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Explore armed conflicts, their timelines and live intelligence layers on one interactive globe. Compare published casualty figures and inspect every source.
13 wars have been fought in 2026 so far, among 65 armed conflicts (UCDP data to 30 Sep), and 11 were still being fought on 2 Nov. The record of every war still being fought was last checked against current reporting on 2 Nov 2026.
Read how this record is built and what it refuses to do at /methodology, open the analytical intelligence dashboard, or take the record as open data under CC BY 4.0: the conflict registry (every tracked conflict with its casualty range and sources) and the event-level Twelve-Day War record. Read the long-form briefings, starting with how many wars there are in the world in 2026, which sets every published count side by side, browse every object in the record (wars, actors, weapon systems, facilities and sources), or follow the June 2025 war day by day.
Base map data (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, served as vector tiles by OpenFreeMap ((c) OpenMapTiles). Deep-zoom satellite imagery: Sentinel-2 cloudless 2024 by EOX IT Services GmbH (contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data), CC BY 4.0.
Active. Europe. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began 24 Feb 2022.
Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February 2022, escalating a conflict that began in 2014 with the annexation of Crimea and fighting in the Donbas. It is by a wide margin the deadliest armed conflict in the world by directly recorded deaths, and the fighting has settled into attritional warfare along a long front line combined with sustained long-range strikes on cities and energy infrastructure. Talks brokered by the United States in 2026 have produced a three-day truce in May but no settlement. The war has also produced Europe's largest refugee movement since the Second World War.
Latest, 1 Nov 2026: Russia launched 433 drones overnight, and the Air Force said 371 were downed. Strikes on energy infrastructure in at least four regions injured three DTEK workers. President Volodymyr Zelensky said on 1 November that hundreds of thousands of families remained without electricity. Source: The Kyiv Independent.
Killed: at least 375k–645k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 40,944 individually sourced incidents since 24 Feb 2022: a best estimate of 438,542, 30,241 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 64,472 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. It counts the war wherever UCDP places its incidents: in Russia too (the Kursk incursion, cross-border shelling and long-range strikes), as well as every other incident of organised violence in Ukraine since the invasion. Military casualties on both sides are treated as state secrets and are not reliably published, so the true military toll is unknown and is widely believed to be substantially higher than any recorded figure. The separately verified civilian toll below is itself explicitly described by the UN as an undercount.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 16,995 deaths.
Displaced: 9.0M. People forcibly displaced from Ukraine at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,712,000 displaced inside the country and 5,250,714 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Ukraine, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Russia, Ukraine.
Active. Africa. Non-international armed conflict. Began 3 Nov 2020.
The war in Tigray, fought from November 2020 until the Pretoria cessation-of-hostilities agreement in November 2022, is one of the deadliest conflicts of the century by recorded deaths and dominates Ethiopia's total. Fighting continued afterwards in Amhara and Oromia between federal forces and other armed groups. In 2026 war returned to the north: Tigrayan forces clashed with federal troops from August, the Tigray People's Liberation Front joined an alliance with the Amhara Fano National Movement, the Oromo Liberation Army and other groups in September, and fighting spread into Afar. Federal and allied forces pushed through Tigray, entering Mekelle on 3 October after the TPLF withdrew; on 16 October Addis Ababa replaced the region's interim administration. Ethiopia accuses Eritrea, Sudan and Egypt of backing the alliance, and Eritrea of invading Tigray; each denies it. The Tigray toll rests on estimates with an extremely wide range, because independent access was severely restricted.
Latest, 31 Oct 2026: Fighting broke out on Saturday near Aksum, in Naeder district, between Tigrayan fighters and federal forces with the allied Tigray Peace Forces, the Tigray People's Liberation Front said on Monday. The government has not commented, and the TPLF's account could not be independently verified, Anadolu reported. Source: Anadolu Agency.
Killed: at least 328k–383k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 5,232 individually sourced incidents since 3 Nov 2020: a best estimate of 333,823, 14,569 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,495 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Access restrictions during the Tigray war mean the recorded total carries unusually large uncertainty, which is visible in the very wide gap between the low and high bounds.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 1,204 deaths.
Displaced: 2.7M. People forcibly displaced from Ethiopia at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 2,378,000 displaced inside the country and 312,831 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Ethiopia, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Ethiopian federal government, Tigray People's Liberation Front, Tigray Peace Force, Fano, Oromo Liberation Army, Eritrea.
Active. Africa. Non-international armed conflict. Began 15 Apr 2023.
Fighting broke out in Khartoum on 15 April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, two factions of the same military government, and spread across the country. Of every conflict in this record, Sudan has by far the highest proportion of recorded deaths coded as civilian, and it has produced the world's largest displacement crisis. Famine was confirmed in parts of the country in 2024 and 2025; the latest classification, in May 2026, found no area currently in famine but 14 at risk. In 2026 the army has pushed the RSF back in Kordofan, while the RSF, which took El Fasher in October 2025, controls much of Darfur. In September the army rejected a US proposal for a 90-day truce.
