Active · Asia

Armed conflicts in Pakistan

Killed

Verified

at least10k–16kDocumented

Counted from to . All 10 published counts and what each one counts

Latest development · , South Waziristan

Security forces struck several Afghan border posts, mortar positions and installations on 1 November after what the deputy commissioner of South Waziristan Lower called unprovoked firing from across the border on Pakistani positions in Angoor Adda. He said no casualties had been reported on the Pakistani side.

The Express Tribune All 35 developments

Status
Active
Sustained hostilities in the current reporting period.
Began
2007
Ongoing
Displaced
at least 269k
Documented, as of 31 Dec 2025
Classification
MIXED
The Geneva Academy classifies three non-international armed conflicts, between Pakistan and the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (supported by al-Qaeda and its South Asian branch), the Baloch insurgency, and the Islamic State Khorasan Province, and an international armed conflict between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Its classification of the May 2025 fighting with India is a separate international armed conflict, which ended that month.
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Pakistan is fighting several insurgencies at once: the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan and allied groups, mainly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; Baloch separatist groups in Balochistan; and the Islamic State Khorasan Province. The two provinces accounted for more than 96 per cent of 2025's deaths by one count. Recorded deaths have risen every year since 2020 in UCDP's coding, and 2025 was the deadliest year in a decade by the count of the Centre for Research and Security Studies, at 3,417 dead including militants. Since October 2025 Pakistan has also fought Afghanistan's Taliban government, which it accuses of sheltering the TTP and which denies it: border fighting, a ceasefire mediated by Qatar and Turkey that did not hold, a declaration of open war in February 2026, and Pakistani airstrikes inside Afghanistan that resumed in September 2026 after three months of relative calm.

Recorded deaths per month

1,868 deaths recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded, against 971 from Apr to Jun 2026.

Deaths recorded per month, Oct 2024 to Sep 2026 (UCDP)

Oct 2024Sep 2026

UCDP counts direct deaths in incidents it codes under its own definitions, so these months are a documented floor.

Latest developments

  1. South Waziristan

    Security forces struck several Afghan border posts, mortar positions and installations on 1 November after what the deputy commissioner of South Waziristan Lower called unprovoked firing from across the border on Pakistani positions in Angoor Adda. He said no casualties had been reported on the Pakistani side.

    The Express Tribune
  2. Lakki Marwat, Nowshera district

    Unidentified gunmen opened fire outside a courtroom at the Judicial Complex in Lakki Marwat on Saturday, killing a police constable and injuring two other people. In a separate attack in Nowshera district, Mansehra Assistant Commissioner Adil Waseem was wounded while travelling in his official vehicle, The Express Tribune reported.

    The Express Tribune
  3. South Waziristan, Parachinar

    Pakistani security forces destroyed several Afghan Taliban posts and military installations in areas adjoining South Waziristan and Parachinar on 30 October, security sources said, in response to what they called unprovoked firing on 27 October in Angoor Adda.

    Geo News
  4. Kharan district

    Pakistani security forces shot down five drones that were aimed at a check-post in the Albat area of Kharan district, Balochistan, security sources said on 30 October. The sources blamed what they call Fitna al-Hindustan. No loss of life or property was reported.

    Geo News
  5. Dr Tariq Fazal Chaudhry, Minister for Parliamentary Affairs, told the National Assembly on 28 October that governor's rule in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa would end after six months, while the emergency would remain until peace was restored. He said both cover the whole province, with the 12 most terrorism-affected districts given special status.

    The Express Tribune
  6. South Waziristan

    A shell landed on a house in Angoor Adda, South Waziristan, on the night of 27 October, killing one civilian and injuring five members of a family, Information Adviser Samar Haroon Bilour of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa said, citing security sources and blaming Afghan Taliban fire. She said the Pakistan Army destroyed Afghan check posts in response.

