forces-suffer-heavy-losses"},"places":[{"name":"Buurhakaba","lon":44.08,"lat":2.79}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Somalia's federal government sent more than 200 military vehicles toward Burhakabo on Saturday, after forces loyal to former Southwest president Abdiasis Laftagaren seized the town last week, Somali Guardian reported. The government had not commented. Local media said at least three military vehicles were destroyed in roadside bomb attacks between Wanlawayn and Afgoye this week.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-military-vehicles-burhakabo/"},"places":[{"name":"Burhakabo","lon":44.08,"lat":2.79}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"An alleged Turkish drone strike on Wednesday night killed two members of Laftagaren's forces on a motorcycle, local media reported, according to Somali Guardian. Hassan Abdulkadir, a former Southwest internal security minister and key figure behind those forces, escaped unharmed. It was unclear whether he was the target.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-laftagaren-ally-survives-turkish-drone-strike/"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Forces of the ousted Southwest leader Abdiasis Laftagaren also seized Dinsor, Berdale and Awdinle towns on Thursday and Friday, Somali Guardian reported, leaving Baidoa as the only town in Bay region still under the federal government.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-government-loses-bay-region-towns-baidoa-laftagaren/"},"places":[{"name":"Dinsor","lon":42.98,"lat":2.41},{"name":"Berdale","lon":43.2,"lat":3.22},{"name":"Awdinle","lon":43.41,"lat":3.17}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Forces loyal to the former Southwest State president, Abdiasis Laftagaren, seized Burhakabo, on the road between Mogadishu and Baidoa, after a brief gunfight, Somali Guardian reported. They displayed dozens of captured federal troops. The federal government had not commented.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-government-loses-burhakabo-southwest/"},"places":[{"name":"Burhakabo","lon":44.08,"lat":2.79}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Defence Minister Ahmed Moalim Fiqi said on Tuesday that authorities had removed 260 armed men from opposition leaders' homes in Mogadishu and held them in custody. He accused the United Arab Emirates of arming opposition leaders and alleged that forces linked to Puntland and Jubaland had been brought to Mogadishu.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-260-armed-men-opposition-leaders-homes/"},"places":[{"name":"Mogadishu","lon":45.34,"lat":2.03}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Somalia's national anti-money-laundering committee added 10 people, including former South West State president Abdiaziz Hassan Mohamed Laftagareen, to a financial sanctions list over suspected links to Al-Shabaab, requiring assets to be frozen. The published decision did not detail the evidence against each person.","source":{"name":"Garowe Online","url":"https://garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-adds-former-south-west-leader-and-9-others-to-financial-sanctions-list"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"Large numbers of government forces, with military trucks and armoured vehicles, deployed around the residences of former President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed and former Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire near Mogadishu airport, as local media reported that President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud intended to disarm opposition leaders, Somali Guardian reported.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-government-masses-forces-near-opposition-leaders-homes-mogadishu/"},"places":[{"name":"Mogadishu","lon":45.34,"lat":2.03}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"Al-Shabaab fighters captured Hees, in the central Hiran region near Mataban, after a brief battle with the Somali National Army, cutting a supply road for government troops in the area, Somali Guardian reported.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-government-loses-three-towns-48-hours/"},"places":[{"name":"Hiran","lon":45.5,"lat":4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"Forces loyal to Abdiasis Laftagaren, the former Southwest leader, took Qansah-dhere in the Bay region, 90 kilometers west of Baidoa, without a gunfight, local media reported. It was the first town to pass fully out of federal control since the federal offensive that removed him from power in late March.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-laftagaren-forces-capture-qansah-dhere-baidoa/"},"places":[{"name":"Qansah-dhere","lon":43,"lat":2.87}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"Al-Shabaab said it had signed an agreement with the Hawadle clan to end a four-year conflict in the Hiran region, where the clan had fought it alongside federal troops; the government had not responded.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-al-shabaab-hawadle-deal-end-war-somalia/"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"The National Intelligence and Security Agency said it had killed Bashir Ahmed Haji Nunow, whom it called a former leader of al-Shabaab's Amniyaat assassination unit, in an overnight operation with international partners in Jilib District, state news agency SONNA reported.","source":{"name":"SONNA (Somali National News Agency)","url":"https://sonna.so/en/article/NISA-International-Partners-Kill-Senior-Al-Shabaab-Militant-Leader-in-Jilib"},"places":[{"name":"Jilib District","lon":42.8,"lat":0.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Bloomberg reported that Ethiopia planned to withdraw more than 3,000 troops from Somalia as fighting escalated at home; a Somali defence ministry official said Mogadishu had not been informed.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/ethiopia-3000troop-withdrawal-somalia/"}},{"date":"2026-09-29","text":"The office of the former South West State president accused the federal government and Turkey of air strikes on Baidoa that it said killed civilians, including four children; the claims could not be independently verified.","source":{"name":"Somali Guardian","url":"https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somalia-laftagareen-accuses-turkiye-six-airstrikes-baidoa/"},"places":[{"name":"Baidoa","lon":43.64,"lat":3.12}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"Fighters loyal to the former South West State president entered Baidoa and the army drove them out, an army commander said, as fighter jets and drones were reported over the city; MSF said three people died, including a health worker.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera and AFP","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/28/somali-army-clashes-with-local-forces-for-control-of-baidoa"},"places":[{"name":"Baidoa","lon":43.64,"lat":3.12}]},{"date":"2026-09-03","text":"Forces allied with the former South West State president clashed with the army in Baidoa for the second time in under a month; the government accused them of joining forces with al-Shabaab, which their spokespeople rejected.","source":{"name":"ACLED","url":"https://acleddata.com/expert-comment/why-somali-government-linking-southwest-opposition-forces-al-shabaab"},"places":[{"name":"Baidoa","lon":43.64,"lat":3.12}]},{"date":"2026-06-03","text":"Heavy fighting broke out in Mogadishu between government and opposition forces near the homes of a former prime minister and a former president, ahead of protests against the president's term extension.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/5/why-mogadishu-clashes-are-deepening-somalias-political-crisis-again"},"places":[{"name":"Mogadishu","lon":45.34,"lat":2.03}]},{"date":"2026-04-14","text":"The Defence Ministry said the army, with Jubbaland forces and air strikes by international partners, killed 27 al-Shabaab fighters in Jilib, Xagar and Afmadow districts.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/14/somalia-reports-hit-on-al-shabab-with-international-support"},"places":[{"name":"Jilib","lon":42.8,"lat":0.5,"area":true},{"name":"Xagar","lon":42,"lat":0.9,"area":true},{"name":"Afmadow","lon":41.8,"lat":0.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-03-30","text":"Federal troops and allied fighters took control of Baidoa, capital of South West State, and the state's president, an opponent of the constitutional changes, resigned and left for Kenya.","source":{"name":"Somalia Today","url":"https://somaliatoday.com/politics/somali-regional-leader-flees-as-federal-forces-seize-baidoa-2026-03-30/"},"places":[{"name":"Baidoa","lon":43.64,"lat":3.12}]},{"date":"2026-03-04","text":"Parliament amended the constitution to extend presidential and parliamentary terms from four to five years, delaying elections planned for May 2026; opposition leaders rejected the change.","source":{"name":"Asharq Al-Awsat","url":"https://english.aawsat.com/world/5247786-somali-parliament-approves-constitution-change-extend-presidents-term-delay-election"}}],"parties":[{"id":"so","name":"Somalia","iso2":"SO","kind":"state","role":"The federal government and its armed forces."},{"id":"shabaab","name":"Al-Shabaab","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Al-Qaeda-affiliated armed group holding territory in southern and central Somalia."},{"id":"au","name":"African Union Support and Stabilization Mission (AUSSOM)","kind":"international_body","role":"The African Union force supporting the federal government since January 2025, successor to ATMIS and AMISOM. Uganda, which has troops in Somalia under it and under a separate bilateral agreement, began withdrawing them in late October."}],"fatalities":{"low":20888,"high":24871,"asOf":"2026-09-28","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 2,218 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 21,109, 1,492 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,080 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"20,888–24,871 (best estimate 21,109)","asOf":"2026-09-28","note":"2,218 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."}]},"displaced":{"value":4475716,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Somalia at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,347,408 displaced inside the country and 1,128,308 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Somalia, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=SOM","figure":"3,347,408 internally displaced; 1,128,308 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch: Somalia","url":"https://warwatch.ch/classification/somalia/","provides":"The start date: the non-international armed conflict between the Somali armed forces and al-Shabaab has run since at least 2006."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"20k–25k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[280,106,112,128,577,548,214,498,471,185,379,195,149,279,249,972,231,188,296,358,368,325,148,194],"recent":667,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"nigeria","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-nigeria-supported-by-the-mnjtf-and-iswap","non-international-armed-conflict-between-nigeria-supported-by-mnjtf-and-boko-haram-jas","non-international-armed-conflict-between-iswap-and-boko-haram"],"name":"Armed conflicts in Nigeria","shortName":"Nigeria","region":"Africa","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"Several distinct non-international armed conflicts in one country: a jihadist insurgency in the northeast, farmer-herder and communal violence in the middle belt, and organised armed banditry in the northwest.","startDate":"2009-07","bbox":[2.71,4.57,14.48,13.75],"center":[10.98,10.88],"summary":"Nigeria carries several separate armed conflicts at once. Boko Haram and its Islamic State-aligned splinter operate in the northeast, organised armed groups conduct mass kidnappings and raids in the northwest, and communal violence over land and pastoral routes runs through the middle belt. The three are frequently conflated in reporting despite having different parties and different drivers.","developments":[{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Gunmen killed a soldier and stole two weapons in an attack on Operation Enduring Peace troops at the Sopp checkpoint in Ungwan Boka, Riyom Local Government Area, Plateau State, at about 8 p.m. on Saturday, Premium Times reported. An army spokesperson called it a deliberate and unprovoked attack.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/922036-gunmen-kill-soldier-steal-weapons-at-plateau-checkpoint.html"},"places":[{"name":"Riyom","lon":8.7,"lat":9.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Gunmen attacked Sabon Angwa community, in Barkin Ladi Local Government Area of Plateau State, at about 8 p.m. on Thursday and killed at least four people despite a curfew, a resident told Premium Times. Security operatives could not be reached for confirmation.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/north-central/921574-gunmen-kill-four-in-plateau-community-despite-curfew.html"},"places":[{"name":"Barkin Ladi","lon":9,"lat":9.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Armed men invaded Nuru Suraj Estate in Millennium City, Chikun Local Government Area, Kaduna State, in the early hours of Tuesday and abducted about six people, according to residents. Premium Times said it could not obtain an immediate response from the Kaduna State Police Command.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/921060-fear-grips-kadunas-millennium-city-as-kidnappers-strike-again.html"},"places":[{"name":"Millennium City","lon":7.51,"lat":10.54}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"The National Emergency Management Agency's head in Taraba, Ladan Ayuba, said at least 62 people were killed and 52 wounded in Friday's attack on Binnari, in Karim-Lamido Local Government Area, and thousands displaced, the Associated Press reported. A Taraba police spokesperson said the figure was not definite as more bodies were being recovered.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via NY1","url":"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/ap-top-news/2026/10/27/at-least-62-people-killed-in-attack-on-a-community-in-northeastern-nigeria"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Two armed men on a motorcycle shot dead the Katsina-based Islamic cleric Sheikh Yahaya Masusuka and another man outside his residence on Monday evening, according to the Katsina State Police Command. Ansaru claimed responsibility in a video that Premium Times obtained on Tuesday.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/920695-ansaru-claims-responsibility-for-killing-of-katsina-cleric-sheikh-masusuka.html"},"places":[{"name":"Katsina","lon":7.6,"lat":12.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Taraba State Governor Agbu Kefas announced on Monday, after an emergency security meeting in Jalingo, that Karim-Lamido Local Government Area would stay designated an area of special security concern for another six months, following the 23 October attack on Binnari. He said those responsible would be identified, arrested and prosecuted.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/920611-taraba-killings-governor-extends-security-measures-by-six-months.html"}},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"The Taraba State government put the death toll from the attack on Binnari, in Karim-Lamido Local Government Area, at 25, while Amnesty International puts the number at 40, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/death-toll-rises-in-nigeria-s-taraba-massacre-as-residents-flee/4100279"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"The Katsina State Government said in a statement on Friday that community hunters killed 14 suspected bandits in a gun battle in Gidan Wawo village, Bakori Local Government Area, in which a hunter and a traveller also died. It said intelligence pointed to a possible reprisal attack.","source":{"name":"Daily Trust","url":"https://dailytrust.com/bandits-killed-as-hunters-repel-attack-in-katsina/"},"places":[{"name":"Bakori","lon":7.4,"lat":11.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"Gunmen attacked Binnari village in Taraba state on Friday and killed at least 40 people, Amnesty International said, adding that more bodies were recovered later. Police had earlier confirmed 10 deaths and said the attackers fired heavily and looted food from shops, Reuters reported.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/10/24/gunmen-kill-at-least-40-people-in-northeastern-nigeria-amnesty-international-says"},"places":[{"name":"Taraba","lon":10.7,"lat":8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"Bandits killed seven members of a local vigilante Joint Task Force and abducted an unspecified number of residents in Kaura Namoda town, Zamfara State, on Friday night, council chairman Munnir Haidara said. A resident told Daily Trust that more than 30 people may have been abducted; the council was still compiling figures.","source":{"name":"Daily Trust","url":"https://dailytrust.com/bandits-kill-7-vigilantes-abduct-over-30-residents-in-zamfara-community"},"places":[{"name":"Kaura Namoda","lon":6.59,"lat":12.59}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Gunmen killed four vigilantes on duty in Shurum, a village in Barkin Ladi Local Government Area, Plateau State, at about 11:56 p.m. on Friday, according to residents. The Berom Youth Moulders Association confirmed the four deaths. Efforts to reach the police for confirmation were unsuccessful, Premium Times reported.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/917848-gunmen-kill-four-vigilantes-in-plateau-community.html"},"places":[{"name":"Barkin Ladi","lon":9,"lat":9.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Security sources told Premium Times that jihadists, either Boko Haram or the Islamic State West Africa Province, attacked the military base in Mairari, Guzamala Local Government Area, Borno State, at midnight on Tuesday, and that 15 soldiers and five members of the Civilian Joint Task Force were killed. The military has not released a statement.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/917325-soldiers-terrorists-killed-in-midnight-terror-attack-on-borno-military-base.html"},"places":[{"name":"Mairari","lon":13.44,"lat":12.68}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"The Catholic Diocese of Gboko closed four institutions in Ihugh, Benue State, and withdrew its priests, sisters and other personnel over repeated attacks and arson, in a letter dated 12 October that cited the burning of student hostels at St Winifred Secondary School on 11 October among the incidents.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/916652-catholic-diocese-shuts-schools-hospital-parish-over-repeated-attacks.html"},"places":[{"name":"Ihugh","lon":9.03,"lat":7.01}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"Suspected cattle herders killed at least nine people in Tse-Nyaku, Tse-Biliji and adjoining communities of Ukum Local Government Area, Benue State, in attacks that began late on Friday, a local source said; residents fled and Premium Times could not independently verify the toll.","source":{"name":"Premium Times","url":"https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/north-central/916098-nine-die-in-benue-attacks-days-after-otukpo-killings.html"},"places":[{"name":"Ukum","lon":9.6,"lat":7.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Islamic State West Africa Province attacked troops of the 101 Special Forces Battalion at a base in the Kukawa area of Borno State on Tuesday, the Nigerian military said in a statement. The military said an unspecified number of soldiers were killed. A senior military officer told The Associated Press that 10 soldiers were killed.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via Arab News Pakistan","url":"https://www.arabnews.pk/world/daesh-group-affiliated-militants-attack-military-base-in-nigeria-killing-several-soldiers-3003496"},"places":[{"name":"Kukawa","lon":13.8,"lat":13.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Gunmen attacked a military base and a mining site in Bindin, in Maru Local Government Area of Zamfara State; eyewitnesses, victims and a community leader told The ICIR that eight soldiers, one policeman and at least 23 miners were killed. Reports of the toll conflict, and authorities confirmed the attacks without giving details.","source":{"name":"The ICIR","url":"https://www.icirnigeria.org/how-bandits-killed-dozens-of-miners-security-forces-in-zamfara/"},"places":[{"name":"Bindin","lon":6.34,"lat":11.68}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"A joint operation by the army, the State Security Services and the Amotekun regional security network killed Abdussamad Ohida, whom security officials identified as an Islamic State West Africa Province commander, and several members of his group in a forest in Owo, Ondo State, an army brigade spokesperson confirmed.","source":{"name":"Daily Trust","url":"https://dailytrust.com/security-agents-kill-iswap-commander-in-ondo/"},"places":[{"name":"Owo","lon":5.59,"lat":7.2}]},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Suspected Boko Haram fighters killed 15 farmers and firewood gatherers in the Ala and Musune wards of Marte, Borno State, local sources said; the state police command confirmed the attack.","source":{"name":"Leadership","url":"https://leadership.ng/boko-haram-kills-15-farmers-in-borno/"},"places":[{"name":"Marte","lon":13.83,"lat":12.4}]},{"date":"2026-09-26","text":"Armed gangs abducted at least 87 people over two days: 47 farmers in the Mariga area of Niger State and 40 women in Yargada, Zamfara State, AFP reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera and AFP","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/29/more-than-80-reported-abducted-in-nigeria-as-police-find-human-remains"},"places":[{"name":"Mariga","lon":5.9,"lat":10.6,"area":true},{"name":"Zamfara State","lon":6.4,"lat":12,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-07","text":"The New Humanitarian reported that the government and Boko Haram had observed a secret ceasefire since June; the government did not respond, and a Boko Haram judge later denied any truce.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/9/nigeria-boko-haram-reportedly-reach-secret-three-month-ceasefire"}},{"date":"2026-05-16","text":"A joint Nigerian and US operation in northern Nigeria killed Abu Bilal al-Minuki, whom President Trump called the Islamic State's second-in-command.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/05/16/isis-second-in-command-killed-in-joint-us-nigeria-operation/"}},{"date":"2026-02-03","text":"Gunmen killed at least 162 people in the villages of Woro and Nuku in Kwara State, the area's member of parliament said; no group claimed the attack.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via NBC News","url":"https://www.nbcnews.com/world/africa/extremists-kill-nigeria-village-attacks-rcna257450"},"places":[{"name":"Kwara State","lon":4.7,"lat":8.8,"area":true}]}],"parties":[{"id":"ng","name":"Nigeria","iso2":"NG","kind":"state","role":"The state party across all three conflict theatres."},{"id":"iswap","name":"Islamic State West Africa Province","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"The larger of the two jihadist factions in the northeast."},{"id":"bh","name":"Boko Haram (JAS)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"The original northeastern insurgent group, now the smaller faction."},{"id":"nw-armed-bands","name":"Armed bands in the north-west","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Organised armed groups, often called bandits, that carry out mass kidnappings and raids on villages in the north-west, among them the bands of Bello Turji and Dogo Gide. UCDP's provisional data codes their fighting with the government as a separate state-based conflict in 2026, at war level by September."}],"fatalities":{"low":23475,"high":36575,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 4,822 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 27,614, 5,185 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 6,781 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"23,475–36,575 (best estimate 27,614)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"4,822 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."}]},"displaced":{"value":4078845,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Nigeria at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,544,519 displaced inside the country and 534,326 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Nigeria, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=NIG","figure":"3,544,519 internally displaced; 534,326 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch: Nigeria","url":"https://warwatch.ch/classification/nigeria/","provides":"The start date: the conflict between Nigeria and Boko Haram, the oldest of its strands, has run since July 2009."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"23k–37k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[330,255,182,428,191,248,401,648,469,218,266,331,260,340,358,719,708,701,1035,1006,609,558,989,456],"recent":2003,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"syria","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-syria-and-the-sdf","non-international-armed-conflict-between-syria-and-islamic-state","non-international-armed-conflict-between-syria-and-pfgf","non-internatonal-armed-conflict-involving-turkiye-and-the-sna-against-the-sdf","non-international-armed-conflict-involving-the-cjtf-oir-and-the-sdf-against-islamic-state","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-united-states-and-iri","international-armed-conflict-between-syria-and-the-cjtf-oir","military-presence-of-turkiye-in-northern-syria","military-presence-of-israel-in-the-golan-eights-and-mount-hermon"],"name":"Armed conflicts in Syria","shortName":"Syria","region":"Middle East","status":"active","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"Multiple concurrent non-international armed conflicts, with several foreign states conducting operations on Syrian territory.","startDate":"2011-03","bbox":[35.79,32.49,42.28,37.18],"center":[37.69,35.35],"summary":"After the fall of the Assad government in December 2024, Syria's conflict landscape reconfigured rather than ended. The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, which had held much of the northeast, lost most of that territory to a government offensive in January 2026 and have since merged into the national army. Fighting continues between the new authorities and Islamic State remnants, and in the south: armed Druze groups hold Suweida, one of the few areas outside Damascus' control, and Israeli forces occupy positions inside Syria and make near-daily incursions into Quneitra and Daraa. Several other foreign states also conduct operations on Syrian territory.","developments":[{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Israeli forces entered the northern Quneitra countryside on Saturday evening, set up a temporary checkpoint on the road between Khan Arnabeh and Ofaniya, and detained four young men returning from picking olives, local sources told North Press. Two were released after about three hours; the whereabouts of the other two were unknown.