Latest, 2 Nov 2026: Drones struck the New Halfa and Aroma electricity substations in Kassala state and a substation near Merowe in Northern State early on Monday, witnesses said, causing outages. Anadolu counted 16 electricity stations hit by drones across Sudan over the past week. Source: Anadolu Agency.
Killed: at least 45k–125k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 2,256 individually sourced incidents since 15 Apr 2023: a best estimate of 101,222, 76,162 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 4,229 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Independent researchers have estimated total excess deaths, including from starvation and collapsed health care, at a large multiple of the directly recorded toll. Those indirect deaths are not counted here because no incident-level record of them exists.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 851 deaths.
Displaced: 12.9M. People forcibly displaced from Sudan at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 9,139,309 displaced inside the country and 3,761,034 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Sudan, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Sudanese Armed Forces, Rapid Support Forces, SPLM-N (al-Hilu faction).
Ceasefire. Middle East. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began 7 Oct 2023.
Hamas-led attacks on southern Israel on 7 October 2023 killed roughly 1,200 people and took about 250 hostages, and Israel's subsequent military campaign in Gaza has produced one of the highest recorded civilian death tolls of any conflict in this record. Fighting has also extended to the occupied West Bank and, at points, to Lebanon, Yemen and Iran. A ceasefire took effect in October 2025 and its second phase began in January 2026, after which the last hostage's remains were returned, but its core has stalled: Hamas's disarmament and Israel's withdrawal. Israeli forces aim to hold 70 per cent of Gaza, the UN said in October. Deaths continue at a reduced rate, more than 1,500 in Gaza since the ceasefire by the Ministry of Health's count. Gaza's casualty figures are the most publicly contested of any conflict tracked here, so several counts with different bases are shown side by side.
Latest, 2 Nov 2026: The Israeli military withdrew from Hebron on Monday after a 10-day operation that the UN says displaced more than 3,000 people in the city, Reuters reported. Palestinians returned to damaged homes. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had ordered the operation after gunmen killed two Israeli soldiers at a Hebron checkpoint on 23 October. Source: Reuters via Al-Monitor.
Killed: disputed 63k–75k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 8,295 individually sourced incidents since 7 Oct 2023: a best estimate of 64,613, 31,583 of them coded as civilian. UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed, are 63,780 to 65,737 (to 30 Sep 2026). The headline range runs from that low to the Gaza Ministry of Health's 74,609 (Gaza alone, to 2 Nov 2026), the highest count any source here publishes. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 1,174 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. The two figures below count different things and are not reconcilable into one number. UCDP records incidents it can source across Israel, Gaza and the West Bank. The Gaza Ministry of Health count, mirrored by the open Palestine Datasets project, covers Gaza only and includes both combatants and civilians without distinguishing them. Independent academic work has variously assessed the Ministry figures as broadly reliable and as an undercount of total deaths.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 412 deaths.
Parties: Israel, Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad.
Active. Africa. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began 1996.
The eastern provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo host one of the world's most persistent and most fragmented armed conflicts, involving over a hundred armed groups. The M23 offensive from 2021 onward, and its capture of Goma and Bukavu in 2025, marked a significant escalation. A ceasefire between the government and AFC/M23 signed in Doha in July 2025, and accords between the DRC and Rwanda signed in Washington in December 2025, have not stopped the fighting. Roughly two-thirds of recorded deaths are coded as civilian.
Latest, 2 Nov 2026: Fighters of the FRN, who control Kuwamabuye in Fizi territory, repelled an army attack overnight from Sunday to Monday, Kivu Morning Post reported. The army had claimed on Sunday evening to have retaken Natulonge, Kabanja, Bisakara and Kuwamabuye. An FRN spokesman in the Minembwe region denied it. Source: Kivu Morning Post.
Killed: at least 32k–66k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 5,968 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 35,272, 22,671 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 2,605 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 624 deaths.
Displaced: 7.0M. People forcibly displaced from the Democratic Republic of the Congo at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 5,669,479 displaced inside the country and 1,344,910 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Democratic Republic of the Congo, AFC/M23 (Alliance Fleuve Congo / March 23 Movement), Rwanda, Allied Democratic Forces.
Active. Africa. Non-international armed conflict. Began Jan 2012.
Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger face a linked insurgency by groups affiliated with al-Qaeda and the Islamic State, operating across the borders between them. Burkina Faso alone accounts for more recorded deaths than either neighbour, and roughly a third of recorded deaths across the three are coded as civilian. All three states have seen military coups since 2020 and have withdrawn from regional security arrangements. In 2026 the al-Qaeda-affiliated JNIM, allied with the Tuareg-led Azawad Liberation Front, mounted coordinated offensives across Mali, in which the defence minister was killed and the two groups claimed Kidal, and declared a blockade of Bamako, while attacks in Niger intensified. In October the Azawad Liberation Front withdrew from Kidal and the army, backed by Russian fighters, re-entered the city.
Latest, 30 Oct 2026: An Algerian army convoy reached Arlit, a uranium mining town in northwestern Niger, in the first foreign troop deployment by Algeria since 1973, according to 10 people who spoke to Reuters. Algeria has not disclosed the size of the force or the timetable for its arrival. Source: Asharq Al-Awsat (Reuters).
Killed: at least 40k–56k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP across Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger in 6,025 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 43,185, 15,059 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own per-incident low and high bounds, summed. It excludes indirect deaths and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 1,175 deaths.
Displaced: 4.0M. People forcibly displaced from Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 2,936,643 displaced inside those countries and 1,071,646 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Burkina Faso (supported in places by VDP militia units), Mali (supported by Russia's Africa Corps), Niger, Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM), Islamic State Sahel Province, Azawad Liberation Front (FLA).
Active. Asia. Non-international armed conflict. Began 1 Feb 2021.
The military seized power in a coup on 1 February 2021, and the crackdown on the protests that followed turned into a nationwide armed conflict. It is one of the most fragmented conflicts in the record, fought between the military, newly formed resistance forces and ethnic armed organisations that in several cases predate the coup by decades. More than half of recorded deaths are coded as civilian. Elections the military organised from December 2025, which critics and Western governments called a sham, made the coup leader Min Aung Hlaing president in April 2026. The army has since retaken ground in some border areas and opened talks with some ethnic armed organisations, while others, including the Arakan Army, fight on.
Latest, 1 Nov 2026: Myanmar Air Force airstrikes across Arakan State on 1 November killed at least 12 civilians and injured 32, the Arakan Army reported. DVB reported that one strike destroyed a bridge linking Kyauktaw and Ponnagyun townships, killing seven commuters, and four strikes hit a maternity clinic in Mrauk-U, killing five. Source: DVB.
Killed: at least 13k–38k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 6,732 individually sourced incidents since 1 Feb 2021: a best estimate of 14,270, 9,104 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 1,443 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 408 deaths.
Displaced: 5.2M. People forcibly displaced from Myanmar at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,628,840 displaced inside the country and 1,592,202 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Myanmar, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it. Of the refugees abroad, 1,178,003 are in Bangladesh, where the government and UNHCR count 1,204,492 Rohingya refugees (31 August 2026), most of them from a large-scale influx in 2017, before this war began.
Parties: Myanmar armed forces, People's Defence Force and allied resistance groups, Ethnic armed organisations.
Active. Africa. Non-international armed conflict. Began 2006.
The Somali federal government, supported by an African Union mission and by foreign air strikes, continues to fight al-Shabaab, which holds territory across the south and centre of the country. A smaller Islamic State affiliate operates in Puntland. Unusually for the conflicts in this record, the large majority of recorded deaths are coded as combatants rather than civilians. Since March 2026, when parliament extended the federal terms of office and delayed elections, federal forces have also fought opposition and regional forces, in Baidoa and in Mogadishu, and in October they lost towns in Gedo to Jubaland forces and every major town in the Bay region except Baidoa to fighters loyal to the ousted South West State president.
Latest, 1 Nov 2026: Hawadle clan fighters took control of Beledweyne, the capital of Hiran region, over the weekend, including the provincial headquarters and other government offices, Somali Guardian reported, citing Caasimada Online. About 2,000 armed clan fighters are in the town as Hawadle political figures plan an administration separate from Mogadishu. Source: Somali Guardian.
Killed: at least 20k–25k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 2,218 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 21,109, 1,492 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,080 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 667 deaths.
Displaced: 4.5M. People forcibly displaced from Somalia at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,347,408 displaced inside the country and 1,128,308 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Somalia, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Somalia, Al-Shabaab, African Union Support and Stabilization Mission (AUSSOM).
Active. Africa. Non-international armed conflict. Began Jul 2009.
Nigeria carries several separate armed conflicts at once. Boko Haram and its Islamic State-aligned splinter operate in the northeast, organised armed groups conduct mass kidnappings and raids in the northwest, and communal violence over land and pastoral routes runs through the middle belt. The three are frequently conflated in reporting despite having different parties and different drivers.
Latest, 31 Oct 2026: Gunmen killed a soldier and stole two weapons in an attack on Operation Enduring Peace troops at the Sopp checkpoint in Ungwan Boka, Riyom Local Government Area, Plateau State, at about 8 p.m. on Saturday, Premium Times reported. An army spokesperson called it a deliberate and unprovoked attack. Source: Premium Times.