    The Express Tribune
  7. Authorities in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa began a peace process in the twelve districts where an emergency was imposed on 11 October, assigning a 48-member Area Representatives and Development Council to engage militants through tribal elders and jirgas and persuade them to leave, the council's chairman Shaukatullah Khan told The Express Tribune.

    The Express Tribune
  8. Dera Ismail Khan

    Two soldiers, Naik Ghulam Murtaza and Sepoy Taseer Ahmed, were killed in an exchange of fire during an intelligence-based operation in the Zarkani area of Dera Ismail Khan on Saturday, the military's media wing ISPR said.

    The Express Tribune
27 earlier, back to 19 Oct 2025
  1. Gwadar, Gabd

    Attacks near the Gabd border crossing and in Gwadar city on Thursday left one civilian dead and several vehicles damaged, the military's media wing ISPR said, attributing them to what it calls Fitna al-Hindustan. It said no security personnel were killed.

    The Express Tribune
  2. Karak

    Four police personnel, including Counter-Terrorism Department (CTD) DSP Imranuddin, were killed in an exchange of fire with armed men in the Khurram Muhammad Zai area of Karak district, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, police said.

    The Express Tribune
  3. DI Khan

    Unidentified armed men took passengers from a coach and security guards from a sugar mills bus near Cheera Minor on the Indus Highway in DI Khan between Tuesday and Wednesday, reports said. Five passengers were later released, while 17 mill workers remained missing; police said an operation was under way to recover them.

    The Express Tribune
  4. Miranshah

    An additional station house officer of Miranshah police station, Meera Khan, was shot dead by unidentified armed men near Miranshah Bypass in North Waziristan on Tuesday evening, police officials said. District Police Officer Sajjad Hussain said police had launched a search operation to trace the attackers.

    The Express Tribune
  5. Pasni

    The military's media wing ISPR said on 19 October that Major Wajahat Waheed, 34, was killed by an improvised explosive device during clearance operations in the Shadi Kaur area of Pasni tehsil, Gwadar district.

    The Express Tribune
  6. Upper Kurram

    State media reported that the Pakistan Army responded to what it called unprovoked firing by the Afghan Taliban in Upper Kurram and Ghozgarhi, hitting the Topsar post and Shipola base camp with artillery fire.

    The Express Tribune
  7. Unidentified armed men abducted 20 trainee police personnel travelling from Kalat to Nushki in a private van in Balochistan, officials told The Express Tribune. The men, former Levies members, were taken to Mastung district, and efforts to recover them were under way.

    The Express Tribune
  8. Nasirabad

    Unidentified gunmen shot dead two police head constables on patrol near Bedar Bridge in Balochistan's Nasirabad district and took their weapons, police told The Express Tribune. Families of the dead blocked the Sindh-Balochistan National Highway with the bodies in protest.

    The Express Tribune
  9. Peshawar

    Attackers struck the Spina Mela police checkpost in Hassan Khel, Peshawar, killing a police constable, Capital City Police Officer (CCPO) Mian Saeed Ahmad said on Friday. Police returned fire and the attackers fled; a search operation was launched.

    The Express Tribune
  10. The National Assembly and the Senate endorsed President Asif Ali Zardari's proclamation of emergency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, passing resolutions by majority votes despite opposition objections. The federal government imposed the emergency and governor's rule on 11 October, suspending the provincial administration led by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).

    The Express Tribune
  11. Washuk district

    Security forces killed five militants and injured four others in an intelligence-based operation in Washuk district, Balochistan, against what the government designates Fitna al-Hindustan, state media reported, citing security sources.

    The Express Tribune
  12. Pakistan declared a state of emergency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, effectively suspending the provincial government run by Imran Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf; the prime minister's office cited the provincial government's 'deliberate disengagement from the fight against terrorism'. The governor will run the province with an advisory council, initially for six months, Law Minister Azam Nazeer Tarar said.

    Al Jazeera (with Reuters)
  13. Kurram district

    Security forces killed 12 'khawarij and Afghan Taliban' while thwarting an infiltration attempt from Afghanistan in Kurram district, and one soldier was killed, the military's media wing said; it said Afghan Taliban posts had opened fire to support the infiltration attempt.