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143293/"},"places":[{"name":"Quneitra","lon":35.9,"lat":33.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Landmines and unexploded ordnance killed three people and injured seven in separate explosions in Hasakah, Hama and Daraa on Friday, SANA reported. Across Syria, seven people, including three children, were killed and 11 injured in six such explosions between 24 and 30 October, according to health officials and Civil Defense authorities.","source":{"name":"SANA","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2355086/"},"places":[{"name":"Hasakah","lon":40.5,"lat":36.4,"area":true},{"name":"Hama","lon":37.3,"lat":35.3,"area":true},{"name":"Daraa","lon":36,"lat":32.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"A French national was killed and a Syrian civilian injured in a clash between an Internal Security Forces patrol and an armed group that left a camp housing French fighters in Idlib countryside, according to the governorate's Internal Security Command, North Press reported. The command said the group opened fire first.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143173/"},"places":[{"name":"Idlib","lon":36.5,"lat":35.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Israeli forces entered the village of al-Muallaqa in southern Quneitra late on Tuesday with seven military vehicles, searched homes and detained five residents, local sources told North Press. The five were questioned for about two hours and released near the separation line as the force withdrew toward the Golan Heights.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143170/"},"places":[{"name":"Quneitra","lon":35.9,"lat":33.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Syria and Jordan agreed in a phone call between Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shaibani and Ayman Safadi of Jordan to form a joint security committee to investigate Jordan's recent airstrikes inside Syria, North Press reported. Safadi expressed regret over civilian casualties and said the strikes were based on field intelligence.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143167/"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Syria closed its Nasib border crossing with Jordan, suspending passenger and commercial traffic in both directions, its General Authority for Ports and Customs said. Syria's Foreign Ministry said it had conveyed its objections to Jordan over airstrikes carried out without prior coordination, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/syria-closes-border-crossing-with-jordan-to-passengers-trade/4101844"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Unidentified gunmen on a motorcycle killed Hussein Ahmeid al-Shaher, a member of the Facilities Protection Guard under the Internal Security Forces, in the village of al-Dahla in eastern Deir ez-Zor countryside, local sources told North Press.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143113/"},"places":[{"name":"al-Dahla","lon":40.39,"lat":35.23}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Displaced Kurdish families who returned to Tel Abyad with property deeds were met with violence and vandalism on Monday. A survivor told Rudaw that around 70 to 80 vehicles were damaged and more than 200 people were trapped in a building for nearly nine hours. The United States condemned the attack, North Press reported.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143161/"},"places":[{"name":"Tel Abyad","lon":38.95,"lat":36.69}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Jordan said its air force struck what it described as militant hideouts in southern Syria after linking suspects in last week's church attack in Karak to 'terrorist groups' there. Syrian Civil Defence said seven people, including three children and a woman, were killed at four sites in Daraa and Sweida provinces, Reuters reported.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/jordan-says-its-air-force-struck-militant-hideouts-syria-after-church-attack"},"places":[{"name":"Daraa","lon":36,"lat":32.8,"area":true},{"name":"Sweida","lon":36.6,"lat":32.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"A government source told North Press that a drone targeted commander Abu Abdulrahman al-Libi in the town of Qara on the Damascus-Homs highway. SANA reported several casualties from an explosion inside a vehicle there. The circumstances had not been independently verified.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/143075/"},"places":[{"name":"Qara","lon":36.74,"lat":34.15}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"SANA, the Syrian state news agency, reported that what it called 'outlaw groups' in Sweida city had completely closed the Sweida-Damascus highway in both directions at the Um al-Zaytoun checkpoint, which they control, citing Qutaiba Azzam of the Sweida Media Department.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2353250/"},"places":[{"name":"Sweida","lon":36.6,"lat":32.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Two members of Syria's Internal Security Forces were killed and five injured during an operation against an Islamic State cell in Rankous, in western Damascus countryside, according to a security forces statement carried by North Press.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/142932/"},"places":[{"name":"Rankous","lon":36.39,"lat":33.76}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Syria's Foreign Ministry condemned the killing of a young man with disabilities by Israeli forces during an incursion into Jamla village in western Daraa governorate, holding Israeli forces fully responsible, North Press reported. The man was shot dead, according to Syrian media reports.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/142936/"},"places":[{"name":"Daraa","lon":36,"lat":32.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Armed groups launched explosive-laden drones at internal security posts in Syria's southern Suwayda province late on Tuesday, Syrian media reported. There were no immediate reports of casualties or damage, and the Syrian Interior Ministry had yet to comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/armed-groups-target-syrian-security-posts-in-suwayda-with-explosive-laden-drones/4095191"},"places":[{"name":"Suwayda","lon":36.8,"lat":32.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"US special envoy for Syria and Iraq Tom Barrack called on Israel to halt its military operations in Syria, saying President Ahmad al-Sharaa was ready for an understanding with Israel, including a non-aggression agreement that could pave the way to normalizing relations, North Press reported.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/142839/"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Syrian authorities announced the capture of Ali Kayali, known as Mihrac Ural, whom they accuse of involvement in the 2013 massacres in al-Bayda and Baniyas. Lebanese officials said he was seized from his home in Mansouriyeh and taken to Syria without their knowledge; a Syrian security source told AFP it was coordinated with Lebanon.","source":{"name":"North Press Agency","url":"https://npasyria.com/en/142744/"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"An Israeli force of eight military vehicles entered the Mazraat al-Hanoot area of southern Quneitra, expelled shepherds and fired live ammunition at a civilian water tanker before withdrawing, SANA reported. Earlier that day an Israeli patrol raided a home in Wadi al-Ruqqad in western Daraa and detained several young men for nearly an hour.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2350755/"},"places":[{"name":"Wadi al-Ruqqad","lon":35.8,"lat":32.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Four Road Security personnel were killed when unidentified assailants attacked two patrols on the Salamiya-Athriya road in the Hama countryside, Interior Ministry spokesperson Nour al-Din al-Baba said, according to Syrian state media.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/uncategorized/2350604/"},"places":[{"name":"Hama countryside","lon":37.3,"lat":35.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"The UN human rights office said Israel had carried out 280 armed incursions into southern Syria in September, the highest monthly figure recorded this year, and was holding 49 Syrians in detention, with released detainees alleging torture, beatings and threats against their families.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/10/10/israel-holding-49-syrians-after-280-armed-incursions-in-september-says-un/"}},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"Syria's Internal Security Forces said that, with the General Intelligence Service, they had dismantled an ISIS-linked cell in the Houla area of Homs countryside, arresting two members, seizing two improvised explosive devices and foiling planned attacks on places of worship and security patrols, Syrian state media reported.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2349300/"},"places":[{"name":"Houla","lon":36.5,"lat":34.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"The UN Security Council unanimously reaffirmed the need to fully respect the 1974 Disengagement Agreement and uphold Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity, in a statement delivered by Greece, which holds the council presidency, after consultations on the UN Disengagement Observer Force, Syrian state media reported.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/politics/2349289/"}},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Israeli forces entered the town of Jubata al-Khashab in northern Quneitra countryside, shot a man with a disability in the foot and detained him before withdrawing, Syrian state media reported.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2348789/"},"places":[{"name":"Jubata al-Khashab","lon":35.83,"lat":33.23}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Syria's interior ministry said on 6 October that security forces had arrested Khaled Raed Birouni in Hajira town, Damascus Countryside, describing him as the Islamic State's military commander in Homs and blaming him for the December 2025 bombing of a Homs mosque that killed eight people.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2348639/"},"places":[{"name":"Hajira","lon":36.33,"lat":33.44}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Israeli forces in several military vehicles entered the Beit Jinn area of western Damascus Countryside and blew up a military post formerly used by forces of the Assad government, Syrian state media reported.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2348155/"},"places":[{"name":"Beit Jinn","lon":35.88,"lat":33.31}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Israeli forces killed a man shortly after midnight in the part of southern Syria they occupy; the Israeli military said he had tried to infiltrate one of its posts but did not identify him or say whether he was armed.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/10/05/israeli-forces-kill-man-in-occupied-syrian-territory-amid-incursions/"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Israeli forces began clearing land near al-Asha in southern Quneitra to extend the 'Sufa 53 Line', an earth berm and trench inside the buffer zone, Syrian state media reported; Syria's foreign ministry called it a blatant breach of the 1974 disengagement agreement.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2348091/"},"places":[{"name":"Quneitra","lon":35.9,"lat":33.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"A car exploded near an Internal Security Forces checkpoint in Jazrat al-Buhamid, in Deir Ezzour countryside, injuring two people; a security source told Syrian state media that preliminary information pointed to an explosive device attached to the vehicle.","source":{"name":"SANA (Syrian state news agency)","url":"https://sana.sy/en/syria/2347335/"},"places":[{"name":"Deir Ezzour","lon":40.2,"lat":35.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"Syria's information ministry and Turkey denied a Reuters report that Syrian officials had met Hezbollah representatives secretly in Turkey in September.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/1/syria-denies-officials-held-secret-talks-with-hezbollah-in-turkiye"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Gunmen killed at least seven people on a bus carrying workers near the Masyaf bridge in western Syria, state media said; no group claimed the attack.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/30/gas-pipeline-explodes-in-syria-knocks-three-power-plants-offline"},"places":[{"name":"Masyaf","lon":36.34,"lat":35.06}]},{"date":"2026-09-09","text":"Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu visited an Israeli military position on Mount Hermon inside Syrian territory; Damascus condemned the visit and called for a return to the 1974 disengagement agreement.","source":{"name":"Security Council Report","url":"https://securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2026-10/syria-96.php"}},{"date":"2026-08-25","text":"SDF commander Mazloum Abdi announced in Damascus that the SDF had completed its merger with the Syrian military and would no longer operate as an independent force.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/8/25/kurdish-led-forces-in-syria-dissolve-after-merging-with-the-army"}},{"date":"2026-08-24","text":"The United States removed Syria from its list of state sponsors of terrorism, a designation in place since 1979.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/us/2026/08/24/syria-designation-revoked-terrorism-sponsor/"}},{"date":"2026-08-18","text":"Israel carried out eight air strikes on the Abu al-Duhur airbase in Idlib province; Netanyahu's office said the aim was to stop Turkish troops deploying there, and US envoy Tom Barrack called it an unnecessary escalation.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/8/18/eight-air-strikes-hit-airbase-in-syrias-idlib"},"places":[{"name":"Abu al-Duhur","lon":37.1,"lat":35.73}]},{"date":"2026-01-18","text":"The government announced a ceasefire with the Syrian Democratic Forces after pushing into SDF-held areas; under the agreement the SDF was to be dismantled and its forces were to join the state's military and security forces.","source":{"name":"AP via PBS NewsHour","url":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/syrian-government-agrees-to-ceasefire-with-kurdish-led-syrian-democratic-forces"}}],"parties":[{"id":"sy","name":"Syrian transitional authorities","iso2":"SY","kind":"state","role":"The authorities that took power after the fall of the Assad government in December 2024."},{"id":"sdf","name":"Syrian Democratic Forces","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Kurdish-led coalition that held much of the northeast. It lost most of that territory to a government offensive in January 2026 and on 25 August 2026 announced that it had completed its merger into the Syrian military and would no longer operate as an independent force."},{"id":"is","name":"Islamic State","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Insurgent remnants operating principally in the central desert and the east."},{"id":"il","name":"Israel","iso2":"IL","kind":"state","role":"Occupies positions inside Syria beyond the 1974 disengagement line, including on Mount Hermon, makes near-daily incursions into Quneitra and Daraa, and has struck Syrian military sites."},{"id":"suweida","name":"Druze armed groups in Suweida","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Armed groups in the southern governorate of Suweida, one of the few areas outside Damascus' control; clashes with government forces were reported in late August and early September 2026."}],"fatalities":{"low":18288,"high":21054,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 5,656 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 19,192, 5,100 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 599 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"18,288–21,054 (best estimate 19,192)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"5,656 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."}]},"displaced":{"value":10562346,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Syria at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 5,542,227 displaced inside the country and 5,020,119 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Syria, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=SYR","figure":"5,542,227 internally displaced; 5,020,119 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Encyclopaedia Britannica: Syrian Civil War","url":"https://www.britannica.com/event/Syrian-Civil-War","provides":"The start date: the war grew from the violent suppression of the uprising of March 2011, and continued after the fall of the Assad government in December 2024."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"18k–21k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[204,701,990,392,116,2244,25,33,57,431,41,37,21,10,42,122,74,54,59,54,60,71,65,40],"recent":176,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"yemen","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-yemen-and-the-houthis-also-called-ansar-allah","non-international-armed-conflict-between-the-houthis-and-the-united-states-and-the-united-kingdom-supported-by-states-participating-in-the-coalition-or-eu-defensive-mission","international-armed-conflict-between-yemen-and-israel","non-international-armed-conflict-between-israel-and-the-houthis","non-international-armed-conflict-between-yemen-and-al-qaeda-in-the-arabian-peninsula-aqap"],"name":"Yemen civil war","shortName":"Yemen","region":"Middle East","status":"active","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"The Geneva Academy classifies several concurrent situations here: a non-international armed conflict between Yemen and the Houthis (also called Ansar Allah), a separate one between the Houthis and the United States and United Kingdom, one between Yemen and al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, and an international armed conflict between Yemen and Israel.","startDate":"2014-09","bbox":[42.14,12.51,54.02,17.99],"center":[45.09,15.1],"summary":"After a 2022 truce froze the front lines for four years without a settlement, the war resumed in July 2026, when strikes on Sanaa airport ended what the Houthis called a de-escalation phase and they began firing missiles and drones at Saudi Arabia. In September the Houthis seized the port of Mocha and several Red Sea islands, extending their control over the Bab el-Mandeb, and fighting spread to Taiz, in what Reuters called the most serious Saudi-Houthi escalation since the truce. In October the government launched an offensive to retake all Houthi-held territory, backed by Saudi-led air and naval forces. Houthi attacks on Red Sea shipping from late 2023 had already opened a separate strand of hostilities drawing in external powers. The situation is best understood as several overlapping conflicts in one country, which is how the Geneva Academy classifies it.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"At least 20 civilians were killed and injured in a Houthi missile attack on the Al-Suqya health center in Yemen's southwestern Lahj province, according to state-run Saba satellite channel, which gave no breakdown. The Houthis did not immediately comment, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/20-civilians-killed-injured-in-houthi-missile-attack-on-health-center-in-yemen-media/4108749"},"places":[{"name":"Lahj","lon":44.9,"lat":13.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"Houthi-affiliated media reported seven people wounded in Saudi-led coalition air strikes on Hodeidah: four at the dock of Ras Isa port and three at an oil company site in Bajil district. The coalition did not comment.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/11/2/saudi-led-coalition-intercepts-a-missile-as-fighting-rages-in-yemens-al-jawf"},"places":[{"name":"Ras Isa","lon":42.62,"lat":15.2},{"name":"Bajil","lon":43.29,"lat":15.06}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Yemen's government said its forces recaptured military positions and strategic heights east of al-Hazm, the capital of al-Jawf governorate, and seized weapons and ammunition depots, according to the army's media centre. The Houthis said they had thwarted government advances in al-Jawf and neighbouring Marib, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/11/1/yemeni-government-forces-seize-strategic-positions-in-al-jawf"},"places":[{"name":"al-Hazm","lon":44.78,"lat":16.16}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"The UN human rights chief, High Commissioner Volker Türk, demanded an independent investigation into the death of Mohammad el Shami, a UN human rights office staff member held by the Houthi de facto authorities since 6 June 2024. His family said he died more than a month ago and learned of it only recently.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168716"}},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"UNHCR said more than 280,000 people in Yemen have been displaced by the fighting, and that aid teams cannot reach many of them because it is too dangerous. It said its appeal for Yemen was 19 per cent funded. About 9,500 refugees shelter in Kharaz camp in Lahj, close to the front line.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168706"}},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"The Houthis said they carried out six attacks on targets in Saudi Arabia on Thursday, including the Ras Tanura and Rabigh oil refineries, Saudi Aramco facilities in Abqaiq and airports in Riyadh and Dammam. Saudi Civil Defense said debris from two intercepted missiles injured a Saudi citizen in Riyadh and damaged a home and a vehicle, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/saudi-citizen-injured-in-riyadh-by-falling-debris-from-intercepted-houthi-ballistic-missiles-civil-defense/4105525"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"The Houthi health ministry said a Saudi strike on a residential area in Taiz province killed 12 people and critically injured three, in an initial toll shared by the Saba news agency, Agence France Presse reported. The strike hit the homes of two families in Al-Barah, Maqbana district.","source":{"name":"Agence France Presse via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323426-houthis-say-saudi-strike-kills-12-in-yemeni-residential-area"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz province","lon":43.6,"lat":13.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"Yemeni authorities said two civilians were injured and Aden International Airport was damaged on Wednesday when two ballistic missiles, which they said the Houthis launched, targeted it, suspending operations. Transport Minister Mohsen Haidara Al-Omari said normal operations resumed on Thursday after urgent runway repairs, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemen-s-aden-airport-resumes-operations-after-temporary-suspension-following-houthi-strike/4105505"},"places":[{"name":"Aden International Airport","lon":45.03,"lat":12.83}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"Houthi media said a Saudi strike on a petrol station in the city of Hazm, in northwestern Jawf province, killed at least 12 people on Wednesday. Al-Masirah TV reported 12 dead and 10 wounded 'including women and children', Agence France Presse reported.","source":{"name":"Agence France Presse via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323404-houthi-media-says-saudi-strike-on-petrol-station-in-yemen-kills-12"},"places":[{"name":"Hazm","lon":44.78,"lat":16.16}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"The Saudi-led coalition said its air defenses intercepted and destroyed three ballistic missiles launched by the Houthis toward Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province, Anadolu reported. The announcement gave no details on the intended targets, casualties or damage.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/saudi-led-coalition-intercepts-3-houthi-ballistic-missiles-targeting-kingdom-s-east/4101869"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Egypt's House of Representatives voted to authorise President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi to provide military support to Saudi Arabia against Houthi attacks, should Riyadh request assistance, Reuters reported. El-Sisi had said any Egyptian military action would be limited to protecting Saudi territory and borders, not attacking Yemen.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/26/egyptian-parliament-authorises-military-aid-for-saudi-arabia"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Coalition spokesman Turki al-Maliki said its forces destroyed four ballistic missile launchers and five tunnels used by the Houthis to store missiles, and attacked a missile depot, AFP and Reuters reported. The Houthis claimed a ballistic missile attack on Riyadh's airport; al-Maliki said Saudi air defences intercepted a missile launched towards Riyadh.","source":{"name":"AFP and Reuters via Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/26/saudi-led-coalition-says-it-struck-houthi-missile-facilities"}},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"Riyadh's King Khalid International Airport resumed flights, international from Terminal 2 and domestic from Terminal 1, after operations halted on 10 October when a Houthi attack killed 13 people and wounded more than 300. Houthi spokesman Yahya Saree warned the airport remained a 'military target', Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/25/saudi-arabia-intercepts-missiles-and-drones-as-fighting-with-houthis-rages"}},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"Debris from two intercepted Houthi ballistic missiles injured a Saudi citizen and an Asian expatriate resident in Khamis Mushayt and Ahad Rafidah, a Saudi Civil Defense spokesperson said. The coalition later said it intercepted 10 ballistic missiles fired toward southern Saudi Arabia.","source":{"name":"Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/debris-from-intercepted-houthi-missiles-injures-2-in-saudi-arabias-khamis-mushayt-ahad-rafidah-3008206"},"places":[{"name":"Khamis Mushayt","lon":42.73,"lat":18.3},{"name":"Ahad Rafidah","lon":42.84,"lat":18.18}]},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"Al Jazeera reported that the Houthis advanced on Jabal Sabr, the mountain overlooking Taiz, which has become the focus of fighting between the Houthis and Yemen's government forces. Houthi fighters have besieged the city and cut off the main road to Aden, it said.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/25/saudi-arabia-intercepts-missiles-and-drones-as-fighting-with-houthis-rages"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz","lon":44.02,"lat":13.58}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Saudi Civil Defence said shrapnel from two intercepted ballistic missiles, suspected to have been fired by the Houthis, fell in Jeddah, Taif, Rabigh and Wadi Al-Mughammas in Mecca province. The Houthis denied targeting Muslim holy sites. The Gulf Cooperation Council's secretary-general called the strikes a grave violation of the sanctity of the Holy Sites.