    The Express Tribune
  14. Dera Ismail Khan

    Five people, including four Federal Board of Revenue officials and a traffic police officer, were killed in separate shootings in Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the district police officer said; in one, a highway patrol vehicle came under fire and its driver was killed.

    The Express Tribune
  15. Moscow Format consultations on Afghanistan ended without a joint statement, mainly because of disagreements between the Pakistani and Afghan delegations, Dawn reported; the Afghan side objected to references placing Afghanistan in a terrorist context.

    Dawn
  16. Kunar, Helmand

    Overnight Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan's Kunar and Helmand provinces killed at least 10 civilians, most of them children, according to the UN mission in Afghanistan. Pakistan said it hit TTP and Balochistan Liberation Army hideouts and killed 22 fighters.

    Al Jazeera
  17. Dera Ismail Khan

    Two Rescue 1122 workers were killed when their ambulance came under fire while it carried victims of the Dera Ismail Khan checkpoint bombing, 24NewsHD reported, as the bombing's toll rose to 13.

    24NewsHD
  18. Dera Ismail Khan

    A suicide bomber drove an explosives-laden vehicle into a police checkpoint in Dera Ismail Khan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, killing at least 12 people and wounding 30, police said.

    Al Jazeera
  19. Kandahar, Paktia, Khost

    Pakistan said it struck ten locations in Afghanistan used to store and launch drones, after what it called a drone incursion the day before. The Taliban government said the strikes hit Kandahar, Paktia and Khost and killed at least four people.

    Al Jazeera
  20. Kunar, Paktika

    Pakistan carried out airstrikes in Afghanistan's Kunar and Paktika provinces after nearly three months of relative calm; it said 28 fighters were killed, while Afghan officials said three members of one family died in Kunar.

    Al Jazeera
  21. Kohat

    A suicide car bombing at a mosque inside a police headquarters in Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and the gun battle that followed killed at least 31 people; Ittehadul Mujahideen, a faction linked to the Pakistan Taliban, claimed it.

    Al Jazeera
  22. Pakistan and Afghanistan announced a five-day pause in hostilities for Eid al-Fitr from 19 March, which Pakistan's information minister said Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkey had requested.

    Al Jazeera
  23. Kabul

    An air strike on Kabul's Omar Addiction Treatment Hospital killed 143 people by the UN mission's count; the Taliban government, which put the toll above 400, blamed Pakistan, which denied targeting civilians.

    Al Jazeera
  24. Kabul, Kandahar, Paktia

    Pakistan struck military targets in Kabul, Kandahar and Paktia after Afghan Taliban forces attacked its border posts, and its defence minister called the situation open war.

    Military.com
  25. Balochistan

    Coordinated attacks claimed by the Balochistan Liberation Army struck about a dozen places across Balochistan. Pakistani forces said they killed 145 fighters in the following operations.

    Al Jazeera
  26. Pakistan said its talks with Afghanistan's Taliban government had ended in deadlock.

    Al Jazeera
  27. After a week of fighting that began when Pakistan struck what it called militant hideouts inside Afghanistan, the two governments agreed a ceasefire in Doha under Qatari and Turkish mediation.

    Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (joint statement)

The new developments in this war, the morning after they enter the record, by email or as a feed: Blackwing Desk.

Parties

  • Pakistan

    The state, fighting through the army, the paramilitary Frontier Corps and the police; a party to every conflict in this record.

  • Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP)non-state armed group

    Formed in 2007 from about 40 militant groups; the largest armed group fighting the state, principally in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Geneva Academy notes support from al-Qaeda and its South Asian branch. Allied factions such as Ittehadul Mujahideen, linked to Hafiz Gul Bahadur, also attack the state.

  • Baloch armed groupsnon-state armed group

    Separatist groups fighting the state in Balochistan, among them the Balochistan Liberation Army and the Balochistan Liberation Front, several of them allied since 2018 in the BRAS coalition.

  • Islamic State Khorasan Provincenon-state armed group

    Islamic State affiliate that carries out most of its attacks in Afghanistan and Pakistan; claimed the February 2026 bombing of a Shia mosque in Islamabad.

  • Afghanistan

    Governed by the Taliban; party to the international armed conflict with Pakistan, whose strikes inside Afghanistan, recorded since at least 2024, escalated into open hostilities in October 2025. Pakistan accuses it of sheltering the TTP; it denies that its territory is used against Pakistan.

Killed

at least10k–16kDocumented

Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 3,917 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 11,833, 1,361 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,753 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. For 2025, UCDP's coding (3,331 deaths) sits among the counts of Pakistan's own conflict monitors below, each of which includes militants killed in security operations. Deaths inside Afghanistan from Pakistan's strikes fall outside this record, which counts violence in Pakistan; UNAMA counts civilians killed there. As of .

SourceFigure
UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (Uppsala University)

3,917 recorded incidents. UCDP publishes a low, best and high bound for every incident; this is the sum of each.

10,966–16,290 (best estimate 11,833)As of
Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Annual Security Report 2025

Violence-linked deaths among civilians, security personnel and militants, in attacks and counter-terrorism operations: the highest since 2015. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan account for more than 96 per cent.

3,417 killed in 2025As of
Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), 2025

Combat-related deaths: 2,138 militants, 667 security personnel, 580 civilians and 28 members of pro-government peace committees.

3,413 killed in 2025As of
Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), 2026

1,857 militants, 463 civilians, 434 security personnel and 32 members of peace committees; July, with at least 606, was the deadliest month of the year.

2,786 killed in January to July 2026As of
Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), August 2026

Deaths linked to militant attacks and counter-militancy operations, the same series as the January to July count, down 39 per cent from July. PICSS has not published a cumulative figure for the year, so the two are shown apart rather than added here.

369 killed in August 2026As of
Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), September 2026

The same series as the monthly counts above: 545 killed in militant attacks and security operations combined, 259 of them in 225 militant attacks, a 12-year monthly high. As The Nation reported the release, they were 346 militants, 103 security personnel, 81 civilians and 15 peace committee members.

545 killed in September 2026As of
Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), October 2026

The same series as the monthly counts above: 53 security forces personnel, 5 peace committee members, 45 civilians and 169 militants.

272 killed in October 2026As of
Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Security Report Q3 2026

Violence-linked deaths among civilians, security personnel and militants: 83 per cent more than the 774 of the second quarter, with Balochistan's toll tripling.

1,415 killed in July to September 2026As of
Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS), Pakistan Security Report 2025

All conflict-related violence, militants included, and the border clashes with India and Afghanistan. Deaths in terrorist attacks alone: 1,034.

2,985 killed in 2025As of
UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA)

Civilians killed inside Afghanistan by cross-border military action. Not part of this record's figure, which counts deaths in Pakistan.

499 civilians killed and 1,216 injured in Afghanistan from 1 October 2025 to 30 June 2026As of

Displaced

at least269kDocumented

People internally displaced by conflict and violence at the end of 2025, including a protracted caseload from the 2002-2014 fighting in the former tribal areas. Conflict caused another 251,000 displacements during 2025, the most in more than a decade, among them 152,000 before a military operation in Bajaur. IDMC holds medium confidence in these figures and considers them an underestimate. As of .

SourceFigure
IDMC, Global Report on Internal Displacement 2026

Published 12 May 2026. Displacements count movements, so one person can be counted more than once; the 269,000 counts people.

269,000 internally displaced by conflict at the end of 2025; 251,000 conflict displacements during 2025As of

Briefings

  • How Many Wars Are Going On Right Now? The 2026 Count

    Every published count of the world's wars side by side, from the research count that found more armed conflicts in 2025 than in any year since 1946 to legal counts past 130: what each one measures, and the wars behind the numbers.

Standing sources

Other wars in the record

Last verified