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/25/saudi-air-defences-intercept-houthi-barrage-near-mecca"},"places":[{"name":"Jeddah","lon":39.17,"lat":21.55},{"name":"Taif","lon":40.42,"lat":21.27}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"The Houthi-run Yemen News Agency said Saudi aircraft carried out airstrikes on Sanaa, in the Asr and Hamdan areas, and on Mokha, claiming civilians were killed and wounded without giving figures. Riyadh did not immediately respond. The Saudi-led coalition said earlier that two Houthi ballistic missiles fired toward Taif and Yanbu were intercepted, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/houthis-claim-saudi-airstrikes-targeted-yemens-sanaa-mokha/4099633"},"places":[{"name":"Sanaa","lon":44.21,"lat":15.35},{"name":"Mokha","lon":43.25,"lat":13.32}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Yemeni authorities said the Houthis targeted Aden International Airport, a port in the al-Tawahi district and two coast guard facilities with ballistic missiles, Anadolu reported. No casualties were reported. Houthi spokesman Yahya Saree claimed strikes on a military gathering at al-Nasr camp and a naval base in Aden.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemen-says-houthis-target-aden-airport-port-and-coast-guard-facilities-with-ballistic-missiles/4099652"},"places":[{"name":"Aden","lon":45.03,"lat":12.79}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"OCHA spokesperson Jens Laerke said Taiz City had been cut off for 20 days, with access roads cut and very little fuel, food or other supplies reaching it. He said water production in the city had fallen by about half and truck water cost roughly tripled. WFP said more than 800,000 people in Taiz were cut off from assistance.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168654"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz","lon":44.02,"lat":13.58}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"The State Department ordered the departure of non-essential staff and families of US government employees from Saudi Arabia, including at the embassy in Riyadh and its satellite consulates, the Associated Press reported, citing deadly Houthi attacks and fears of escalation.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via AJC","url":"https://www.ajc.com/news/2026/10/us-orders-some-diplomats-to-leave-saudi-arabia-as-fears-of-escalating-houthi-attacks-rise/"}},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Saudi civil aviation authority GACA said two people, a Saudi citizen and an Indian resident, were killed and eight injured in an attack on King Fahd International Airport in Dammam. The energy ministry said a Filipino and a Nepali were killed by debris from a drone intercepted at the Shaybah oil field. Arab News attributed the attacks to the Houthis.","source":{"name":"Arab News","url":"https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/houthis-target-civilians-as-dammam-airport-and-energy-infrastructure-attacked-3007712"},"places":[{"name":"Dammam","lon":50.1,"lat":26.44},{"name":"Shaybah","lon":53.97,"lat":22.51}]},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"Yemen TV reported that the Houthis fired a ballistic missile at Aden airport, without saying whether it hit or caused casualties. Houthi spokesman Yahya Saree claimed the strike targeted the Saudi operations room at the Badr camp in Aden, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemen-reports-airstrikes-on-houthi-positions-missile-attack-on-aden-airport/4095442"},"places":[{"name":"Aden","lon":45.03,"lat":12.79}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"The UK government announced it would deploy Royal Air Force Typhoon fighter jets to Saudi Arabia for defensive missions against Houthi missile and drone attacks, but not offensive strikes, and would extend air-to-air refueling support for Saudi defensive air operations, including operations targeting Houthi military assets in Yemen.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/uk-to-deploy-typhoon-fighter-jets-to-saudi-arabia-for-defensive-missions/4094613"}},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"A Houthi attack on a government security forces training camp in Shabwa province killed 73 people, the provincial media office said, with 14 missing and more than 200 injured, according to governor Awad al-Wazir. Local authorities said three ballistic missiles hit on Monday. Houthi spokesperson Yahya Saree said the camp was run by Saudi forces.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/death-toll-houthi-attack-yemen-training-camp-rises-73"},"places":[{"name":"Shabwa","lon":46.6,"lat":14.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"An airstrike killed at least nine people, including five children and two women, and wounded 19 others in Sahar district of Saada province, the Houthi-run Health Ministry said, according to the Associated Press. Its spokesperson blamed Saudi Arabia, which did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"AP via News4JAX","url":"https://www.news4jax.com/news/world/2026/10/18/egypts-top-security-body-agrees-to-help-saudi-arabia-defend-itself-against-houthi-attacks/"},"places":[{"name":"Sahar","lon":43.7,"lat":16.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Egypt's top security body, the National Defense Council chaired by President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, decided to provide 'all possible forms of support' to enable Saudi Arabia to defend its security against Houthi attacks, according to a presidential statement. It gave no details. Sissi had asked parliament to authorize deploying troops abroad.","source":{"name":"AP via News4JAX","url":"https://www.news4jax.com/news/world/2026/10/18/egypts-top-security-body-agrees-to-help-saudi-arabia-defend-itself-against-houthi-attacks/"}},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"The Saudi-led coalition said it intercepted and destroyed two ballistic missiles launched by the Houthis toward Khamis Mushait in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Saudi Civil Defense issued, then lifted, danger alerts in Riyadh, Abha and Khamis Mushait. The coalition said it had earlier destroyed four drones over the Riyadh region, Eastern Province and southern Saudi Arabia.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/saudi-led-coalition-says-it-intercepted-2-houthi-ballistic-missiles-headed-for-southwestern-saudi-arabia/4092323"}},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"UNHCR said more than 250,000 people were displaced in Yemen between 1 August and 17 October, up from nearly 213,000 previously reported, with Taiz accounting for 76% of departures.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/more-than-250-000-displaced-in-yemen-since-august-as-fighting-escalates-unhcr/4094460"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz","lon":44,"lat":13.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi said Egypt would take all necessary measures to defend Saudi Arabia if Riyadh requested assistance, and called for parliamentary authorization. Egypt's parliament scheduled a plenary session for 18 October to consider the request, Al-Ahram reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/egyptian-parliament-to-discuss-authorizing-action-to-defend-saudi-arabia-if-requested/4092025"}},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"The International Committee of the Red Cross said the Houthis released 159 people they had recently detained, in a unilateral release by authorities in Sanaa outside the 2018 Stockholm Agreement. The Houthis said the detainees had voluntarily surrendered without fighting and were freed under an amnesty.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemen-s-houthis-release-159-detainees-in-sanaa-icrc/4092084"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Three civilians, including two women, were killed and five injured in Houthi shelling in the Sabir al-Mawadim district of Taiz province, the government-run Office of Siege Affairs said.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/3-civilians-killed-5-injured-in-houthi-shelling-in-yemen-s-taiz/4091662"},"places":[{"name":"Sabir al-Mawadim","lon":44.1,"lat":13.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"A Houthi missile strike on Al Maashiq presidential palace in Aden killed five security personnel and injured 16 others, The National reported. It was the first Houthi strike on the seat of government since fighting resumed. The government said it would keep operating from Aden.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/10/16/yemen-government-will-remain-in-aden-despite-houthi-attack-says-official/"},"places":[{"name":"Aden","lon":45.03,"lat":12.79}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"The Houthis said they would press on with attacks on airports and oil facilities in Saudi Arabia and urged shipping companies, civilians and workers to evacuate them, Reuters reported. The Saudi-led coalition said it intercepted a Houthi ballistic missile fired towards Riyadh. Authorities have closed Riyadh's airport until 17 October.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/yemens-houthis-vow-more-attacks-saudi-airports-oil-facilities-after-aramco-hq-hit"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"The UN World Food Programme said intensifying fighting had cut off life-saving assistance to 800,000 people in Yemen, including more than 600,000 in Taiz city whom it and partners cannot reach. Wheat flour stocks in Taiz are nearly depleted, it said.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168591"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"A woman was killed and three people were injured in Taiz province when a Houthi missile malfunctioned and fell after a failed launch attempt from Al-Shamayatayn, state-run Aljoumhouriya TV reported, citing local sources. There was no comment from the Houthis.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/woman-killed-3-injured-in-failed-houthi-missile-launch-from-yemen/4088683"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz province","lon":43.6,"lat":13.4,"area":true},{"name":"Al-Shamayatayn","lon":44,"lat":13.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"An attack on Tuesday on Aramco's headquarters in Dhahran started a fire that spread between the sixth and 10th floors, three people with knowledge of the matter told Reuters. Saudi Arabia's energy ministry said the Houthi strike caused a limited fire.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/saudi-aramco-headquarters-suffered-extensive-damage-houthi-attack-sources-say"},"places":[{"name":"Dhahran","lon":50.12,"lat":26.3}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Media outlets affiliated with the Houthis said air strikes by Saudi-backed forces hit the Yemeni Oil Company's al-Sabah central station in Sanaa after the Saudi-led coalition ordered civilians to evacuate it. Coalition spokesman Turki al-Maliki accused the Houthis of using the site for missiles and drones; the company said its storage was empty.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/13/houthis-threaten-saudi-arabias-aramco-facilities-and-airports"},"places":[{"name":"Sanaa","lon":44.21,"lat":15.35}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"Yemeni government forces said they took commanding heights around the Maas camp in the Medghal district of Marib governorate, and positions at al-Muqailat and Jabal Zajjar north of Harib district, a military source told Al Jazeera.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/13/deadly-houthi-attacks-in-yemens-taiz-as-government-forces-advance-in-marib"},"places":[{"name":"Medghal district","lon":45,"lat":15.6,"area":true},{"name":"Harib district","lon":45.4,"lat":14.9,"area":true},{"name":"Marib governorate","lon":45.3,"lat":15.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"One person was killed and 11 were wounded when a projectile struck the airport in Riyadh, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/13/houthis-threaten-saudi-arabias-aramco-facilities-and-airports"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Saudi Arabia said King Fahd International Airport in Dammam had been attacked and that another attack on King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh had caused injuries. Houthi military spokesman Yahya Saree claimed both, and attacks on Aramco's Shedgum gas plant and Tanajib oil facility in the Eastern Province.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/saudi-arabia-says-dammam-airport-attacked-as-houthis-claim-strikes-on-aviation-oil-facilities/4085457"},"places":[{"name":"Dammam","lon":50.1,"lat":26.44},{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Yemen's cabinet, meeting in Aden under Prime Minister Shaya al-Zindani, approved a draft law designating the Houthi group a terrorist organization and criminalizing its activities and financing, and ordered the procedures for its ratification to be completed.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemeni-government-approves-draft-law-designating-houthis-terrorist-organization-/4085307"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"A Houthi attack on King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh killed 12 people and injured 309, Saudi authorities said. An Indian national died of his injuries on 11 October, raising the toll to 13, the Indian Embassy said.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/death-toll-from-riyadh-airport-attack-rises-to-13-as-indian-national-succumbs-to-injuries/4085387"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"President Donald Trump said the US may join Saudi strikes against the Houthis in Yemen after the attack on the Riyadh airport, telling reporters Washington would make a decision quickly.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/trump-says-us-may-join-saudi-strikes-against-houthis-in-yemen/4084719"}},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"UN Special Envoy Hans Grundberg told the Security Council that Yemen had slid back into full-scale war, with civilians bearing the brunt, and urged members to back mediation, saying battlefield gains could not substitute for negotiations.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/9/un-envoy-warns-yemen-has-returned-to-full-scale-war-urges-dialogue"}},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"Houthi attacks on King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh killed an airline pilot and two other Saudi citizens and wounded several people, Saudi Arabia's General Authority of Civil Aviation said. A Houthi military spokesperson said a ballistic missile had hit the airport.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/9/saudi-arabia-reopens-riyadh-airport-after-houthi-attack-kills-three"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Saudi Arabia's civil aviation authority said Houthi-claimed attacks on Abha International Airport and King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh had killed three civilians, a Moroccan and an Algerian woman at Abha and a Sudanese citizen in Riyadh, and injured 36.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/7/saudi-arabia-says-three-foreign-nationals-killed-in-attacks-on-airports"},"places":[{"name":"Abha International Airport","lon":42.65,"lat":18.24},{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Two missiles fired by the Houthis targeted Aden International Airport, in the government's interim capital, early on 7 October, local security authorities said, reporting no casualties.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/2-houthi-missiles-target-aden-international-airport-in-southern-yemen/4080344"},"places":[{"name":"Aden International Airport","lon":45.03,"lat":12.83}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Government-aligned Homeland Shield Forces launched an operation to retake al-Waziiya district in Taiz governorate, the army's media centre said, claiming hills overlooking al-Mansoura; the Houthis said they had repelled the advance.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/7/yemeni-forces-launch-offensive-to-retake-houthi-held-al-waziiya-in-taiz"},"places":[{"name":"al-Waziiya","lon":43.7,"lat":13.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Nation's Shield Forces said their troops had captured the highest peak in Jabal Habashi district of Taiz province after clashes with the Houthis, who did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemeni-government-forces-seize-key-mountain-peak-in-taiz-province/4080333"},"places":[{"name":"Jabal Habashi","lon":43.9,"lat":13.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Taiz military axis said government forces had retaken the Jabal al-Manzara, al-Asharif and Dhiban mountains in Hayfan district, south of Taiz.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/features/roundup-yemen-fighting-intensifies-as-government-forces-report-gains-against-houthis/4079547"},"places":[{"name":"Hayfan","lon":44.3,"lat":13.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Houthi shelling killed at least six civilians and injured four, among them women and children, in villages of the Al-Mawasit and Al-Misrakh districts south of Taiz, the state-run Saba news agency reported; the Houthis did not comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/6-civilians-killed-4-injured-in-houthi-shelling-south-of-taiz-yemen-state-media/4080139"},"places":[{"name":"Al-Mawasit","lon":44.1,"lat":13.3,"area":true},{"name":"Al-Misrakh","lon":44,"lat":13.5,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Houthis said a ballistic missile had directly hit Abha International Airport and disrupted air traffic, and that missiles fired at Saudi forces at Al-Daghareer camp in Jazan caused dozens of casualties; Saudi Arabia did not immediately comment.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/houthis-claim-missile-attack-on-abha-airport-in-southwestern-saudi-arabia/4079570"},"places":[{"name":"Abha International Airport","lon":42.65,"lat":18.24},{"name":"Jazan","lon":42.7,"lat":17.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Saudi-led coalition said it had destroyed a depot holding 20 ballistic missiles at a mountainous site in Saada province and struck a missile launch site in Sanaa, the Saudi Press Agency reported.","source":{"name":"Yeni Safak, citing the Saudi Press Agency","url":"https://en.yenisafak.com/world/saudi-led-coalition-destroys-ballistic-missile-depot-in-yemen-3724189"},"places":[{"name":"Saada province","lon":43.9,"lat":17.1,"area":true},{"name":"Sanaa","lon":44.21,"lat":15.35}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Yemen's armed forces said they had advanced for a second day on the southern front of Marib province, taking the Thamad, al-Qaima and al-Muqailat mountain ranges; a military source quoted by the state news agency Saba said the clashes left dozens of Houthis killed, wounded or captured.","source":{"name":"SANA, citing Yemen's Saba news agency","url":"https://sana.sy/en/middle-east/2348630/"},"places":[{"name":"Marib province","lon":45.3,"lat":15.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Saudi Arabia's energy minister said the East-West oil pipeline to the Red Sea was pumping 5.8 million barrels a day again, two days after an attack had halted it.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/6/saudi-arabia-says-east-west-pipeline-pumping-5-8-million-bpd"}},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Yemen's army said about 100 Houthi fighters were killed and 150 wounded in operations on fronts north, south and west of Taiz city, and the Saudi-led coalition said its aircraft had struck 324 high-value targets in the offensive.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/features/roundup-yemen-fighting-intensifies-as-government-forces-report-gains-against-houthis/4079547"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz city","lon":44.02,"lat":13.58}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"The Houthis said on the night of 5 October that they had struck Riyadh airport and a refinery belonging to Saudi Aramco; AFP said claims by both sides had been impossible to verify independently.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322924-yemen-s-houthis-claim-attack-on-riyadh-airport-deny-losing-territory"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh airport","lon":46.71,"lat":24.96}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Yemen's military said its forces had driven the Houthis from areas around the Bab el-Mandeb strait and from the port of Mocha. The Houthis said they still held all the territory they seized in September, and military sources with the government would not confirm Mocha's recapture, AFP reported.","source":{"name":"AFP via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/yemens-houthis-claim-attack-riyadh-airport-deny-losing-territory"},"places":[{"name":"Mocha","lon":43.25,"lat":13.32},{"name":"Bab el-Mandeb","lon":43.3,"lat":12.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"The Saudi-led coalition confirmed it had joined the government's offensive, saying 100 of its fighter jets were providing air support, and said Saudi naval forces had launched an operation against the Houthis in Hodeidah governorate.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/6/saudi-arabia-says-three-wounded-in-attacks-on-airports-near-yemen-border"},"places":[{"name":"Hodeidah","lon":42.8,"lat":15.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Attacks on the evening of 5 October hit King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz airport in Jazan and Najran airport, wounding three people and causing material damage, Saudi Arabia's civil aviation authority said. The Houthis said they had targeted airports and military sites across southern Saudi Arabia.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/6/saudi-arabia-says-three-wounded-in-attacks-on-airports-near-yemen-border"},"places":[{"name":"Jazan","lon":42.57,"lat":16.9},{"name":"Najran","lon":44.42,"lat":17.61}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Turkey and Pakistan agreed at an emergency meeting in Riyadh to prepare forces and other military support for rapid deployment to Saudi Arabia under their trilateral defence pact, as Houthi attacks on the kingdom continued.","source":{"name":"Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/turkey-pakistan-deploy-forces-saudi-arabia-amid-houthi-attacks"}},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"IOM said fighting had displaced more than 184,000 people in Yemen between 1 August and 4 October, most of them since the start of September, including 6,474 people on 4 October alone.","source":{"name":"IOM, via ReliefWeb","url":"https://reliefweb.int/report/yemen/new-iom-data-yemen-displacement-reaches-184000"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Houthi forces cut the main supply route linking Taiz to Aden, the government's interim capital, effectively encircling Taiz city, which remains under government control, AFP reported.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322919-yemen-saudi-arabia-target-houthis-in-new-campaign-as-war-escalates"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz","lon":44.02,"lat":13.58}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"An attack again halted pumping on Saudi Arabia's East-West oil pipeline to the Red Sea, a key export route while the Strait of Hormuz is closed, a source in the Saudi energy sector told AFP.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322919-yemen-saudi-arabia-target-houthis-in-new-campaign-as-war-escalates"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Rashad al-Alimi, chair of the Presidential Leadership Council, announced military operations to retake all remaining Houthi-held territory 'until the country is liberated from the Houthis'. The Houthis claimed missile and drone attacks on Saudi Aramco sites in Riyadh and Khurais.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/4/yemens-leader-announces-military-operation-to-retake-houthi-held-territory"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64},{"name":"Khurais","lon":48.2,"lat":25.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"The Saudi-led coalition's spokesman called Houthi claims of an attack on Riyadh 'misleading'.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/4/houthi-claims-of-targeting-riyadh-are-misleading-saudi-led"}},{"date":"2026-10-03","text":"The Houthis said they attacked an Aramco facility in Riyadh with ballistic missiles and drones in retaliation for Saudi strikes on Sanaa. A large plume of smoke and fire was seen near an Aramco facility in Riyadh; Saudi authorities did not immediately confirm an attack.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Yahoo News","url":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/world/articles/fire-smoke-seen-near-aramco-114826490.html"},"places":[{"name":"Riyadh","lon":46.72,"lat":24.64}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"Fighting around Taiz killed dozens: the Houthis reported 55 of their fighters killed and government sources told AFP 26 troops had died. The Houthis said Saudi Arabia had launched 94 strikes on areas they hold in 24 hours.","source":{"name":"AFP via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/yemen-government-forces-say-struck-houthi-targets"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz","lon":44.02,"lat":13.58}]},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"The government's military spokesperson said its warplanes struck Houthi positions in Taiz province 20 times in three hours, as fighting spread across the province; Reuters said the conflict had displaced tens of thousands.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/yemen-carried-out-20-strikes-houthi-targets-taiz-province-spokesperson-says"},"places":[{"name":"Taiz province","lon":43.6,"lat":13.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"AFP correspondents heard loud explosions in Sanaa as the government's military said it had struck Houthi targets in Sanaa, Saada and Taiz.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322871-blasts-rock-sanaa-as-ksa-says-houthis-hit-power-station-supplying-holy-site"},"places":[{"name":"Sanaa","lon":44.2,"lat":15.35},{"name":"Saada","lon":43.76,"lat":16.94},{"name":"Taiz","lon":44.02,"lat":13.58}]},{"date":"2026-09-29","text":"The Saudi-led coalition said a Houthi drone struck an electricity station in Medina that supplies the Prophet's Mosque; the Houthis denied involvement.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322871-blasts-rock-sanaa-as-ksa-says-houthis-hit-power-station-supplying-holy-site"},"places":[{"name":"Medina","lon":39.61,"lat":24.47}]},{"date":"2026-09-25","text":"The chair of the Presidential Leadership Council, Rashad al-Alimi, called for a general mobilisation and offered an amnesty to Houthi fighters who defect.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/26/yemeni-leader-urges-public-to-enlist-offers-amnesty-to-houthi-defectors"}},{"date":"2026-09-25","text":"France said it was sending forces to protect Saudi Arabia's Yanbu oil terminal, as Pakistan and Turkey prepared military talks with Riyadh.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/25/saudi-arabia-allies-line-up-support-as-houthi-attacks-mount"}},{"date":"2026-09-24","text":"The Saudi-led coalition said it intercepted six ballistic missiles fired by the Houthis towards Taif and the Yanbu area.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/24/saudi-led-coalition-says-shot-down-6-ballistic-missiles-launched-by-houthis"}},{"date":"2026-09-10","text":"The Houthis seized the Red Sea city of Mocha from government-aligned forces, extending their control over the Bab el-Mandeb.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/10/yemens-houthis-seize-strategic-red-sea-city-of-mocha"},"places":[{"name":"Mocha","lon":43.25,"lat":13.32}]},{"date":"2026-09-08","text":"The Houthis launched missiles and drones at Abha, Khamis Mushait, Jazan and Najran in southwestern Saudi Arabia; the Saudi-led coalition said at least 73 people were wounded.","source":{"name":"CNN","url":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/09/08/middleeast/houthis-attack-saudi-arabia-yemen-intl-hnk"},"places":[{"name":"Abha","lon":42.5,"lat":18.22},{"name":"Khamis Mushait","lon":42.73,"lat":18.3},{"name":"Jazan","lon":42.56,"lat":16.89},{"name":"Najran","lon":44.22,"lat":17.54}]},{"date":"2026-07-13","text":"Air strikes hit Sanaa airport; the government said it had targeted the runway to stop an Iranian aircraft landing, and the Houthis blamed Saudi Arabia. That evening the Houthis fired missiles and drones at Saudi Arabia, saying a 'de-escalation phase' had ended.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/07/13/yemen-rebels-announce-end-of-de-escalation-phase-after-sanaa-airport-strikes/"},"places":[{"name":"Sanaa","lon":44.22,"lat":15.47}]}],"parties":[{"id":"ye","name":"Yemeni government","iso2":"YE","kind":"state","role":"The internationally recognised government."},{"id":"houthi","name":"Houthi movement (Ansar Allah)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Controls the capital and much of the north and west. Seized Mocha and more of the Bab el-Mandeb shore in September 2026; on 5 October the government said it had retaken Mocha and the areas around the strait, which the Houthis deny; on 11 October an Al Jazeera correspondent in Sanaa reported that Mocha, Dhubab and the Bab al-Mandeb remained under Houthi control. Has attacked Saudi cities, airports and energy infrastructure since July 2026, and Red Sea shipping from late 2023."},{"id":"sa","name":"Saudi-led coalition","iso2":"SA","kind":"coalition","role":"Foreign state coalition supporting the recognised government. Since July 2026 Saudi Arabia has again been in direct hostilities with the Houthis, its territory attacked and Houthi-held areas, including Sanaa, reported struck. In October it confirmed it had joined the government's offensive, with 100 of its fighter jets in support and a naval operation in Hodeidah."}],"fatalities":{"low":33903,"high":68700,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 3,398 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 42,239, 3,729 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 5,096 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Yemen's indirect death toll from famine and collapsed health services has been estimated by UN agencies at a level comparable to or exceeding the direct toll. No incident-level record of those deaths exists, so they are not represented in this figure.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"33,903–68,700 (best estimate 42,239)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"3,398 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."},{"name":"World Health Organization and Health Cluster, Yemen conflict escalation situation report 9","url":"https://reliefweb.int/report/yemen/conflict-escalation-yemen-situation-report-9-reporting-period-20-25-october-2026-issued-28-october-2026","figure":"1,677 killed among 9,072 casualties since 6 August 2026","asOf":"2026-10-25","note":"Casualties of the escalation since 6 August 2026 counted by health partners, a narrower window than UCDP's count since 2020 and not added to it. The WHO says communication blackouts block real-time data from both sides, so its figures are a minimum."}]},"displaced":{"value":4879170,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Yemen at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 4,795,983 displaced inside the country and 83,187 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Yemen, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=YEM","figure":"4,795,983 internally displaced; 83,187 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"IMF PortWatch","url":"https://portwatch.imf.org/","provides":"Daily transit counts through the Bab el-Mandeb and other maritime chokepoints affected by the conflict."},{"name":"Encyclopaedia Britannica: Yemeni Civil War","url":"https://www.britannica.com/event/Yemeni-Civil-War","provides":"The start date: the war is dated from the Houthi seizure of Sanaa in September 2014, before the Saudi-led intervention of March 2015 widened it."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"33k–69k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[22,29,82,49,59,344,554,114,48,45,51,114,48,59,233,158,56,68,57,56,55,199,1270,3177],"recent":4646,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"haiti","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-haiti-and-viv-ansanm"],"name":"Haiti gang conflict","shortName":"Haiti","region":"Americas","status":"active","classification":"niac","classificationNote":"Assessed by several legal bodies as reaching the threshold of a non-international armed conflict, on the basis of the organisation of the armed groups involved and the intensity of the violence, rather than being treated purely as criminality.","startDate":"2021-07-07","bbox":[-73.75,18.19,-71.85,19.78],"center":[-72.36,18.64],"summary":"Following the assassination of the president in July 2021, organised armed groups took control of most of the capital and much of the surrounding region, and large parts of the population face acute food insecurity. In September 2025 the UN Security Council authorised a Gang Suppression Force of up to 5,500 uniformed personnel to succeed the Kenyan-led mission deployed in 2024; its first troops arrived in April 2026, it had over 2,000 personnel from six countries by 19 October, and its mandate now runs to March 2027. In late October El Salvador began sending over 2,000 troops to rescue four Salvadoran members of the force missing since an ambush. In 2026 the Viv Ansanm gang coalition has weakened as its gangs fight each other, and the UN attributes many of the year's dead and injured to security-force operations against gangs, some involving a foreign private military company using explosive drones.","developments":[{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Gang members launched a new attack in Bési, in the commune of Arcahaie, at around 2:00 a.m. on 31 October, and police special units including the BOID and CIMO responded, iciHaiti reported. The National Police said they were maintaining their positions in the commune.","source":{"name":"iciHaiti","url":"https://www.icihaiti.com/en/news-48793-arcahaie-pnh-inflicts-heavy-casualties-on-terrorists.html"},"places":[{"name":"Arcahaie","lon":-72.51,"lat":18.77}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Dozens of Salvadoran soldiers carried out their first patrols in Port-au-Prince on 30 October, in Tabarre near the Santo area, where four GSF technicians went missing after an ambush on 18 October, HaitiLibre reported. The contingent arrived with 7 helicopters.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48802-haiti-anti-gang-salvadoran-combat-air-fleet-in-haiti.html"},"places":[{"name":"Tabarre","lon":-72.25,"lat":18.56},{"name":"Port-au-Prince","lon":-72.34,"lat":18.55}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Haitian National Police units killed approximately 20 gang members in an operation on 29 October in Bési, in the commune of Arcahaie, including a gang leader known as Galaxy, iciHaiti reported. Local sources suggested that kamikaze drones played a key role in the operation.","source":{"name":"iciHaiti","url":"https://www.icihaiti.com/en/news-48793-arcahaie-pnh-inflicts-heavy-casualties-on-terrorists.html"},"places":[{"name":"Arcahaie","lon":-72.51,"lat":18.77}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador said on 28 October that it would deploy more than 2,000 soldiers to Haiti to rescue four Salvadoran military technicians, members of the Gang Suppression Force, missing since a gang ambush on 18 October. President Nayib Bukele spoke by phone with Haitian Prime Minister Alix Didier Fils-Aimé, the statement said.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48772-haiti-flash-el-salvador-confirms-the-deployment-of-more-than-2-000-salvadoran-soldiers-to-haiti.html"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"A government source told Le Nouvelliste that 690 Salvadoran troops arrived in Haiti on 27 October, bringing the Salvadoran contingent to 1,300 soldiers. The source said equipment had been sent on three planes and called the deployment 'not an invasion of the country'.","source":{"name":"Le Nouvelliste","url":"https://lenouvelliste.com/en/article/273358/1300-salvadoran-troops-already-deployed-in-haiti"}},{"date":"2026-10-25","text":"Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele said on 24 October that human remains handed to the Gang Suppression Force at Toussaint Louverture International Airport did not belong to the four missing Salvadoran soldiers. The force said on 25 October that it had received burned remains suspected to be theirs but could not yet confirm their identities.","source":{"name":"The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/25/bukele-denies-bodies-haiti-anti-gang-force-salvadoran-soldiers/"}},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"El Salvador deployed a new contingent of special forces to Haiti to support the search for four Salvadoran soldiers missing since a gang ambush in Croix-des-Bouquets, the Gang Suppression Force (GSF) said. The contingent included 100 special forces soldiers, with another 100 expected later, according to the Associated Press.","source":{"name":"The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/23/salvadoran-contingent-arrives-haiti-search-four-missing-soldiers/"}},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"The Haitian National Police (PNH), supported by a task force and the Gang Suppression Force (FRG), have been conducting a major operation since 18 October across several areas of the Plaine du Cul-de-Sac, including Croix-des-Missions, Santo, Carrefour Marassa and the Dyo corridor, HaitiLibre reported. Its stated objectives include dismantling illegal toll checkpoints and thwarting kidnapping attempts.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48722-zapping-haiti-of-october-22-2026.html"},"places":[{"name":"Plaine du Cul-de-Sac","lon":-72.2,"lat":18.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Members of the 'Gran Grif' gang attacked the locality of Chandelle, between Verrettes and Liancourt, during the night of 22 to 23 October, HaitiLibre reported. According to initial reports, several people were injured and warehouses used for storing rice were set on fire.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48739-zapping-haiti-of-october-24-2026.html"},"places":[{"name":"Verrettes","lon":-72.5,"lat":19.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"UN envoy Carlos Ruiz Massieu told the Security Council that more than a thousand people were killed and over 100 abducted in gang violence between July and September, and that repeated announcements of election dates without a feasibility check weaken trust in institutions. Force representative Jack Christofides said it had deployed over 2,000 personnel from six countries.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/19/search-under-way-for-four-soldiers-missing-after-gang-attack-in-haiti"}},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"Gangs attacked a Gang Suppression Force armoured vehicle in Croix-des-Bouquets, north of Port-au-Prince, on Sunday. Salvadoran ambassador Egriselda Lopez told the Security Council that firearms and explosive devices set it on fire. The four Salvadoran aviation technicians aboard fled it but were still missing on 19 October; Al Jazeera and AP called it the first major attack on the force.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/19/search-under-way-for-four-soldiers-missing-after-gang-attack-in-haiti"},"places":[{"name":"Croix-des-Bouquets","lon":-72.23,"lat":18.58}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Three unidentified helicopters killed three people at Granfon, the fourth communal section of Saint-Marc, on the evening of 17 October, Le Nouvelliste reported. Wilbert Michel, president of the section's administrative council, said the victims, a father, son and nephew, were struck by several projectiles at their home in Lexandre.","source":{"name":"Le Nouvelliste","url":"https://lenouvelliste.com/article/273124/trois-morts-lors-dune-attaque-dhelicopteres-a-granfon"},"places":[{"name":"Saint-Marc","lon":-72.7,"lat":19.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"Several members of the '103 zonbi' gang were fatally wounded in operations by law enforcement in coordination with the FRG force in Gressier, HaitiLibre reported. The city hall's director general, Claudy Alexis, said police had reclaimed several areas and destroyed boats the gang used to extort people at sea.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48679-zapping-haiti-of-october-16-2026.html"},"places":[{"name":"Gressier","lon":-72.52,"lat":18.54}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"The UN Security Council renewed its Haiti sanctions regime on 14 October, extending the work of its sanctions committee by 13 months, UN News reported. The regime combines an arms embargo, a travel ban and an asset freeze; nine individuals and two groups are currently sanctioned.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168598"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"The national police (PNH) began an operation against armed groups in Gressier, in the Ouest department, at about 4 a.m., with SWAT, BRI and UDMO units, a helicopter and drones fitted with explosive devices, Juno7 reported. No official toll had been released.","source":{"name":"Juno7","url":"https://www.juno7.ht/gressier-la-pnh-lance-une-operation-contre-des-groupes-armes/"},"places":[{"name":"Gressier","lon":-72.52,"lat":18.54}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Gros-Morne's interim mayor, Hubert Cénéac, told The Haitian Times that at least 34 people, 19 civilians and 15 suspected gang members, were killed in the gang retaliation that followed a late-September security operation there, and urged residents of gang-controlled areas to leave.","source":{"name":"The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/14/haiti-gros-morne-urges-evacuation-security-operation/"},"places":[{"name":"Gros-Morne","lon":-72.68,"lat":19.67}]},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"At least 10,197 people were forced to flee their homes after armed gang attacks in Gros-Morne, in the Artibonite department, between 28 September and 13 October, according to the latest report from the International Organization for Migration, HaitiLibre reported.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48679-zapping-haiti-of-october-16-2026.html"},"places":[{"name":"Gros-Morne","lon":-72.68,"lat":19.67}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"The Gang Suppression Force held an official ceremony marking its operational launch at the Vertières military base in Tabarre, attended by Prime Minister Alix Didier Fils-Aimé and representatives of the six current troop-contributing nations: Guatemala, El Salvador, Chad, Mongolia, Jamaica and Sri Lanka. The Prime Minister said the State must regain control of its territory.","source":{"name":"HaitiLibre","url":"https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-48624-haiti-flash-operational-launch-of-the-gang-suppression-force.html"}},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"A revised decree by Haiti's Provisional Electoral Council dropped the requirement that candidates show their assets are free from sanctions by a foreign country, AP reported; politicians sanctioned by the U.N. Security Council, nine Haitians who are nearly all gang leaders, remain barred from running.","source":{"name":"AP via The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/09/haiti-electoral-council-drops-foreign-sanctions-rule/"}},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"A UN Panel of Experts report to the Security Council, shared by BINUH, alleged that former Arcahaie mayor Rosemila Sainvil Petit-Frère financed gang leaders, laundered money and leaked confidential information about at least three planned police operations to members of the Viv Ansanm coalition. She disputed the allegations in a letter to the panel.","source":{"name":"The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/08/un-accuses-former-mayor-of-funding-haitis-gangs-leaking-police-info-to-them/"}},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Haiti's Provisional Electoral Council postponed the official election campaign, which had been due to start on 5 October, and extended candidate registration to 31 October; it said a revised calendar would follow and did not confirm whether the 13 December first round would stand.","source":{"name":"The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/06/haiti-delays-election-campaign-extends-candidate-registration-to-oct-31/"}},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Juno7 reported on 6 October that security forces in Kenscoff had restored a presence in Godet, Viard 1, Viard 2 and Bois-d'Avril and retaken the Belot area, after weeks of pressure and sometimes violent clashes with armed groups.","source":{"name":"Juno7","url":"https://www.juno7.ht/kenscoff-forces-ordre-progression-zones-reprises/"},"places":[{"name":"Kenscoff","lon":-72.29,"lat":18.45}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Hundreds of Gang Suppression Force personnel, backed by armoured vehicles and helicopters, deployed in Tabarre and dismantled several barricades, the force said, as part of wider patrols and operations in the Ouest and Artibonite departments.","source":{"name":"Le Nouvelliste","url":"https://lenouvelliste.com/article/272652/la-frg-deployee-a-tabarre"},"places":[{"name":"Tabarre","lon":-72.25,"lat":18.56}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Daniela Kroslak, head of the UN Support Office in Haiti, told AP the Gang Suppression Force stood at almost 1,600 personnel and would likely double soon, as a new wave of kidnappings hit the capital region.","source":{"name":"AP via The Haitian Times","url":"https://haitiantimes.com/2026/10/04/haiti-kidnappings-rise-general-election/"}},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"UN High Commissioner Volker Türk told the Human Rights Council that at least 5,700 people had been killed or injured by gangs or in operations against them this year, and that the Gang Suppression Force remained far below the strength it needs.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168511"}},{"date":"2026-09-29","text":"The Security Council adopted resolution 2829, extending the Gang Suppression Force's mandate for six months to 31 March 2027, by 12 votes to none with China, Pakistan and Russia abstaining.","source":{"name":"UN press release SC/16466","url":"https://press.un.org/en/2026/sc16466.doc.htm"}},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"Armed violence in Gros-Morne, Artibonite, displaced about 5,254 people (1,214 households), most of whom took refuge with host families, the International Organization for Migration said.","source":{"name":"IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix, via ReliefWeb","url":"https://reliefweb.int/attachments/c419c656-1144-5b46-a3a4-5ddf4bb40635/ETT%20110%20-%20Displacement%20in%20Gros-Morne%20%28Artibonite%29.pdf"},"places":[{"name":"Gros-Morne","lon":-72.68,"lat":19.67}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"Gang members killed at least 11 people in the Artibonite region in reprisal after a Sri Lankan Gang Suppression Force unit pushed them back from illegal toll points, the local mayor said; the force said its operation left three gang members dead.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Internazionale","url":"https://www.internazionale.it/ultime-notizie-reuters/2026/09/29/haiti-gang-retaliation-leaves-at-least-11-dead-after-security-operation"},"places":[{"name":"Artibonite","lon":-72.5,"lat":19.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-08-24","text":"An overnight gang raid on Kenscoff, in the hills above Port-au-Prince, killed at least 47 people and wounded more than 22, the UN said.","source":{"name":"France 24 (with AFP)","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20260825-haiti-gang-members-kill-40-displaced-people-church-attack"},"places":[{"name":"Kenscoff","lon":-72.29,"lat":18.45}]},{"date":"2026-07-27","text":"The Provisional Electoral Council postponed the first round of presidential and legislative elections to 13 December, with a runoff on 21 February 2027, saying the calendar depended on security and funding.","source":{"name":"France 24 (with Reuters)","url":"https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20260727-haiti-sets-december-presidential-election-despite-security-concerns"}},{"date":"2026-04-01","text":"An advance team of Chadian troops and the force's Special Representative arrived in Port-au-Prince, the Gang Suppression Force's first troop deployment.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/2/first-troops-from-un-backed-gang-suppression-force-arrive-in-haiti"},"places":[{"name":"Port-au-Prince","lon":-72.34,"lat":18.55}]},{"date":"2026-02-07","text":"The mandate of the Transitional Presidential Council expired with no succession plan in place; the United States had backed Prime Minister Alix Didier Fils-Aimé to stay on.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Stabroek News","url":"https://www.stabroeknews.com/2026/02/07/news/regional/haiti-enters-political-limbo-as-transition-governments-mandate-ends/"}}],"parties":[{"id":"ht","name":"Haiti","iso2":"HT","kind":"state","role":"The state, whose police force is the principal government party to the fighting. The UN attributes a large share of 2026's dead and injured to security-force operations against gangs, some supported by a foreign private military company using explosive drones."},{"id":"viv","name":"Viv Ansanm","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"The armed-group coalition named in the Geneva Academy's classification, which took control of much of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. In 2026 the UN describes it as reconfigured and weakened, with its gangs fighting each other around the capital."},{"id":"mss","name":"Multinational Security Support mission","kind":"international_body","role":"UN-authorised, Kenyan-led mission deployed from 2024 to support the Haitian police; succeeded by the Gang Suppression Force under a Security Council resolution of 30 September 2025."},{"id":"gsf","name":"Gang Suppression Force","kind":"international_body","role":"Authorised by the UN Security Council on 30 September 2025 (resolution 2793) with a ceiling of 5,500 uniformed personnel, to conduct counter-gang operations alongside the Haitian police; its mandate was extended to 31 March 2027 by resolution 2829 of 29 September 2026."}],"fatalities":{"low":5915,"asOf":"2025-12-31","countedFrom":"2025-01-01","basis":"A FLOOR FROM A SINGLE YEAR. The UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) documented more than 5,915 people killed in 2025 alone, in gang violence and in security-force operations against gangs. It is the largest single count any source publishes for this conflict, and it is not the conflict's total: BINUH counted 1,642 more killed in January to March 2026 and 1,408 in April to June, the UN Secretary-General reported 1,123 killed from July to early October, and earlier years add thousands more, but the UN publishes no cumulative figure and none is computed here. UCDP's coded incidents, which the timeline and the map draw, run far lower (below), because UCDP counts only the violence its definitions of armed conflict cover, while the UN attributes a large share of Haiti's dead to security-force operations against gangs. Every figure here is a documented floor.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH), fourth quarter and year 2025","url":"https://binuh.unmissions.org/en/communiques-de-presse/haiti-la-situation-des-droits-humains-reste-extremement-preoccupante-au","figure":"More than 5,915 killed and 2,708 injured in 2025","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"Published 30 January 2026. In the year's last quarter gangs were responsible for 32 per cent of the victims, and more than 62 per cent were killed or injured during law-enforcement operations, in some cases supported by a private military company."},{"name":"BINUH, first quarter of 2026","url":"https://binuh.unmissions.org/en/press-releases/haiti-more-than-1600-people-killed-in-the-first-quarter-of-2026-a-human","figure":"At least 1,642 killed and 745 injured, January to March 2026","asOf":"2026-03-31","note":"Published 8 May 2026. More than 69 per cent of those killed or injured were in security-force operations against gangs, sometimes supported by a private military company using drones."},{"name":"BINUH, second quarter of 2026","url":"https://binuh.unmissions.org/en/news/haiti-au-moins-1-408-personnes-tuees-et-656-blessees-au-cours-du-deuxieme-trimestre-2026","figure":"At least 1,408 killed and 656 injured, April to June 2026","asOf":"2026-06-30","note":"More than 40 per cent of those killed or injured were in security-force operations against gangs, sometimes involving a foreign private military company using explosive drones. The UN's quarters and years are shown apart, never added here."},{"name":"UN Secretary-General's report on Haiti, presented to the Security Council (19 October 2026)","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168626","figure":"1,123 killed and 440 injured in gang-related violence, July to early October 2026","asOf":"2026-10-19","note":"A period of its own, overlapping no BINUH quarter above in full; shown apart and never added."},{"name":"UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, update to the Human Rights Council (2 October 2026)","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168511","figure":"At least 5,700 killed or injured by gangs or in operations against them, 1 January to 11 September 2026","asOf":"2026-09-11","note":"Killed and injured are not separated."},{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset, provisional candidate releases (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"5,005 killed in 522 coded incidents (UCDP best estimate), 3,040 of them coded civilian","asOf":"2026-09-28","note":"UCDP's coding of Haiti's violence since 7 July 2021, which is what the timeline and the map draw. It counts only incidents its definitions of armed conflict cover, so it runs far below the UN's counts: a coded floor, not a total, and not reconciled with the figures above."}]},"displaced":{"value":1847923,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People forcibly displaced from Haiti at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 1,430,903 displaced inside the country and 417,020 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Haiti, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.","confidence":"estimated","sources":[{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?yearFrom=2025&yearTo=2025&coo=HAI","figure":"1,430,903 internally displaced; 417,020 refugees and asylum-seekers","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"UNHCR's official population statistics. Licensed CC BY 4.0."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"UNHCR Refugee Data Finder","url":"https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/","provides":"Official refugee, asylum-seeker and internally displaced population statistics.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"UN Security Council, resolution 2793 (2025)","url":"https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n25/253/82/pdf/n2525382.pdf","provides":"The transition of the Multinational Security Support mission to the Gang Suppression Force, its personnel ceiling and its initial twelve-month period.","license":"UN document"},{"name":"UN Support Office in Haiti (29 September 2026)","url":"https://www.unmissions.org/en/unsoh/news/security-council-extends-gang-suppression-force-and-unsoh-mandates","provides":"The number of Gang Suppression Force personnel the office supports."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"5,915","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":false,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Non-international armed conflict","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[202,172,369,270,458,398,232,291,125,94,85,155,88,130,122,36,40,83,30,131,30,100,52,26],"recent":178,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"iran-us-2026","warWatchSlugs":["iac-between-iran-and-the-united-states-and-israel","iac-between-iran-and-the-uae","iac-between-iran-and-saudi-arabia","iac-between-iran-and-kuwait","iac-between-iran-and-qatar","iac-between-iran-and-bahrain","iac-between-iran-and-iraq","iac-between-iran-and-jordan","iac-between-iran-and-oman","iac-between-iran-and-azerbajian","iac-between-iran-and-the-united-kingdom"],"name":"Iran-United States war of 2026","shortName":"Iran-US 2026","nameNote":"No settled name exists yet for a war still being fought. It is variously called the 2026 Iran war, the US-Iran war and the Iran-Israel war. The United States designated its campaign Operation Epic Fury and Israel designated its campaign Operation Roaring Lion; each is that military's own name for its own operation and neither is a name for the war. Blackwing uses a neutral descriptive name keyed to the year, precisely so it can never be mistaken for the Iran-Israel war of June 2025.","region":"Middle East","status":"active","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"The Geneva Academy classifies this theatre as an international armed conflict between Iran and the United States and Israel, and separately lists concurrent international armed conflicts between Iran and ten further states, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Oman, Azerbaijan and the United Kingdom. Alongside these run non-international armed conflicts involving Hezbollah, Ansar Allah and Iraqi armed groups. It is not one legal situation but a cluster of them in one theatre.","startDate":"2026-02-28","bbox":[32,12,64,42],"center":[48,29],"summary":"United States and Israeli forces began striking Iran on 28 February 2026, opening a regional war. The first strikes killed Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, succeeded by his son Mojtaba. Iran answered with missiles and drones across the region, over 40 per cent of them at the United Arab Emirates, and with attacks on shipping that closed the Strait of Hormuz to normal traffic; by late October shipments through it were back to about 80 per cent of pre-war levels, while a US blockade had cut Iran's own oil exports to a small fraction. Up to 3.2 million people temporarily left their homes inside Iran in March, UNHCR estimated; most have returned. An April ceasefire and a June memorandum of understanding both broke down. Since early September the fighting has been at sea, and no agreement ends the war. It is NOT the twelve-day Iran-Israel war of June 2025.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"Iran said it continues to exchange messages with the US through mediators. Foreign Ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei said Deputy Foreign Minister Kazem Gharibabadi visited Doha for the exchange, and that a revised seven-stage proposal could be implemented within two days, but the Strait of Hormuz could not be reopened unless Washington ended its naval blockade.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iran-says-it-continues-exchanging-messages-with-us-through-mediators/4108453"}},{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"A projectile hit an offshore tug in the Strait of Hormuz just after 1500 UTC on Sunday, UK Maritime Trade Operations said. Vanguard Tech identified it as the UAE-owned Selat Storm, 'partially sinking'. A tanker was also hit by two projectiles about 70 nautical miles east of Ras Al Khafji, Saudi Arabia; all crew were accounted for.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/offshore-tug-hit-in-latest-attack-in-strait-of-hormuz"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Iran's Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei said Tehran would determine 'the time and conditions' for ending the conflict 'if the enemies resume attacks', state broadcaster IRIB reported. He ordered commanders to update the target list so that all US and Israeli assets are within reach of the armed forces, the statement said.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iran-s-supreme-leader-says-tehran-will-decide-when-conflict-ends-if-enemies-resume-attacks-/4107332"}},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Shipments through the Strait of Hormuz were at about 80 per cent of pre-war levels, Bloomberg reported, while the US blockade had left only a tiny fraction of Iran's pre-war 2 million barrels a day of oil exports leaving the country, via land routes.","source":{"name":"Bloomberg via gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/shipping-strikes-in-hormuz-leave-both-sides-with-economic-pain/"}},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Bloomberg reported that the Qatari LNG carrier Al Mayeda was attacked near the Strait of Hormuz on Friday, citing people who said Pakistan had negotiated its safe passage with Iran. Indian Shipping Minister Sarbananda Sonowal said all 25 crew members were safe. The Qatari Foreign Ministry condemned the attack.","source":{"name":"gCaptain (Bloomberg)","url":"https://gcaptain.com/pakistan-lng-cargo-attacked-near-hormuz-had-iranian-approval/"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"U.S. Central Command chief Brad Cooper said in a video that U.S. forces had cleared the strait's primary transit routes of Iranian sea mines and remained present to keep them free and clear, Naharnet reported.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323460-oman-rescues-25-from-burning-ship-iran-halts-tankers"}},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"The Omani Maritime Security Centre said it evacuated 25 crew members from the burning RITI, a crude oil tanker flying the Panamanian flag, in the Strait of Hormuz. It is unclear whether the RITI was one of the four tankers that Iran said had been halted or had hit mines, Al Jazeera reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/30/oman-rescues-25-from-burning-oil-tanker-in-strait-of-hormuz"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Iran's Revolutionary Guards Navy said four oil tankers had caught fire and exploded in the Strait of Hormuz while using unauthorised routes, Iranian state media reported; Reuters could not verify this. The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations agency separately reported a vessel hit by an unknown projectile about 40 nautical miles south of Lavan Island.","source":{"name":"gCaptain (Reuters)","url":"https://gcaptain.com/irans-irgc-navy-says-four-tankers-catch-fire-in-strait-of-hormuz/"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A Qatari delegation led by a senior adviser to Qatar's prime minister and foreign minister arrived in Tehran on Friday morning for talks with senior Iranian officials, Iran's IRNA news agency reported, amid efforts to revive stalled US-Iran negotiations, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/qatari-mediators-return-to-tehran-in-renewed-push-for-us-iran-deal/4106007"}},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations said a tanker in the Strait of Hormuz was approached late on Thursday by a small boat that attached two explosive devices to its hull above the waterline, 25 nautical miles northeast of Khasab, Oman. The blasts caused an engine-room fire; the crew were safe and the vessel continued its voyage, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/vessel-reported-on-fire-in-strait-of-hormuz-uk-maritime-agency/4105553"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"A senior Iranian security source told Fars News Agency that Vice President JD Vance sent a message to Mohsen Rezaei, secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, and that Tehran had not yet responded, Anadolu reported. President Donald Trump said the communication concerned Iran's need for medical supplies.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iran-has-not-responded-to-message-from-us-vice-president-report/4105211"}},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"US Naval Forces Central Command advised vessels that do not need to transit between ports in the Gulf of Oman and the Strait of Hormuz to stay well clear and to plan extra time for 'military blockade enforcement operations', Bloomberg reported. Neutral vessels may be subject to questioning, visit, and search.","source":{"name":"gCaptain (Bloomberg)","url":"https://gcaptain.com/us-tells-ships-to-avoid-unnecessary-transits-through-hormuz/"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Iran's Persian Gulf Strait Authority said it would take 'legal action' against all vessels of Sinokor, the world's biggest oil tanker owner, from 1 November, adding that enforcement actions had already been taken against at least 7 of its ships, Bloomberg reported. It did not specify what the actions were.","source":{"name":"gCaptain (Bloomberg)","url":"https://gcaptain.com/iran-says-it-will-take-action-against-sinokor-ships-in-hormuz/"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"British prosecutors said they charged Mohmed Abdulkarim, 24, and Nouman Essghir, 24, under the National Security Act over an incident at RAF Fairford last month. Police said they believed the country Abdulkarim was assisting was Iran, Reuters reported.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/two-men-charged-uk-helping-iran-over-raf-fairford-incident"}},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations said it received multiple third-party reports of a vessel on fire about 63 nautical miles southeast of Al-Faw, Iraq, in the northern Persian Gulf. It classified the report as suspicious activity rather than a confirmed attack, and the cause was unclear, gCaptain reported.","source":{"name":"gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/tanker-disabled-in-strait-of-hormuz-attack-another-vessel-reported-on-fire-in-persian-gulf/"}},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Ras Al Khaimah authorities said all beaches in the emirate would be closed until further notice, a day after an offshore oil leak prompted closures in Umm Al Quwain and Sharjah, Reuters reported. No reason was given. The UAE had not named the tanker involved.","source":{"name":"Reuters via gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/uae-shuts-all-beaches-as-neighbors-grapple-with-oil-spill/"},"places":[{"name":"Ras Al Khaimah","lon":55.9,"lat":25.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"President Donald Trump said Washington could strike Iran as soon as Sunday or reach a 'big, beautiful' agreement with Tehran, Anadolu reported, amid reports that he was considering renewed attacks on the country.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/irans-army-claims-it-shot-down-us-drone-over-southern-iran/4100054"}},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations received a verified report, made three days later, of a tanker struck by an unknown projectile while transiting outbound through the Strait of Hormuz at 0839 UTC on 23 October. The vessel was disabled and all crew were reported safe, gCaptain reported.","source":{"name":"gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/tanker-disabled-in-strait-of-hormuz-attack-another-vessel-reported-on-fire-in-persian-gulf/"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"The UAE confirmed a large and spreading oil spill along the Persian Gulf side of the Khor Al Beidah peninsula and ordered Umm Al Quwain beaches closed, The Maritime Executive reported. Reports linked the slick to the Taiwanese VLCC Gem No. 2, struck on 9 October. UAE officials have not commented on the source.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/uae-confirms-approaching-oil-spill-as-iran-claims-continued-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Umm Al Quwain","lon":55.6,"lat":25.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"The State Department is reducing staffing at US embassies in Jordan, Lebanon, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates after intelligence that Iran has stepped up efforts to target American personnel, the Associated Press reported. A memo from Director of National Intelligence Jay Clayton to Secretary of State Marco Rubio said the plotting had reached 'advanced stages'.","source":{"name":"Associated Press via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323321-us-reduces-staffing-in-lebanon-3-arab-countries-over-iran-fears"}},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations said a tanker reported being struck about 7 nautical miles northeast of Limah, Oman, in the Strait of Hormuz on Thursday and was able to continue its voyage, The Maritime Executive reported. Its weekly summary listed five incidents across the Persian Gulf and the Strait before that report, and 79 projectile strikes since July.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/uae-confirms-approaching-oil-spill-as-iran-claims-continued-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Limah","lon":56.4,"lat":25.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Iran's Revolutionary Guards claimed seven commercial vessels were struck overnight in the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, including four conducting oil transfers, Reuters reported. None of the seven incidents was independently confirmed. President Donald Trump said Iran was making up 'fake hits, mines, and everything else' to raise oil prices before the midterms.","source":{"name":"gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/iran-claims-more-ships-struck-near-hormuz-as-trump-accuses-tehran-of-faking-hits/"}},{"date":"2026-10-21","text":"A tanker was struck by an 'unknown projectile' about 11 nautical miles off Bukha, Oman, near the Strait of Hormuz, sparking a fire, UKMTO said. The tanker was at anchor and all crew were reported safe.","source":{"name":"Agence France Presse via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323240-ship-attacked-near-strait-of-hormuz"},"places":[{"name":"Bukha","lon":56.1,"lat":26.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Iran's Revolutionary Guards said two tankers were set ablaze and disabled by mines on a route south of the Strait of Hormuz that Tehran considers unauthorized, Reuters reported. The statements named no vessels and gave no date. The Joint Maritime Information Center said on 18 October that the 17 October mine claims lacked substantiation.","source":{"name":"Reuters via gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/iran-claims-more-tankers-hit-mines-in-hormuz-but-evidence-remains-elusive/"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"President Masoud Pezeshkian told Pakistan's army chief, Field Marshal Asim Munir, in Tehran that the US must end pressure and threats and lift sanctions before any negotiations, according to remarks carried by Iranian state broadcaster IRIB.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/-iran-s-president-says-us-must-lift-sanctions-end-threats-before-negotiations/4094435"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"UK police rearrested two men, aged 24 and 25, one a dual British-Iranian national, on suspicion of assisting Iran's intelligence service after the incident at RAF Fairford. Laurence Taylor of National Counter Terrorism Policing said it was highly likely there was Iranian state involvement and the investigation was live.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with AP)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/20/uk-police-re-arrest-two-men-on-suspicion-of-assisting-iranian-intelligence"}},{"date":"2026-10-18","text":"A Dutch-flagged tug, identified by Vanguard Tech as the JIF Barracuda, was struck by two unknown projectiles east of the Musandam Peninsula near the seaward entrance to the Strait of Hormuz, UK Maritime Trade Operations said. One crewmember suffered minor injuries and the vessel continued its voyage, The Maritime Executive reported.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/tug-attacked-near-strait-of-hormuz"},"places":[{"name":"Musandam Peninsula","lon":56.4,"lat":26.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Iran's Revolutionary Guards Navy said two oil tankers caught fire after hitting naval mines while crossing the Strait of Hormuz, Reuters reported. State media said both carried about 2 million barrels of crude oil. IRNA said the vessels had switched off their positioning and radar systems and used a route Iran had not authorized.","source":{"name":"Reuters via gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/irans-guards-say-two-tankers-hit-mines-in-strait-of-hormuz/"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi told an Organization of Islamic Cooperation meeting in Baghdad that Iran stays open to negotiations but requires credible guarantees against new attacks before resuming talks, IRNA reported. He cited a seven-day proposal conveyed through Qatar under which he said the Strait of Hormuz could reopen.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iran-says-renewed-talks-with-us-require-credible-guarantees-against-new-attacks/4092031"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"A tanker was struck by an unknown projectile about 68 nautical miles northeast of Al Jubayl, Saudi Arabia, at 0900GMT, UK Maritime Trade Operations said in a delayed report. The vessel's security officer told the agency all crew members were safe and had been evacuated.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/tanker-hit-by-unknown-projectile-off-saudi-arabia-uk-maritime-agency/4091657"}},{"date":"2026-10-16","text":"US Central Command chief Adm. Brad Cooper said in a video message that, apart from humanitarian aid, Iran has no exports and no imports by sea. He said US forces had prevented Iran from exporting at least $25 billion worth of crude oil in recent months and helped freeze nearly $350 million in cryptocurrency assets.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/us-says-iran-barred-from-maritime-trade-as-pressure-campaign-targets-oil-revenue-military-funding/4091610"}},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"President Donald Trump said in a Newsmax interview that the US 'may have to go' to Iran's Pickaxe Mountain nuclear site and would 'knock it out fast.' He ruled out US ground troops and did not dispute reports that the military is weighing use of the 'mother of all bombs.'","source":{"name":"Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/trump-rules-out-us-troops-iran-leaves-pickaxe-mountain-strike-table"}},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"President Donald Trump told a rally in Wasilla, Alaska: 'Wait till you see what we do to Iran.' Axios reported the same day, citing two US officials, that he and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had discussed launching a major new operation against Iran ahead of elections in both countries.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/trump-warns-of-further-action-against-iran/4087952"}},{"date":"2026-10-13","text":"The Singapore-flagged container ship GFS Pride sank while sailing through the Strait of Hormuz after being hit by a projectile, the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore said; all 21 crew were evacuated. The bulker Cape Dao, hit on 23 September, also sank. Reuters said they were the second and third ships sunk since the war began.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/two-ships-sink-near-hormuz-after-being-hit-projectiles-amid-surge-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"UK Prime Minister Andy Burnham told Parliament that last month's alleged plot at RAF Fairford was 'almost certainly' directed by Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, and announced sanctions on two Iranian men. Iran's ambassador in London rejected the allegations, IRNA reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/us-israel-iran-war/iran-again-rejects-uk-accusations-over-fairford-airbase-incident/4086556"}},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"Iran's IRGC navy said a third supertanker it called 'offending' had been struck in the Strait of Hormuz in two days and caught fire after switching off its navigation system. The statement did not identify the tanker or say how it was struck.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/us-israel-iran-war/iran-s-irgc-says-3rd-offending-supertanker-hit-in-strait-of-hormuz-in-2-days/4086287"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations recorded six attacks on ships in the Strait of Hormuz on 11 October, which The Maritime Executive called an unprecedented rate for the war if accurate. The Indian government said the product tanker Petro Dolphin was struck off Sohar, Oman, leaving two seafarers missing.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/ukmto-reports-third-strike-in-a-day-on-a-tanker-in-the-mideast"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true},{"name":"Sohar","lon":56.7,"lat":24.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Mohsen Rezaei, secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, said the US reply to Iran's seven conditions for reopening the Strait of Hormuz was insufficient: Washington had accepted some of them while others remained unclear, and the strait would not reopen to it until they were met, the Tasnim News Agency reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/us-israel-iran-war/iran-says-us-response-to-conditions-for-reopening-strait-of-hormuz-insufficient/4085389"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"A US fighter jet struck the stern of the Panama-flagged freighter Ocean Molica in the Gulf of Oman, disabling it, after it tried to run the blockade of Iranian ports, Central Command said. It said four commercial vessels had been disabled and 135 ships turned around since the blockade resumed on 14 July.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/u-s-claims-to-have-hit-chinese-owned-freighter-that-ran-blockade-on-iran"},"places":[{"name":"Gulf of Oman","lon":58.3,"lat":24.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"The IRGC Navy said an unnamed crude oil supertanker had hit a naval mine and caught fire while using an unauthorised route through the Strait of Hormuz with its navigation systems turned off, and warned other tankers of a similar fate.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/11/hormuz-attacks-intensify-as-efforts-to-end-war-on-iran-stall"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"A tanker anchored 13 nautical miles west of Al Jazeera, off the UAE, was struck and caught fire; security consultancies named it as the VLCC Gem No. 2. The IRGC Navy, which did not claim that strike, said any vessel using an unauthorized passage anywhere in the region would be pursued, The Maritime Executive reported.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/more-tankers-struck-as-irgc-expands-threat-against-non-compliant-vessels"},"places":[{"name":"Al Jazeera","lon":55.8,"lat":25.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"President Donald Trump said in a post on Truth Social that the United States would not attack Iran at any time before the midterm elections on 3 November, saying the two sides were having productive discussions.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/9/trump-says-us-will-not-strike-iran-before-midterm-elections"}},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"A tanker was hit by several projectiles 94 kilometres north of Madinat ash Shamal, off Qatar's north coast inside the Gulf, and casualties were reported, the UKMTO agency said. The Maritime Executive called it the first reported attack on a tanker in the western half of the Gulf in weeks.","source":{"name":"AFP and DPA via Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/8/tanker-hit-by-multiple-projectiles-off-north-coast-of-qatar-ukmto-says"},"places":[{"name":"Gulf","lon":51.7,"lat":27,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-07","text":"Iran's foreign ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baghaei said Iran and Oman had agreed on the geographical coordinates of safe inbound and outbound shipping routes through the Strait of Hormuz, and that Iran's response to US proposals to end the war would be delivered through mediators.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/us-israel-iran-war/iran-says-response-to-us-proposals-aimed-at-ending-war-will-be-delivered-through-mediators/4081556"}},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Qatar's foreign ministry said indirect talks between the United States and Iran were continuing, with messages exchanged via Qatar and its regional partners, a day after President Masoud Pezeshkian called talks with the US meaningless. Qatar's emir met Iran's interior minister, Eskandar Momeni, in Doha.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322940-qatar-says-us-iran-still-in-talks-to-end-war"}},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Maritime Executive counted the strike on the On Peace as the 12th likely Iranian attack in the Strait of Hormuz since 30 September; other vessels reported hit since the weekend of 3 and 4 October included Maran Gas Mystras, Gas Vela, Cameroon Prosperity and Ghana Prosperity.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/12-seafarers-injured-in-attack-on-lr2-tanker-in-strait-of-hormuz"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"The Panama-flagged tanker MT On Peace was hit by a projectile in the Strait of Hormuz off Oman, injuring 12 of its 19 crew, 11 of them Indian, who were evacuated to Khasab, India's foreign ministry said. India and Oman dated the attack 6 October; The Maritime Executive said it appeared to be a tanker reported hit on 5 October.","source":{"name":"PTI via Deccan Herald","url":"https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/story/world/middle-east/11-indian-crew-injured-after-ship-hit-by-projectile-in-strait-of-hormuz-india-condemns-attack-4172280"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"US Central Command said its forces had redirected the 130th commercial vessel under the blockade of Iranian ports, and had disabled three vessels and destroyed 13 commercial vessels over 12 weeks that it said were violating the blockade or part of the Revolutionary Guard's shadow network.","source":{"name":"gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/five-hormuz-incidents-reported-monday-as-tanker-attacks-mount/"}},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"A tanker in the Strait of Hormuz reported being hit by a projectile that set its engine room on fire, and another vessel turned back on Revolutionary Guard orders, UK Maritime Trade Operations said. At least 12 tankers had been attacked in the strait in a week without a US military response, Al-Monitor reported.","source":{"name":"Al-Monitor","url":"https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2026/10/hormuz-tanker-attacks-mount-putting-oil-flows-risk"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"President Masoud Pezeshkian said negotiations had 'no meaning' with an enemy that resorts to assassination, sanctions, pressure and threats and breaches its commitments, adding that Iran had been attacked three times after engaging in talks, Iranian state-affiliated media reported.","source":{"name":"Tehran Times (Iranian state-affiliated)","url":"https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/530790/Pezeshkian-Negotiations-have-no-meaning-with-an-enemy-that-resorts"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"An inbound LPG tanker was struck by an unknown projectile in the Strait of Hormuz, UK Maritime Trade Operations said in a late report issued on 5 October.","source":{"name":"gCaptain","url":"https://gcaptain.com/five-hormuz-incidents-reported-monday-as-tanker-attacks-mount/"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Iran struck the Lipsi, a new LR2 tanker linked to a Greek operator and a Chinese owner, in the Strait of Hormuz, as successful Iranian strikes on the tanker shuttle approached one a day, The Maritime Executive reported.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/iran-keeps-up-pace-of-strikes-with-attack-on-brand-new-lr2-tanker"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"Parliament speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Iran's top negotiator, said Washington had made 'some proposals through a mediator' after replying to Iran's plan, but that the Strait of Hormuz would not open until Iran's seven conditions were met.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/4/iran-says-strait-of-hormuz-to-remain-closed-until-us-meets-conditions"}},{"date":"2026-10-04","text":"The Pentagon said all US bombers deployed to RAF Fairford in England had returned to their US home stations. Britain's prime minister had suggested Iran played a part in an alleged plot against the base; Iran denied it, and the men arrested were released on bail while the investigation continued.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/4/us-withdraws-b-1-bomber-aircraft-from-uks-fairford-base-amid-iran-fears"}},{"date":"2026-10-02","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations reported two more tankers struck by projectiles around Hormuz: one leaving the strait suffered a small fire and a blackout, and hours later a crude tanker east of Oman was hit, with all its crew safe.","source":{"name":"AFP via Gulf News","url":"https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/oil-tankers-attacked-in-hormuz-strait-uk-maritime-agency-1.500696517"},"places":[{"name":"Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"The Kuwaiti crude tanker Kazimah III was struck while transiting the strait, and Iran's Fars agency said it was burning. Iran's Persian Gulf Strait Authority said ships targeted that week included vessels on its 'non-compliant list' for unauthorised transits.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/two-more-tankers-in-hormuz-report-strikes-bringing-total-to-six-in-a-week"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Oil crossing the Strait of Hormuz averaged about 12 million barrels a day in the week to 30 September, against 17 million before the war, Kpler data reported by BBC Verify showed. Most moved on a shuttle of more than 60 tankers under US air support; fuel and gas exports stayed far below pre-war levels.","source":{"name":"BBC Verify","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cwp8gn13lmygo"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"The last US and British troops left Iraq as the US-led coalition's mission against the Islamic State ended.","source":{"name":"BBC","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c65ym1dyn92mo"}},{"date":"2026-09-29","text":"Qatari mediators in Doha handed Iran's foreign minister the US response to Iran's seven-day plan. An official briefed on the talks told Reuters the disagreement was over the order of the steps rather than their content.","source":{"name":"Reuters via Free Malaysia Today","url":"https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/world/2026/09/30/iran-receives-us-feedback-on-7-day-trust-building-plan"}},{"date":"2026-09-29","text":"UK Maritime Trade Operations reported three tankers struck around the Strait of Hormuz, among them the Liberian-flagged Mersin Prosperity and Sinbad. Iran's Fars agency said warning shots had been fired at vessels violating the strait.","source":{"name":"The Maritime Executive","url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/three-vessels-struck-in-strait-of-hormuz-as-iran-s-grip-loosens"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"In an interview with Time, President Trump said it was 'possible' US bombing of Iran would be stepped up after the 3 November midterm elections, and called Iran's latest proposal 'not good enough'.","source":{"name":"AP via Yahoo News","url":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/politics/articles/us-moving-thousands-troops-aboard-183827057.html"}},{"date":"2026-09-27","text":"The USS Theodore Roosevelt carrier strike group sailed from San Diego, followed the next day by the Makin Island amphibious ready group. The Wall Street Journal reported they would add 9,000 to 10,000 sailors and Marines to the region by the end of November, the Roosevelt possibly relieving a carrier already there.","source":{"name":"Stars and Stripes","url":"https://www.stripes.com/branches/navy/2026-10-02/makin-island-middle-east-iran-strikes-november-23032862.html"}},{"date":"2026-09-26","text":"President Trump said he had rejected Iran's seven-day proposal to reopen the Strait of Hormuz and end hostilities; Iran's foreign minister said no rejection had come through official channels.","source":{"name":"NBC News","url":"https://www.nbcnews.com/world/iran/iran-says-choice-reopening-hormuz-rests-united-states-offer-rcna599956"}},{"date":"2026-09-25","text":"Iran put forward a seven-day plan to end the war and reopen the Strait of Hormuz.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/25/iran-says-it-awaits-us-response-on-seven-day-roadmap-to-end-war"}},{"date":"2026-09-17","text":"The UN fact-finding mission on Iran found reasonable grounds to believe the United States committed a war crime in the opening-day strike on a primary school in Minab, which killed more than 150 people, about 120 of them children.","source":{"name":"UN News","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/09/1168358"}},{"date":"2026-09-14","text":"Eight US Marines suffered smoke inhalation and concussion symptoms when an Iranian cruise missile hit a ship they were on in the Strait of Hormuz, NBC later reported, citing three US sources; the attack had not been disclosed.","source":{"name":"The Jerusalem Post, citing NBC News","url":"https://www.jpost.com/international/article-909917"},"places":[{"name":"Strait of Hormuz","lon":56.2,"lat":26.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-09","text":"Iran fired 20 missiles at Jordan's Muwaffaq Salti air base overnight on 8 to 9 September, the last confirmed Iranian strike on a state in the region as of 3 October. Over the same weeks no US strike on Iranian territory was reported.","source":{"name":"GlobalSecurity.org, Iran war operational report","url":"https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/iran-war-oprep.htm"},"places":[{"name":"Muwaffaq Salti","lon":36.78,"lat":31.82}]},{"date":"2026-08-17","text":"The memorandum's 60-day window for negotiating a final deal ended without one.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-07-14","text":"The United States reinstated its naval blockade of Iran as the two sides traded attacks.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-07-07","text":"After further Iranian attacks on shipping, the United States launched extensive airstrikes on Iran and rescinded its oil sanctions waiver. President Trump declared the memorandum 'over' the next day.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-06-26","text":"The United States struck Iran for the first time since the memorandum, after Iran began attacking commercial tankers using a southern route through the strait.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-06-17","text":"President Trump and Iran's President Masoud Pezeshkian signed a memorandum of understanding to end the conflict and negotiate a final deal within 60 days. The United States lifted its naval blockade the next day.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-04-13","text":"After talks in Islamabad failed to reach a broader agreement, the United States began a naval blockade of shipping to and from Iranian ports.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-04-07","text":"The United States and Iran agreed to a two-week ceasefire mediated by Pakistan, which took effect the next day. No text reflecting agreed terms was released.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, IN12678","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/IN/PDF/IN12678/IN12678.5.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-03-25","text":"US Central Command said the United States had struck more than 10,000 targets in Iran, with about 50,000 US personnel deployed in and around the region.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887 (March edition)","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.2.pdf"}},{"date":"2026-02-28","text":"United States and Israeli forces began striking targets in Iran (Operation Epic Fury and Operation Roaring Lion). Israel killed Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and dozens of other senior military and political leaders.","source":{"name":"Congressional Research Service, R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf"}}],"parties":[{"id":"iran","name":"Iran","iso2":"IR","kind":"state","role":"Target of the opening US and Israeli strikes, which killed its Supreme Leader and, per Israeli military claims, at least 28 senior Iranian figures by 17 April; conducts missile and drone attacks across the region and attacks on shipping in and around the Strait of Hormuz."},{"id":"united-states","name":"United States","iso2":"US","kind":"state","role":"Conducted the 28 February strikes alongside Israel, designated Operation Epic Fury, after a force buildup running from late December 2025; reported more than 10,000 targets struck by 25 March. Signatory to the April ceasefire and the 17 June memorandum; resumed strikes from 26 June and reinstated its naval blockade of Iran on 14 July."},{"id":"israel","name":"Israel","iso2":"IL","kind":"state","role":"Conducted the 28 February strikes alongside the United States, designated Operation Roaring Lion, and defended against Iranian missile and drone attacks. Its last direct exchange of fire with Iran was on 7-8 June 2026; its operations have since centred on Lebanon."},{"id":"france","name":"France","iso2":"FR","kind":"state","role":"Reported one soldier killed in the conflict as of 23 March 2026 in the US Congressional Research Service casualty record."},{"id":"uae","name":"United Arab Emirates","iso2":"AE","kind":"state","role":"The single most-targeted state by volume of Iranian fire: more than 40 per cent of Iran's missiles and drones were directed at it. Classified by the Geneva Academy as party to a separate international armed conflict with Iran."},{"id":"saudi-arabia","name":"Saudi Arabia","iso2":"SA","kind":"state","role":"Struck by Iranian missiles and drones; classified by the Geneva Academy as party to a separate international armed conflict with Iran."},{"id":"kuwait","name":"Kuwait","iso2":"KW","kind":"state","role":"Struck by Iranian missiles and drones; classified by the Geneva Academy as party to a separate international armed conflict with Iran."},{"id":"bahrain","name":"Bahrain","iso2":"BH","kind":"state","role":"Iranian strikes on 28 February 2026 damaged residential buildings, hotels, a desalination plant and an oil refinery. No casualty count has been published. Classified by the Geneva Academy as party to a separate international armed conflict with Iran."},{"id":"hezbollah","name":"Hezbollah","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Lebanese armed group; attacked Israel on 2 March 2026 in this war, and the Lebanon front is named explicitly in the 17 June memorandum. UCDP and the Geneva Academy treat that front as a separate conflict, and it has its own record here."},{"id":"ansar-allah","name":"Houthi movement (Ansar Allah)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Yemeni armed group conducting attacks on shipping and on Israel in the course of the conflict and, since July 2026, on Saudi Arabia, including Riyadh's international airport and Saudi Aramco; its war with Yemen's government has its own record here."},{"id":"pmf","name":"Popular Mobilization Forces","kind":"coalition","role":"Iraqi state-affiliated armed formations engaged against US forces in the region."}],"fatalities":{"low":3468,"high":7650,"scope":"in Iran","asOf":"2026-04-08","basis":"KILLED IN IRAN IN THE WAR'S FIRST FORTY DAYS, AND A FLOOR FOR THE WAR. No body anywhere publishes a verified death toll for this war. The range spans the published counts of deaths in Iran from 28 February to the 8 April ceasefire, which disagree by more than two to one: 3,468 from the Iranian authorities (a state foundation's count, as the ISNA agency reported it), at least 3,636 from the independent monitor HRANA and at least 7,650 from the independent monitor Hengaw. Most of the gap is military deaths, which differ by more than fivefold between the two monitors, and this record does not choose between them. The range leaves out every death outside Iran and every death in the fighting that resumed from late June, so the toll across all parties and the whole war is unknown and higher. The published counts below CANNOT be summed: they cover different parties, different windows and different definitions, and several windows do not touch. The health ministry, for example, gave at least 60 for the month to 27 July and 18 for 30 August to 2 September, with no cumulative total. Aggregate all-party ranges circulating online (for instance 8,975 to 18,309) are traceable to no named body and are not reproduced here. What follows is every published count, kept apart on purpose.","confidence":"disputed","sources":[{"name":"Hengaw Organisation for Human Rights","url":"https://hengaw.net/en/reports-and-statistics-1/2026/04/article-3","figure":"At least 7,650 killed in Iran, including 1,030 civilians and 6,620 military personnel","asOf":"2026-04-08","note":"Its tenth and final war report, covering 28 February to the 8 April ceasefire. Norway-registered independent monitor publishing serial field-verified reports. Independent of the belligerents, but a diaspora organisation opposed to the Iranian government and working around a national internet blackout. Its military count is more than five times HRANA's."},{"name":"HRANA (Human Rights Activists News Agency)","url":"https://www.en-hrana.org/between-missiles-and-repression-hra-releases-new-report-on-us-israeli-operations-in-iran/","figure":"At least 3,636 killed in Iran: 1,701 civilians, 1,221 military personnel and 714 whose identity or status could not be confirmed","asOf":"2026-04-08","note":"Independent monitor, individually documented records, published on 18 May 2026 for 28 February to 8 April and presented as minimums. The US Congressional Research Service cites this count for Iran. Its military count and Hengaw's cannot be reconciled from published data, and this record does not attempt to."},{"name":"Iranian authorities (Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs, as reported by ISNA)","url":"https://www.hra-iran.org/iran-says-death-toll-in-war-with-us-israel-has-risen-to-3468/","figure":"3,468 killed in the war to the April ceasefire","asOf":"2026-04-18","note":"A belligerent state counting its own dead. Carried by the ISNA agency during the ceasefire; some outlets attribute the same figure to the health ministry. UN OCHA separately relayed an official figure of at least 3,375 civilian deaths as of late April (Iran Humanitarian Update No. 04)."},{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset, provisional candidate releases (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"3,862 killed in 460 coded incidents (UCDP best estimate), 1,777 of them coded civilian","asOf":"2026-09-23","note":"Every party and every country the fighting reached, from 28 February 2026, except the Lebanon front, which UCDP codes as a separate conflict (see the Lebanon record): UCDP's provisional coding of the war's individual incidents, which is exactly what the timeline and the map draw. It counts only deaths it can tie to a sourced incident and is revised as coding catches up with reporting from inside an internet blackout, so it runs below the monitors' counts for Iran alone. It is a coded floor, not a total, and is not reconciled with the figure above."},{"name":"Iran Ministry of Health","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/07/1168055","figure":"At least 60 killed (the month to 27 Jul); 18 killed (30 Aug to 2 Sep)","asOf":"2026-09-02","note":"Separate windows with gaps between them and no cumulative war total. The first was relayed by UN News, the second by the ministry's spokesman on 3 September. Do not add these numbers."},{"name":"HRANA, report on the July wave of attacks","url":"https://www.en-hrana.org/ten-day-report-on-the-new-wave-of-attacks-on-iran-human-casualties-and-disruption-of-critical-infrastructure/","figure":"At least 48 killed and 68 injured, 8 to 17 July","asOf":"2026-07-17","note":"Documented and verified cases from the wave of US strikes that began on 8 July. It covers only that wave and does not replace HRANA's count for the war's first forty days."},{"name":"Congressional Research Service, report R48887","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.2.pdf","figure":"13 US personnel, 3 Israeli soldiers and 16 civilians, 1 French soldier, 4+ GCC soldiers and 20+ GCC civilians killed","asOf":"2026-03-23","note":"The only single document listing the coalition side's dead together; the report's September update no longer carries the list. Non-partisan, but produced inside the legislature of a belligerent state. Its Iran and Lebanon figures (3,000+ and 1,000+) are cited from HRANA, not independently derived."},{"name":"US Department of Defense (Defense Casualty Analysis System), as reported by The Washington Post","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/us-israel-iran-war/pentagon-raises-us-troop-death-toll-in-iran-war-to-21/4084730","figure":"21 US military personnel killed and 865 wounded","asOf":"2026-10-09","note":"The only counter of US dead is a party to the war. On 26 July 2026 it moved deaths from 7 July onward out of the Epic Fury tally into a new 'Overseas Operations' category, and this total counts both, as the Congressional Research Service does (report R48887). On 9 October it added two deaths it had not listed before, an Army National Guard major who died in Kuwait on 6 March and a Navy service member who died by suicide in September, and opened a 'pending adjudication' category for records under review. Reported by The Washington Post and relayed by Anadolu."},{"name":"Airwars","url":"https://airwars.org/conflicts/israeli-iranian-and-us-forces-2026","figure":"267 civilian-harm incidents in Iran in the first 40 days and 33 more since June; 1,069 in Lebanon; 71 in the Gulf and wider region; at least 186 civilians killed in Iran on the opening day","asOf":"2026-11-02","note":"UK open-source civilian-harm monitor. Deliberately publishes incidents rather than a war-wide total, so this is a measure of documented harm events, not a death toll."},{"name":"Minab school strike (UN fact-finding mission)","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/09/1168358","figure":"More than 150 killed, including about 120 children","asOf":"2026-09-17","note":"A US Tomahawk struck a primary school in Minab on the opening day. On 17 September 2026 the UN fact-finding mission found reasonable grounds to believe the United States committed a war crime there; a preliminary US military investigation had reportedly found the United States responsible and its targeting data outdated. Earlier counts still circulate and are not reconciled: 168 in the Congressional Research Service's March report (its September update says over 150, mostly children), at least 157 people by Airwars, and 48 pupils identified by name by Hengaw."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"Congressional Research Service, 'U.S. Conflict with Iran' (R48887, updated 18 September 2026)","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.3.pdf","provides":"Non-partisan analysis for the US Congress: the war's chronology from the opening strikes through the April ceasefire, the June memorandum and its collapse, and the renewed strikes of the summer; the US casualty count; and the Strait of Hormuz disruption. Its March edition (R48887.2) holds the coalition casualty list.","license":"US Government work, public domain"},{"name":"Congressional Research Service, 'U.S.-Iran Ceasefire and Negotiations' (IN12678, 13 May 2026)","url":"https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/IN/PDF/IN12678/IN12678.5.pdf","provides":"The ceasefire chronology, the Pakistani mediation, and the finding that no text reflecting agreed ceasefire terms was ever released. Covers only to mid-May 2026.","license":"US Government work, public domain"},{"name":"Hengaw Organisation for Human Rights","url":"https://hengaw.net/en","provides":"Serial field-verified casualty reporting from inside Iran, disaggregated into civilian and military."},{"name":"HRANA (Human Rights Activists News Agency)","url":"https://www.en-hrana.org/","provides":"Individually documented casualty records disaggregated into military, civilian and unclassified."},{"name":"Airwars","url":"https://airwars.org/","provides":"Open-source civilian-harm documentation at incident level across every territory struck."},{"name":"IMF PortWatch","url":"https://portwatch.imf.org/","provides":"Daily chokepoint transit and vessel-capacity data for the Strait of Hormuz, from an institution with no party to the conflict.","license":"Open data"},{"name":"UN OCHA, Islamic Republic of Iran humanitarian updates (No. 01 to No. 06)","url":"https://iran.un.org/en/resources/publications","provides":"Displacement figures, housing damage, official casualty figures relayed by the UN, and humanitarian access reporting, through June 2026."},{"name":"UNHCR, Middle East Situation Emergency Update #23 (as of 9 September 2026)","url":"https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/124017","provides":"Displacement inside and out of Iran: the return of most people temporarily relocated inside the country, and cross-border movement to and from neighbouring states."},{"name":"UN News, on the independent international fact-finding mission on Iran (17 September 2026)","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/09/1168358","provides":"The mission's findings on the Minab school strike and other attacks on civilians."}],"depth":"aggregate","notToBeConfusedWith":[{"id":"iran-israel-2025","why":"An earlier and separate war: twelve days in June 2025, ending in a ceasefire on 24 June 2025, with a fraction of its deaths (1,090 to 1,218 in all, against 3,468 to 7,650 in Iran alone by this war's 8 April ceasefire). Figures from that war are routinely reported as though they belong to this one. Nothing on this page is drawn from it."}],"lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"3,468–7,650","qualifier":"disputed","confidence":"disputed","isRange":true,"scope":"in Iran"},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,404,2742,581,25,12,72,4,22],"recent":98,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"iran-israel-2025","warWatchSlugs":["international-armed-conflict-between-iran-and-israel","international-armed-conflict-between-iran-and-the-united-states-late-june-2025"],"name":"Iran-Israel war of June 2025","shortName":"Iran-Israel 2025","nameNote":"Widely called the Twelve-Day War. Israel designated its campaign Operation Rising Lion, the United States designated its strikes Operation Midnight Hammer, and Iran designated its retaliation Operation True Promise III. Blackwing uses the neutral descriptive name and records each party's own operation name where it is relevant.","region":"Middle East","status":"concluded","classification":"iac","classificationNote":"An international armed conflict: hostilities between states, which is the category international humanitarian law applies to inter-state fighting.","startDate":"2025-06-13","endDate":"2025-06-24","bbox":[32,24,64,41],"center":[51.4,33.5],"summary":"Israel opened a mass air campaign against Iran's nuclear, missile and military infrastructure on 13 June 2025, killing senior commanders and nuclear scientists. Iran answered with sustained ballistic-missile and drone barrages against Israel. On 21-22 June the United States struck the Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan nuclear sites, and Iran fired a pre-announced salvo at the US Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar that caused no casualties. A US-brokered ceasefire, co-mediated by Qatar, took effect on 24 June. How much damage the strikes did to Iran's nuclear programme remains disputed between the parties and among assessing agencies. The ceasefire was overtaken on 28 February 2026, when US and Israeli strikes on Iran opened a separate and far larger war with its own record; this record is historical.","parties":[{"id":"iran","name":"Iran","iso2":"IR","kind":"state","role":"Target of the Israeli and US strikes on its nuclear, missile and military infrastructure; fired retaliatory ballistic-missile and drone barrages at Israel and a salvo at the US base in Qatar."},{"id":"israel","name":"Israel","iso2":"IL","kind":"state","role":"Opened the campaign on 13 June with a mass air operation against Iran's nuclear programme, missile forces and military leadership; defended against Iran's missile and drone retaliation."},{"id":"united-states","name":"United States","iso2":"US","kind":"state","role":"Struck the Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan nuclear sites on 21-22 June, defended Al Udeid Air Base against Iran's salvo, and brokered the ceasefire."},{"id":"qatar","name":"Qatar","iso2":"QA","kind":"state","role":"Host of the US Al Udeid Air Base struck by Iran on 23 June; condemned the strike and co-mediated the ceasefire. Not a belligerent.","belligerent":false},{"id":"iaea","name":"International Atomic Energy Agency","kind":"international_body","role":"UN nuclear watchdog: censured Iran days before the war, reported on strike damage and radiation, and became the subject of Iran's subsequent suspension of cooperation. Not a belligerent.","belligerent":false}],"fatalities":{"low":1090,"high":1218,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"Deaths on all sides across the twelve days and the immediate aftermath. The range spans the Iranian government's final official count plus the Israeli toll at the low end (1,062 + 28), and the highest independent documented Iranian count plus the Israeli toll at the high end (1,190 + 28). Iran's own count rose over successive releases, from 610 at the ceasefire to 1,062; the earlier figures are superseded, not a lower estimate. Hengaw's independent count of 1,082 for Iran sits inside the range. The Israeli figure of 28 is consistent across sources; the Iranian figure is contested between Iran's own releases and independent monitors.","confidence":"disputed","sources":[{"name":"HRANA (Human Rights Activists News Agency)","url":"https://www.en-hrana.org/twelve-days-under-fire-a-comprehensive-report-on-the-iran-israel-war/","figure":"1,190 killed in Iran","asOf":"2025-07","note":"Independent monitor, individually documented records: 436 civilians, 435 military, 319 unconfirmed. The highest published count."},{"name":"Hengaw Organisation for Human Rights","url":"https://hengaw.net/en/reports-and-statistics-1/2025/07/article-9","figure":"1,082 killed in Iran: 900 military or security personnel and 182 civilians","asOf":"2025-07","note":"Norway-registered independent monitor, from field documentation. Its total sits between Iran's official count and HRANA's; its civilian count is the lowest of the three serious counts."},{"name":"Iranian government official counts (as reported by Iran International)","url":"https://www.iranintl.com/en/202507221507","figure":"610 rising to 1,062","asOf":"2025-07","note":"Iran's own releases rose over successive announcements: 610 on 24 June, then 627, then 935, then 1,062 (786 military, 276 civilian)."},{"name":"Israeli medical officials, as reported by The Times of Israel","url":"https://www.timesofisrael.com/these-are-the-28-victims-killed-in-iranian-missile-attacks-during-the-12-day-conflict/","figure":"28 killed in Israel","asOf":"2025-06","note":"27 civilians and one off-duty soldier, each named, and more than 3,000 wounded. Not disputed across sources."}]},"sources":[{"name":"Day-by-day event timeline","url":"/timeline","provides":"Every recorded event of the war in order, each with its own page, coordinates, time and primary source. The same events play on the globe.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Blackwing event record","url":"/api/dataset","provides":"The same individually sourced events as machine-readable open data, with coordinates, times, casualty figures and primary-source links.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"International Atomic Energy Agency","url":"https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/iran","provides":"Official reporting on damage to Iran's nuclear facilities, safeguards status and radiation monitoring."}],"depth":"dossier","dossierPath":"/conflicts/iran-israel-2025","eventsUrl":"/api/conflicts/iran-israel-2025/events","notToBeConfusedWith":[{"id":"iran-us-2026","why":"A separate, later and far larger war. This record covers only the twelve days of June 2025 and its ceasefire. The fighting that began on 28 February 2026 is a different conflict: the same three states and many more, several times as many deaths and its own record."}],"lastVerified":"2026-07-22","killedDisplay":{"text":"1,090–1,218","qualifier":"disputed","confidence":"disputed","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Concluded","classificationLabel":"International armed conflict","recordedMonthly":null},{"id":"lebanon","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-israel-and-hezbollah","international-armed-conflict-between-israel-and-lebanon"],"name":"Armed conflicts in Lebanon","shortName":"Lebanon","nameNote":"Blackwing uses the Geneva Academy's name for the situation. It is widely called the Israel-Hezbollah war, and its 2026 phase the 2026 Lebanon war. UCDP records the fighting as one conflict wherever it happens, so the deaths it records in northern Israel from Hezbollah fire are counted here rather than in the Israel and Palestinian territories record.","region":"Middle East","status":"ceasefire","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"The Geneva Academy classifies a non-international armed conflict between Israel and Hezbollah, fought on Lebanese territory, and an international armed conflict between Israel and Lebanon, both dated from 8 October 2023. It classifies the 2026 war with Iran as a separate cluster of conflicts.","startDate":"2023-10-08","bbox":[34.95,32.52,36.56,34.63],"center":[35.65,33.61],"summary":"Hezbollah began firing on Israeli positions on 8 October 2023, the day after the Hamas-led attacks on Israel. The exchanges escalated in September 2024 into an Israeli air campaign across Lebanon and a ground offensive, halted by a ceasefire brokered by the United States and France in November 2024. The war resumed when Hezbollah attacked Israel on 2 March 2026, in the regional war with Iran: Israel answered with an air and ground campaign and declared a security zone in the south, which its troops still occupy. A US-brokered truce from April 2026, reaffirmed in June, nominally holds, and a framework signed by the United States, Israel and Lebanon in June is meant to end the conflict once non-state armed groups disarm. Hezbollah rejects it, talks have stalled over what comes first, and Israeli strikes continue. About 330,000 people remain displaced.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-02","text":"The state news agency NNA said Israeli artillery fired more than 10 shells around a spring in Ibl al-Saqi in Marjayoun district and also hit the towns of Mansouri and Majdal Zoun in Tyre district. Israeli forces opened machine-gun fire toward nearby valleys and carried out an explosion in Bani Hayyan, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/lebanon-reports-israeli-artillery-shelling-gunfire-in-south-despite-us-deal/4108495"},"places":[{"name":"Ibl al-Saqi","lon":35.63,"lat":33.36},{"name":"Mansouri","lon":35.21,"lat":33.17},{"name":"Majdal Zoun","lon":35.23,"lat":33.15}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"A Lebanese military court charged 13 people it says are linked to Hezbollah over a truck carrying 780kg of explosives seized at the Dahr al-Baydar checkpoint, with offences including possessing weapons and undermining state security. Hezbollah acknowledged owning the explosives, saying they were intended for use against Israel, and called the charges 'unjust', Al Jazeera and AP reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/31/lebanon-charges-13-over-hezbollah-confiscated-explosives"}},{"date":"2026-10-29","text":"Israeli artillery shelled a region between Mayfadoun and Zawtar on Thursday, the National News Agency said. Overnight, Israeli forces carried out detonations in Deir Mimas and shelled Kfartebnit, Baraashit, Aita al-Jabal and Marjaoun, Naharnet reported.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323420-israeli-artillery-shells-zawtar-mayfadoun"},"places":[{"name":"Mayfadoun","lon":35.47,"lat":33.35},{"name":"Deir Mimas","lon":35.55,"lat":33.3}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"Israeli artillery shelled Majdalzoun, al-Mansouri, Kounine, Baraashit and Zawtar al-Sharqiyeh on Wednesday, after Israeli forces carried out detonations overnight in the southern border towns of Khiam, Tallousa and Bani Hayyan, Naharnet reported.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323394-artillery-shells-south-lebanon-as-israelis-await-poll-results"},"places":[{"name":"Zawtar al-Sharqiyeh","lon":35.47,"lat":33.32},{"name":"Khiam","lon":35.61,"lat":33.33}]},{"date":"2026-10-26","text":"Lebanon's National News Agency reported that an Israeli drone dropped two bombs on a house between Shoukin and Mayfadoun in Nabatieh district, with no injuries, and that an Israeli airstrike targeted the outskirts of Qantara in Marjayoun district. Israeli forces also set off two large blasts in Zawtar al-Sharqiya, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israel-carries-out-strikes-in-southern-lebanon-in-fresh-ceasefire-violations/4101864"},"places":[{"name":"Mayfadoun","lon":35.47,"lat":33.35},{"name":"Qantara","lon":35.46,"lat":33.27},{"name":"Zawtar al-Sharqiya","lon":35.47,"lat":33.32}]},{"date":"2026-10-23","text":"An Israeli strike targeted the Ali al-Taher ridge in southern Lebanon on Friday while artillery shelled the outskirts of Zawtar al-Sharqiyeh, Naharnet reported. Israeli forces set forests ablaze in al-Qantara and carried out detonations in al-Khiam overnight. Drones were flying over Beirut and its southern suburbs.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323308-israeli-strike-targets-ali-al-taher"},"places":[{"name":"Ali al-Taher","lon":35.52,"lat":33.36},{"name":"Zawtar al-Sharqiyeh","lon":35.47,"lat":33.32},{"name":"al-Qantara","lon":35.46,"lat":33.27}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Israeli strikes targeted Kfartebnit and al-Qantara in southern Lebanon on Thursday while artillery shelled al-Mansouri, Wadi Zebqine and Mazraat Bouyout al-Siyyad, Naharnet reported. Israeli forces carried out detonations in Bani Hayyan and Markaba and advanced toward al-Hebbarieh.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323270-israeli-strikes-target-kfartebnit-al-qantara"},"places":[{"name":"Kfartebnit","lon":35.51,"lat":33.35},{"name":"al-Qantara","lon":35.46,"lat":33.27},{"name":"Markaba","lon":35.52,"lat":33.23}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"The first day of US-sponsored technical military talks between Lebanon and Israel ended at US Central Command headquarters in Tampa, Florida, after about six hours, diplomatic sources told Anadolu. The talks, to resume on Wednesday, aim to review implementation of the framework agreement and discuss pilot areas in southern Lebanon from which Israel is to withdraw.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/lebanon-israel-military-technical-talks-in-florida-conclude-first-day-to-resume-wednesday/4095149"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz said any rocket or drone fire at Israel would prompt strikes on Beirut's southern suburbs, ruled out withdrawing from southern Lebanon until Hezbollah was disarmed throughout the country, and said Israeli forces had demolished more than 60 Lebanese villages containing 23,000 homes, Anadolu reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/-israel-s-katz-vows-to-strike-beirut-s-southern-suburbs-over-any-rocket-or-drone-fire/4095211"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"A Lebanese judge ordered two Hezbollah officials to appear for questioning over their alleged involvement in a delivery of half a ton of explosives seized on 8 October at a checkpoint in Dahr al-Baidar, a judicial official told AFP. Security agencies were working to locate them, the official said.","source":{"name":"AFP via Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323220-judicial-warrants-issued-for-two-hezbollah-officials-in-explosives-case"}},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Two Israeli strikes targeted the southern town of Kfartebnit on Tuesday, while artillery shelled al-Mansouri and Wadi Zebqine overnight and Israeli forces carried out a massive detonation in al-Khiam, Naharnet reported.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323217-two-israel-strikes-target-kfartebnit"},"places":[{"name":"Kfartebnit","lon":35.51,"lat":33.35},{"name":"al-Mansouri","lon":35.21,"lat":33.17},{"name":"al-Khiam","lon":35.61,"lat":33.33}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"The Lebanese Army deployed in and around Dahieh after gunmen affiliated with Hezbollah briefly surrounded security forces carrying out a judicial raid on a warehouse on Dahieh's edge, Naharnet reported. Hezbollah supporters also protested overnight in Beirut and blocked a key road over the seizure of an explosives truck.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323166-army-deploys-after-hezbollah-tensions-involving-a-depot-standoff-overnight-protests-and-an-unconfirmed-report"},"places":[{"name":"Dahieh","lon":35.5,"lat":33.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Hezbollah claimed ownership of a vehicle carrying approximately 500kg of explosives seized by the Lebanese army at Dahr Al Baidar, saying its contents were intended to 'confront the Israeli occupation.' Prime Minister Nawaf Salam said there would be 'no leniency' in the investigation.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/10/15/hezbollah-claims-ownership-of-explosive-laden-vehicle-seized-by-lebanese-army/"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz, on a visit to occupied south Lebanon, said Israel would not withdraw from its security zones and, if Hezbollah joined an Iranian attack on Israel, would extend the zone to Nabatieh and the Litani River and evacuate Shiites north to the Awali and Zahrani rivers, displacing more than one million people.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/323106-katz-threatens-hezbollah-with-severe-blow-if-it-joins-any-iran-attack-on-israel"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Two people, including a 4-year-old child, were injured in an Israeli airstrike on the town of Haddatha in the Bint Jbeil district of southern Lebanon, the National News Agency said, as Israeli artillery also shelled Mansouri and Majdal Zoun.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-airstrike-injures-2-including-child-in-southern-lebanon-state-media/4089149"},"places":[{"name":"Haddatha","lon":35.39,"lat":33.17},{"name":"Bint Jbeil district","lon":35.4,"lat":33.2,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-12","text":"An explosion near Neot Mordechai in northern Israel killed a 15-year-old on a school trip and injured 19 others, according to preliminary official tallies. The Israeli military said an initial review showed it was likely caused by an unexploded munition allegedly fired by Hezbollah, AFP reported.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/12/explosion-in-northern-israel-students-and-teachers-injured"},"places":[{"name":"Neot Mordechai","lon":35.6,"lat":33.16}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Two men were killed during the olive harvest in Bint Jbeil district, one by Israeli shelling on the outskirts of Yater and the other in Froun by a munition left from earlier fighting, the National News Agency reported. The Lebanese army blamed Israeli tank fire.","source":{"name":"AFP via Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/11/two-killed-near-israeli-occupied-area-in-south-lebanon"},"places":[{"name":"Yater","lon":35.33,"lat":33.16},{"name":"Froun","lon":35.43,"lat":33.29}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Israeli warplanes struck Kfar Tebnit in the Nabatieh district and Mansouri in the Tyre district, and artillery shelling hit Majdal Zoun, Lebanon's National News Agency reported.","source":{"name":"Anadolu Agency","url":"https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-army-renews-airstrikes-artillery-shelling-in-southern-lebanon-despite-us-deal/4085106"},"places":[{"name":"Kfar Tebnit","lon":35.51,"lat":33.35},{"name":"Mansouri","lon":35.21,"lat":33.17},{"name":"Majdal Zoun","lon":35.23,"lat":33.15}]},{"date":"2026-10-09","text":"An Israeli drone strike on a car in Hermel district, near the Syrian border, wounded six people, five of them Syrian nationals, Lebanon's health ministry said. The Israeli military said it had struck a Syrian it accused of planning attacks on Israeli forces in southern Syria under the direction of the Iranian regime.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/10/israeli-drone-attack-wounds-six-in-lebanon-near-syria-border"},"places":[{"name":"Hermel","lon":36.4,"lat":34.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-08","text":"EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said in Beirut that the European Union would establish a mission to train and advise the Lebanese army on territorial control, border security and internal security, and that it would not replace the UN peacekeeping mission in south Lebanon, whose mandate expires at the end of the year.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/mena/2026/10/08/eu-to-establish-training-and-support-mission-for-lebanese-army/"}},{"date":"2026-10-01","text":"The Israeli military said its air force had hit more than 370 Hezbollah targets in southern Lebanon over the past month.","source":{"name":"Naharnet","url":"https://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/322863-israel-says-air-force-hit-over-370-hezbollah-targets-in-lebanon-last-month"}},{"date":"2026-09-28","text":"Lebanon's prime minister, Nawaf Salam, met US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in Washington as talks on the June framework stalled: Lebanon wants Israeli withdrawal first, Israel wants Hezbollah disarmed first.","source":{"name":"The National","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/us/2026/09/28/lebanon-calls-for-reciprocal-progress-on-israel-deal-as-disarming-hezbollah-remains-stalled/"}},{"date":"2026-07-21","text":"The Lebanese army deployed to Zawtar al-Gharbiya, the first 'pilot zone' under the June framework. Residents and Lebanese security sources said Israeli forces had never occupied the villages in the plan.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/7/21/lebanese-return-to-pilot-zone-villages-they-say-israel-never-occupied"},"places":[{"name":"Zawtar al-Gharbiya","lon":35.46,"lat":33.32}]},{"date":"2026-06-26","text":"The United States, Israel and Lebanon signed a framework to end the conflict, setting out the disarmament of non-state armed groups and a sequenced Israeli redeployment.","source":{"name":"US Department of State","url":"https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/06/trilateral-framework-between-the-united-states-of-america-the-state-of-israel-and-the-republic-of-lebanon/"}},{"date":"2026-06-04","text":"In US-facilitated talks in Washington, Israeli and Lebanese envoys agreed to implement a ceasefire conditional on a complete halt to Hezbollah fire. Hezbollah, which was not part of the talks, rejected it.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/4/israel-and-lebanon-agree-to-conditional-ceasefire"}},{"date":"2026-04-16","text":"President Trump announced a 10-day truce between Israel and Lebanon, which he said included Hezbollah. Prime Minister Netanyahu said Israeli forces would remain in an extensive security zone in Lebanon.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/17/what-we-know-about-the-israel-lebanon-ceasefire"}},{"date":"2026-04-08","text":"President Trump said Lebanon was not included in the ceasefire between the United States and Iran, as Israeli strikes on Lebanon continued.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/8/trump-says-lebanon-not-included-in-us-iran-ceasefire-amid-israeli-assault"}},{"date":"2026-03-24","text":"Israel's defence minister said Israel would control a large buffer zone in southern Lebanon, after bridges over the Litani river were destroyed.","source":{"name":"BBC News","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy91j9qwp4do"}},{"date":"2024-11-27","text":"A cessation of hostilities brokered by the United States and France took effect.","source":{"name":"Joint statement by Presidents Biden and Macron","url":"https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2024/11/26/joint-statement-by-president-biden-and-president-macron-announcing-a-cessation-of-hostilities"}},{"date":"2024-09-27","text":"Israel's military said it had killed Hezbollah's leader, Hassan Nasrallah, in a strike on Beirut's southern suburbs.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/28/israels-military-says-it-has-killed-hezbollah-leader-hassan-nasrallah"},"places":[{"name":"Beirut","lon":35.48,"lat":33.9}]}],"parties":[{"id":"il","name":"Israel","iso2":"IL","kind":"state","role":"Conducts air and ground operations in Lebanon against Hezbollah; since March 2026 its troops occupy a declared security zone in the south."},{"id":"hezbollah","name":"Hezbollah","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Lebanese armed group and political party. Opened fire on Israel on 8 October 2023 and again on 2 March 2026, and rejects the June 2026 framework."},{"id":"lb","name":"Lebanon","iso2":"LB","kind":"state","role":"Party to the international armed conflict with Israel classified by the Geneva Academy, and a signatory of the June 2026 framework, under which its army is to restore authority over all Lebanese territory as non-state armed groups disarm."}],"fatalities":{"low":9053,"high":9984,"asOf":"2026-09-15","countedFrom":"2023-10-08","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 1,928 individually sourced incidents since 8 Oct 2023: a best estimate of 9,406, 1,567 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 4,593 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Lebanon's health ministry counts everyone killed in Israeli attacks from the same day, without separating fighters from civilians, and its count sits close to UCDP's; UCDP's also includes deaths in Israel from Hezbollah fire.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"9,053–9,984 (best estimate 9,406)","asOf":"2026-09-15","note":"1,928 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."},{"name":"Lebanese Ministry of Public Health","url":"https://www.moph.gov.lb/en/Pages/129/87614/update-toll-of-the-aggression-30-10-2026","figure":"8,956 killed and 30,664 injured since 8 October 2023, including 4,389 killed since 2 March 2026","asOf":"2026-10-30","note":"The ministry's Health Emergency Operations Center. One running count across both phases of the war and the period between them."},{"name":"Lebanese Ministry of Public Health","url":"https://www.moph.gov.lb/en/Pages/127/77347/4-047-martyrs-and-16-638-wounded-the-total-updated-toll-of-the-israeli-aggression","figure":"4,047 killed and 16,638 injured in the 2023-2024 war","asOf":"2024-12-04","note":"Counted a week after the November 2024 ceasefire: 645 killed before 15 September 2024 and 3,402 after it. The minister said bodies remained under rubble."}]},"displaced":{"value":329686,"asOf":"2026-09-29","basis":"People displaced inside Lebanon and not yet home, tracked by IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix; another 877,203 had begun returning. It does not count people who fled abroad.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix, Lebanon Mobility Snapshot, Round 118","url":"https://reliefweb.int/report/lebanon/lebanon-mobility-snapshot-round-118-01-october-2026","figure":"329,686 internally displaced","asOf":"2026-09-29","note":"Down three per cent from 15 September; 877,203 people had begun returning."},{"name":"UN OCHA, Lebanon Flash Update #52","url":"https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/lebanon/lebanon-flash-update-52-escalation-hostilities-lebanon-31-august-2026","figure":"334,353 displaced; 823,337 returned","asOf":"2026-08-26"}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"Lebanese Ministry of Public Health","url":"https://www.moph.gov.lb/","provides":"The running count of people killed and injured in Israeli attacks since 8 October 2023."},{"name":"US Department of State, Trilateral Framework between the United States, Israel and Lebanon (26 June 2026)","url":"https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/06/trilateral-framework-between-the-united-states-of-america-the-state-of-israel-and-the-republic-of-lebanon/","provides":"The June 2026 framework: the parties' declared intent to end the conflict, and the sequenced disarmament and Israeli redeployment it sets out."},{"name":"Al Jazeera, 'Nearly 9,000 killed in Israeli attacks on Lebanon since 2023' (6 September 2026)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/6/nearly-9000-killed-in-israeli-attacks-on-lebanon-since-2023","provides":"Hezbollah's rejection of the framework and the continuing Israeli occupation of the south."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"9,053–9,984","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Ceasefire","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[1433,1177,67,55,16,30,22,22,23,31,31,23,30,41,13,22,21,1294,1172,801,710,508,25,40],"recent":573,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}},{"id":"pakistan","warWatchSlugs":["non-international-armed-conflict-between-pakistan-and-the-ttp-supported-by-al-qaeda-and-aqis","non-international-armed-conflict-between-pakistan-and-the-baloch-insurgency","non-international-armed-conflict-between-pakistan-and-islamic-state-khorasan-province-is-k","international-armed-conflict-between-afghanistan-and-pakistan"],"name":"Armed conflicts in Pakistan","shortName":"Pakistan","region":"Asia","status":"active","classification":"mixed","classificationNote":"The Geneva Academy classifies three non-international armed conflicts, between Pakistan and the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (supported by al-Qaeda and its South Asian branch), the Baloch insurgency, and the Islamic State Khorasan Province, and an international armed conflict between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Its classification of the May 2025 fighting with India is a separate international armed conflict, which ended that month.","startDate":"2007","bbox":[61.59,24.72,74.64,36.26],"center":[68.97,31.42],"summary":"Pakistan is fighting several insurgencies at once: the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan and allied groups, mainly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; Baloch separatist groups in Balochistan; and the Islamic State Khorasan Province. The two provinces accounted for more than 96 per cent of 2025's deaths by one count. Recorded deaths have risen every year since 2020 in UCDP's coding, and 2025 was the deadliest year in a decade by the count of the Centre for Research and Security Studies, at 3,417 dead including militants. Since October 2025 Pakistan has also fought Afghanistan's Taliban government, which it accuses of sheltering the TTP and which denies it: border fighting, a ceasefire mediated by Qatar and Turkey that did not hold, a declaration of open war in February 2026, and Pakistani airstrikes inside Afghanistan that resumed in September 2026 after three months of relative calm.","developments":[{"date":"2026-11-01","text":"Security forces struck several Afghan border posts, mortar positions and installations on 1 November after what the deputy commissioner of South Waziristan Lower called unprovoked firing from across the border on Pakistani positions in Angoor Adda. He said no casualties had been reported on the Pakistani side.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2638172/forces-repulse-cross-border-attack"},"places":[{"name":"South Waziristan","lon":69.7,"lat":32.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-31","text":"Unidentified gunmen opened fire outside a courtroom at the Judicial Complex in Lakki Marwat on Saturday, killing a police constable and injuring two other people. In a separate attack in Nowshera district, Mansehra Assistant Commissioner Adil Waseem was wounded while travelling in his official vehicle, The Express Tribune reported.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2638013/mansehra-ac-wounded-in-k-p-gun-attack"},"places":[{"name":"Lakki Marwat","lon":70.91,"lat":32.61},{"name":"Nowshera district","lon":72,"lat":33.9,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Pakistani security forces destroyed several Afghan Taliban posts and military installations in areas adjoining South Waziristan and Parachinar on 30 October, security sources said, in response to what they called unprovoked firing on 27 October in Angoor Adda.","source":{"name":"Geo News","url":"https://www.geo.tv/latest/688991-pakistan-army-destroys-afghan-taliban-posts-in-response-to-angoor-adda-firing-sources"},"places":[{"name":"South Waziristan","lon":69.7,"lat":32.3,"area":true},{"name":"Parachinar","lon":70.1,"lat":33.9}]},{"date":"2026-10-30","text":"Pakistani security forces shot down five drones that were aimed at a check-post in the Albat area of Kharan district, Balochistan, security sources said on 30 October. The sources blamed what they call Fitna al-Hindustan. No loss of life or property was reported.","source":{"name":"Geo News","url":"https://www.geo.tv/latest/688953-security-forces-shoot-down-five-drones-in-balochistan-sources"},"places":[{"name":"Kharan district","lon":65.4,"lat":28.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-28","text":"Dr Tariq Fazal Chaudhry, Minister for Parliamentary Affairs, told the National Assembly on 28 October that governor's rule in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa would end after six months, while the emergency would remain until peace was restored. He said both cover the whole province, with the 12 most terrorism-affected districts given special status.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2637380/k-p-governors-rule-to-end-in-six-months-emergency-to-continue-until-peace-restored-tariq-fazal"}},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"A shell landed on a house in Angoor Adda, South Waziristan, on the night of 27 October, killing one civilian and injuring five members of a family, Information Adviser Samar Haroon Bilour of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa said, citing security sources and blaming Afghan Taliban fire. She said the Pakistan Army destroyed Afghan check posts in response.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2637240/army-destroys-afghan-border-check-posts-after-5-of-a-family-injured-one-killed-in-angoor-adda"},"places":[{"name":"South Waziristan","lon":69.7,"lat":32.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-27","text":"Authorities in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa began a peace process in the twelve districts where an emergency was imposed on 11 October, assigning a 48-member Area Representatives and Development Council to engage militants through tribal elders and jirgas and persuade them to leave, the council's chairman Shaukatullah Khan told The Express Tribune.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2637108/k-p-council-tasked-to-evict-armed-groups"}},{"date":"2026-10-24","text":"Two soldiers, Naik Ghulam Murtaza and Sepoy Taseer Ahmed, were killed in an exchange of fire during an intelligence-based operation in the Zarkani area of Dera Ismail Khan on Saturday, the military's media wing ISPR said.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2636924/2-servicemen-martyred-as-forces-kill-7-terrorists"},"places":[{"name":"Dera Ismail Khan","lon":70.5,"lat":32,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Attacks near the Gabd border crossing and in Gwadar city on Thursday left one civilian dead and several vehicles damaged, the military's media wing ISPR said, attributing them to what it calls Fitna al-Hindustan. It said no security personnel were killed.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2636503/10-terrorists-including-woman-killed-after-foiled-attack-in-gwadar-ispr"},"places":[{"name":"Gwadar","lon":62.33,"lat":25.15},{"name":"Gabd","lon":61.8,"lat":25.38}]},{"date":"2026-10-22","text":"Four police personnel, including Counter-Terrorism Department (CTD) DSP Imranuddin, were killed in an exchange of fire with armed men in the Khurram Muhammad Zai area of Karak district, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, police said.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2636373/dsp-among-4-ctd-police-personnel-martyred-in-karak-attack"},"places":[{"name":"Karak","lon":71.1,"lat":33.1,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"Unidentified armed men took passengers from a coach and security guards from a sugar mills bus near Cheera Minor on the Indus Highway in DI Khan between Tuesday and Wednesday, reports said. Five passengers were later released, while 17 mill workers remained missing; police said an operation was under way to recover them.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2636265/five-freed-17-mill-workers-missing"},"places":[{"name":"DI Khan","lon":70.5,"lat":32,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-20","text":"An additional station house officer of Miranshah police station, Meera Khan, was shot dead by unidentified armed men near Miranshah Bypass in North Waziristan on Tuesday evening, police officials said. District Police Officer Sajjad Hussain said police had launched a search operation to trace the attackers.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635921/police-officer-martyred-in-gun-attack-near-miranshah-bypass"},"places":[{"name":"Miranshah","lon":70.07,"lat":33}]},{"date":"2026-10-19","text":"The military's media wing ISPR said on 19 October that Major Wajahat Waheed, 34, was killed by an improvised explosive device during clearance operations in the Shadi Kaur area of Pasni tehsil, Gwadar district.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635666/army-major-martyred-in-ied-attack-four-terrorists-killed-in-balochistan-ibo-ispr"},"places":[{"name":"Pasni","lon":63.5,"lat":25.3,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"State media reported that the Pakistan Army responded to what it called unprovoked firing by the Afghan Taliban in Upper Kurram and Ghozgarhi, hitting the Topsar post and Shipola base camp with artillery fire.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635388/several-afghan-taliban-posts-destroyed-as-pakistan-responds-to-border-firing-state-media"},"places":[{"name":"Upper Kurram","lon":70.1,"lat":33.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Unidentified armed men abducted 20 trainee police personnel travelling from Kalat to Nushki in a private van in Balochistan, officials told The Express Tribune. The men, former Levies members, were taken to Mastung district, and efforts to recover them were under way.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635363/armed-men-abduct-20-trainee-police-personnel-travelling-from-kalat-to-nushki-officials"}},{"date":"2026-10-17","text":"Unidentified gunmen shot dead two police head constables on patrol near Bedar Bridge in Balochistan's Nasirabad district and took their weapons, police told The Express Tribune. Families of the dead blocked the Sindh-Balochistan National Highway with the bodies in protest.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635383/two-police-head-constables-martyred-in-attack-in-balochistans-nasirabad"},"places":[{"name":"Nasirabad","lon":68.1,"lat":28.6,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-15","text":"Attackers struck the Spina Mela police checkpost in Hassan Khel, Peshawar, killing a police constable, Capital City Police Officer (CCPO) Mian Saeed Ahmad said on Friday. Police returned fire and the attackers fled; a search operation was launched.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635188/constable-martyred-in-terrorists-attack-on-police-checkpost-in-peshawar"},"places":[{"name":"Peshawar","lon":71.5,"lat":34,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"The National Assembly and the Senate endorsed President Asif Ali Zardari's proclamation of emergency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, passing resolutions by majority votes despite opposition objections. The federal government imposed the emergency and governor's rule on 11 October, suspending the provincial administration led by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2634779/govt-tables-resolution-in-na-seeking-endorsement-of-k-p-emergency"}},{"date":"2026-10-14","text":"Security forces killed five militants and injured four others in an intelligence-based operation in Washuk district, Balochistan, against what the government designates Fitna al-Hindustan, state media reported, citing security sources.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2634765/five-terrorists-killed-four-injured-in-balochistan-ibo-state-media"},"places":[{"name":"Washuk district","lon":63.8,"lat":27.8,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-11","text":"Pakistan declared a state of emergency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, effectively suspending the provincial government run by Imran Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf; the prime minister's office cited the provincial government's 'deliberate disengagement from the fight against terrorism'. The governor will run the province with an advisory council, initially for six months, Law Minister Azam Nazeer Tarar said.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera (with Reuters)","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/11/pakistan-imposes-emergency-rule-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa"}},{"date":"2026-10-10","text":"Security forces killed 12 'khawarij and Afghan Taliban' while thwarting an infiltration attempt from Afghanistan in Kurram district, and one soldier was killed, the military's media wing said; it said Afghan Taliban posts had opened fire to support the infiltration attempt.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2634327/soldier-martyred-twelve-terrorists-killed-in-kurram"},"places":[{"name":"Kurram district","lon":70.4,"lat":33.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-10-06","text":"Five people, including four Federal Board of Revenue officials and a traffic police officer, were killed in separate shootings in Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the district police officer said; in one, a highway patrol vehicle came under fire and its driver was killed.","source":{"name":"The Express Tribune","url":"https://tribune.com.pk/story/2633262/four-including-two-fbr-officials-killed-in-di-khan-firing"},"places":[{"name":"Dera Ismail Khan","lon":70.91,"lat":31.83}]},{"date":"2026-10-05","text":"Moscow Format consultations on Afghanistan ended without a joint statement, mainly because of disagreements between the Pakistani and Afghan delegations, Dawn reported; the Afghan side objected to references placing Afghanistan in a terrorist context.","source":{"name":"Dawn","url":"https://www.dawn.com/news/2035069/moscow-moot-ends-sans-joint-statement"}},{"date":"2026-09-30","text":"Overnight Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan's Kunar and Helmand provinces killed at least 10 civilians, most of them children, according to the UN mission in Afghanistan. Pakistan said it hit TTP and Balochistan Liberation Army hideouts and killed 22 fighters.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/1/afghanistan-says-nine-killed-in-pakistani-air-raids-on-kunar-helmand"},"places":[{"name":"Kunar","lon":71.1,"lat":35,"area":true},{"name":"Helmand","lon":64,"lat":31,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-26","text":"Two Rescue 1122 workers were killed when their ambulance came under fire while it carried victims of the Dera Ismail Khan checkpoint bombing, 24NewsHD reported, as the bombing's toll rose to 13.","source":{"name":"24NewsHD","url":"https://www.24newshd.tv/27-Sep-2026/di-khan-blast-aman-checkpost-death-toll-rises-13-30-injured"},"places":[{"name":"Dera Ismail Khan","lon":70.91,"lat":31.83}]},{"date":"2026-09-26","text":"A suicide bomber drove an explosives-laden vehicle into a police checkpoint in Dera Ismail Khan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, killing at least 12 people and wounding 30, police said.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/26/blast-in-pakistans-dera-ismail-khan-kills-several-people"},"places":[{"name":"Dera Ismail Khan","lon":70.5,"lat":32,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-24","text":"Pakistan said it struck ten locations in Afghanistan used to store and launch drones, after what it called a drone incursion the day before. The Taliban government said the strikes hit Kandahar, Paktia and Khost and killed at least four people.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/24/pakistan-says-it-launches-air-strikes-on-afghanistan-after-drone-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Kandahar","lon":65.7,"lat":31,"area":true},{"name":"Paktia","lon":69.4,"lat":33.7,"area":true},{"name":"Khost","lon":69.9,"lat":33.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-21","text":"Pakistan carried out airstrikes in Afghanistan's Kunar and Paktika provinces after nearly three months of relative calm; it said 28 fighters were killed, while Afghan officials said three members of one family died in Kunar.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/21/afghanistan-says-three-killed-in-pakistani-air-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Kunar","lon":71.1,"lat":35,"area":true},{"name":"Paktika","lon":68.7,"lat":32.4,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-09-18","text":"A suicide car bombing at a mosque inside a police headquarters in Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and the gun battle that followed killed at least 31 people; Ittehadul Mujahideen, a faction linked to the Pakistan Taliban, claimed it.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/18/bomb-attack-at-pakistan-mosque-kills-at-least-15-injures-50"},"places":[{"name":"Kohat","lon":71.44,"lat":33.6}]},{"date":"2026-03-18","text":"Pakistan and Afghanistan announced a five-day pause in hostilities for Eid al-Fitr from 19 March, which Pakistan's information minister said Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkey had requested.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/18/pakistan-and-afghanistan-agree-to-temporary-eid-al-fitr-pause-in-conflict"}},{"date":"2026-03-16","text":"An air strike on Kabul's Omar Addiction Treatment Hospital killed 143 people by the UN mission's count; the Taliban government, which put the toll above 400, blamed Pakistan, which denied targeting civilians.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/18/un-revises-kabul-rehab-strike-toll-as-pakistan-denies-targeting-civilians"},"places":[{"name":"Kabul","lon":69.19,"lat":34.53}]},{"date":"2026-02-27","text":"Pakistan struck military targets in Kabul, Kandahar and Paktia after Afghan Taliban forces attacked its border posts, and its defence minister called the situation open war.","source":{"name":"Military.com","url":"https://www.military.com/feature/2026/02/27/pakistan-declares-open-war-afghan-taliban-airstrikes-hammer-kabul-and-kandahar.html"},"places":[{"name":"Kabul","lon":69.19,"lat":34.53},{"name":"Kandahar","lon":65.72,"lat":31.62},{"name":"Paktia","lon":69.4,"lat":33.7,"area":true}]},{"date":"2026-01-31","text":"Coordinated attacks claimed by the Balochistan Liberation Army struck about a dozen places across Balochistan. Pakistani forces said they killed 145 fighters in the following operations.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/2/2/pakistani-forces-kill-145-fighters-in-balochistan-after-deadly-attacks"},"places":[{"name":"Balochistan","lon":66,"lat":28,"area":true}]},{"date":"2025-11-07","text":"Pakistan said its talks with Afghanistan's Taliban government had ended in deadlock.","source":{"name":"Al Jazeera","url":"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/11/7/pakistan-says-afghanistan-talks-deadlocked-after-deadly-border-clashes"}},{"date":"2025-10-19","text":"After a week of fighting that began when Pakistan struck what it called militant hideouts inside Afghanistan, the two governments agreed a ceasefire in Doha under Qatari and Turkish mediation.","source":{"name":"Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (joint statement)","url":"https://www.mfa.gov.tr/joint-statement-on-the-talks-between-afghanistan-and-pakistan-through-the-mediation-of-turkiye-and-qatar-30-10-2025.en.mfa"}}],"parties":[{"id":"pk","name":"Pakistan","iso2":"PK","kind":"state","role":"The state, fighting through the army, the paramilitary Frontier Corps and the police; a party to every conflict in this record."},{"id":"ttp","name":"Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Formed in 2007 from about 40 militant groups; the largest armed group fighting the state, principally in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Geneva Academy notes support from al-Qaeda and its South Asian branch. Allied factions such as Ittehadul Mujahideen, linked to Hafiz Gul Bahadur, also attack the state."},{"id":"baloch","name":"Baloch armed groups","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Separatist groups fighting the state in Balochistan, among them the Balochistan Liberation Army and the Balochistan Liberation Front, several of them allied since 2018 in the BRAS coalition."},{"id":"iskp","name":"Islamic State Khorasan Province","kind":"non_state_armed_group","role":"Islamic State affiliate that carries out most of its attacks in Afghanistan and Pakistan; claimed the February 2026 bombing of a Shia mosque in Islamabad."},{"id":"af","name":"Afghanistan","iso2":"AF","kind":"state","role":"Governed by the Taliban; party to the international armed conflict with Pakistan, whose strikes inside Afghanistan, recorded since at least 2024, escalated into open hostilities in October 2025. Pakistan accuses it of sheltering the TTP; it denies that its territory is used against Pakistan."}],"fatalities":{"low":10966,"high":16290,"asOf":"2026-09-30","countedFrom":"2020-01-01","basis":"Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 3,917 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 11,833, 1,361 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,753 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. For 2025, UCDP's coding (3,331 deaths) sits among the counts of Pakistan's own conflict monitors below, each of which includes militants killed in security operations. Deaths inside Afghanistan from Pakistan's strikes fall outside this record, which counts violence in Pakistan; UNAMA counts civilians killed there.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","figure":"10,966–16,290 (best estimate 11,833)","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"3,917 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each."},{"name":"Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Annual Security Report 2025","url":"https://crss.pk/border-closure-brings-down-terrorist-violence/","figure":"3,417 killed in 2025","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"Violence-linked deaths among civilians, security personnel and militants, in attacks and counter-terrorism operations: the highest since 2015. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan account for more than 96 per cent."},{"name":"Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), 2025","url":"https://www.picss.net/press-release/pakistans-2025-counterterrorism-toll-surges-74-as-militancy-hits-multi-year-highs-picss-islamabad-january-01-2026/","figure":"3,413 killed in 2025","asOf":"2026-01-01","note":"Combat-related deaths: 2,138 militants, 667 security personnel, 580 civilians and 28 members of pro-government peace committees."},{"name":"Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), 2026","url":"https://www.picss.net/press-release/militant-attacks-security-operations-make-july-deadliest-month-of-2026-picss/","figure":"2,786 killed in January to July 2026","asOf":"2026-08-01","note":"1,857 militants, 463 civilians, 434 security personnel and 32 members of peace committees; July, with at least 606, was the deadliest month of the year."},{"name":"Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), August 2026","url":"https://www.picss.net/latest-reports/militant-attacks-increase-but-human-impact-declines-in-august-amid-sustained-ct-pressure-picss/","figure":"369 killed in August 2026","asOf":"2026-09-01","note":"Deaths linked to militant attacks and counter-militancy operations, the same series as the January to July count, down 39 per cent from July. PICSS has not published a cumulative figure for the year, so the two are shown apart rather than added here."},{"name":"Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), September 2026","url":"https://picss.net/reports/picss-weekly-insight-25-sep-2026-01-oct-2026/","figure":"545 killed in September 2026","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"The same series as the monthly counts above: 545 killed in militant attacks and security operations combined, 259 of them in 225 militant attacks, a 12-year monthly high. As The Nation reported the release, they were 346 militants, 103 security personnel, 81 civilians and 15 peace committee members."},{"name":"Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Security Report Q3 2026","url":"https://crss.pk/pakistan-records-83-surge-in-violence-as-balochistan-death-toll-triples/","figure":"1,415 killed in July to September 2026","asOf":"2026-09-30","note":"Violence-linked deaths among civilians, security personnel and militants: 83 per cent more than the 774 of the second quarter, with Balochistan's toll tripling."},{"name":"Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS), Pakistan Security Report 2025","url":"https://pakpips.com/web/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PIPS%20Security%20Report%2025.pdf","figure":"2,985 killed in 2025","asOf":"2026-02-02","note":"All conflict-related violence, militants included, and the border clashes with India and Afghanistan. Deaths in terrorist attacks alone: 1,034."},{"name":"UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA)","url":"https://unama.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/2026-07/ENGLISH%20-%20Annex%20B%20-%20Cross-border%20civilian%20casualties%20April%20-%20June%202026.pdf","figure":"499 civilians killed and 1,216 injured in Afghanistan from 1 October 2025 to 30 June 2026","asOf":"2026-06-30","note":"Civilians killed inside Afghanistan by cross-border military action. Not part of this record's figure, which counts deaths in Pakistan."}]},"displaced":{"value":269000,"asOf":"2025-12-31","basis":"People internally displaced by conflict and violence at the end of 2025, including a protracted caseload from the 2002-2014 fighting in the former tribal areas. Conflict caused another 251,000 displacements during 2025, the most in more than a decade, among them 152,000 before a military operation in Bajaur. IDMC holds medium confidence in these figures and considers them an underestimate.","confidence":"documented","sources":[{"name":"IDMC, Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026","url":"https://www.internal-displacement.org/global-report/grid2026/","figure":"269,000 internally displaced by conflict at the end of 2025; 251,000 conflict displacements during 2025","asOf":"2025-12-31","note":"Published 12 May 2026. Displacements count movements, so one person can be counted more than once; the 269,000 counts people."}]},"sources":[{"name":"UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset","url":"https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/","provides":"Individually geocoded, dated and sourced incidents of organised violence worldwide, each with a low, best and high fatality bound.","license":"CC BY 4.0"},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch","url":"https://warwatch.ch/","provides":"Formal international-humanitarian-law classification of each situation, and the neutral naming of the parties."},{"name":"Geneva Academy War Watch: Pakistan and the TTP","url":"https://warwatch.ch/conflicts/non-international-armed-conflict-between-pakistan-and-the-ttp-supported-by-al-qaeda-and-aqis/","provides":"The start date: the TTP, the largest party, formed in 2007 from about 40 militant groups."},{"name":"Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS)","url":"https://crss.pk/category/annual-security-report/","provides":"Annual and quarterly security reports: deaths by province and party, the October 2025 border closure and the February 2026 Islamabad bombing."},{"name":"Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS)","url":"https://www.picss.net/","provides":"Monthly and annual counts of deaths in militant violence and counter-militancy operations."},{"name":"Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS)","url":"https://www.pakpips.com/","provides":"The annual Pakistan Security Report."},{"name":"Associated Press, 'Pakistan says peace talks with Afghanistan's Taliban government in Istanbul failed after 4 days' (28 October 2025)","url":"https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-afghanistan-peace-talks-stalled-istanbul-a82bd2ea927a6096a58f784ba9579e82","provides":"Pakistan's accusation that the Taliban government shelters the TTP, and Kabul's denial."}],"depth":"aggregate","lastVerified":"2026-11-02","killedDisplay":{"text":"10k–16k","qualifier":"at least","confidence":"documented","isRange":true,"scope":null},"statusLabel":"Active","classificationLabel":"Multiple concurrent classifications","recordedMonthly":{"source":"UCDP","months":["2024-10","2024-11","2024-12","2025-01","2025-02","2025-03","2025-04","2025-05","2025-06","2025-07","2025-08","2025-09","2025-10","2025-11","2025-12","2026-01","2026-02","2026-03","2026-04","2026-05","2026-06","2026-07","2026-08","2026-09"],"deaths":[185,322,257,275,261,342,225,245,165,202,231,378,450,334,223,377,350,187,204,335,432,666,528,674],"recent":1868,"recentFrom":"2026-07","recentTo":"2026-09"}}]}