Killed: at least 23k–37k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 4,822 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 27,614, 5,185 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 6,781 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 2,003 deaths.
Displaced: 4.1M. People forcibly displaced from Nigeria at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 3,544,519 displaced inside the country and 534,326 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Nigeria, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Nigeria, Islamic State West Africa Province, Boko Haram (JAS), Armed bands in the north-west.
Active. Middle East. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began Mar 2011.
After the fall of the Assad government in December 2024, Syria's conflict landscape reconfigured rather than ended. The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, which had held much of the northeast, lost most of that territory to a government offensive in January 2026 and have since merged into the national army. Fighting continues between the new authorities and Islamic State remnants, and in the south: armed Druze groups hold Suweida, one of the few areas outside Damascus' control, and Israeli forces occupy positions inside Syria and make near-daily incursions into Quneitra and Daraa. Several other foreign states also conduct operations on Syrian territory.
Latest, 31 Oct 2026: Israeli forces entered the northern Quneitra countryside on Saturday evening, set up a temporary checkpoint on the road between Khan Arnabeh and Ofaniya, and detained four young men returning from picking olives, local sources told North Press. Two were released after about three hours; the whereabouts of the other two were unknown. Source: North Press Agency.
Killed: at least 18k–21k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 5,656 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 19,192, 5,100 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 599 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 176 deaths.
Displaced: 10.6M. People forcibly displaced from Syria at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 5,542,227 displaced inside the country and 5,020,119 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Syria, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Syrian transitional authorities, Syrian Democratic Forces, Islamic State, Israel, Druze armed groups in Suweida.
Active. Middle East. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began Sep 2014.
After a 2022 truce froze the front lines for four years without a settlement, the war resumed in July 2026, when strikes on Sanaa airport ended what the Houthis called a de-escalation phase and they began firing missiles and drones at Saudi Arabia. In September the Houthis seized the port of Mocha and several Red Sea islands, extending their control over the Bab el-Mandeb, and fighting spread to Taiz, in what Reuters called the most serious Saudi-Houthi escalation since the truce. In October the government launched an offensive to retake all Houthi-held territory, backed by Saudi-led air and naval forces. Houthi attacks on Red Sea shipping from late 2023 had already opened a separate strand of hostilities drawing in external powers. The situation is best understood as several overlapping conflicts in one country, which is how the Geneva Academy classifies it.
Latest, 2 Nov 2026: At least 20 civilians were killed and injured in a Houthi missile attack on the Al-Suqya health center in Yemen's southwestern Lahj province, according to state-run Saba satellite channel, which gave no breakdown. The Houthis did not immediately comment, Anadolu reported. Source: Anadolu Agency.
Killed: at least 33k–69k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 3,398 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 42,239, 3,729 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 5,096 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Yemen's indirect death toll from famine and collapsed health services has been estimated by UN agencies at a level comparable to or exceeding the direct toll. No incident-level record of those deaths exists, so they are not represented in this figure.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 4,646 deaths.
Displaced: 4.9M. People forcibly displaced from Yemen at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 4,795,983 displaced inside the country and 83,187 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Yemen, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Yemeni government, Houthi movement (Ansar Allah), Saudi-led coalition.
Active. Americas. Non-international armed conflict. Began 7 Jul 2021.
Following the assassination of the president in July 2021, organised armed groups took control of most of the capital and much of the surrounding region, and large parts of the population face acute food insecurity. In September 2025 the UN Security Council authorised a Gang Suppression Force of up to 5,500 uniformed personnel to succeed the Kenyan-led mission deployed in 2024; its first troops arrived in April 2026, it had over 2,000 personnel from six countries by 19 October, and its mandate now runs to March 2027. In late October El Salvador began sending over 2,000 troops to rescue four Salvadoran members of the force missing since an ambush. In 2026 the Viv Ansanm gang coalition has weakened as its gangs fight each other, and the UN attributes many of the year's dead and injured to security-force operations against gangs, some involving a foreign private military company using explosive drones.
Latest, 31 Oct 2026: Gang members launched a new attack in Bési, in the commune of Arcahaie, at around 2:00 a.m. on 31 October, and police special units including the BOID and CIMO responded, iciHaiti reported. The National Police said they were maintaining their positions in the commune. Source: iciHaiti.
Killed: at least 5,915. A FLOOR FROM A SINGLE YEAR. The UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) documented more than 5,915 people killed in 2025 alone, in gang violence and in security-force operations against gangs. It is the largest single count any source publishes for this conflict, and it is not the conflict's total: BINUH counted 1,642 more killed in January to March 2026 and 1,408 in April to June, the UN Secretary-General reported 1,123 killed from July to early October, and earlier years add thousands more, but the UN publishes no cumulative figure and none is computed here. UCDP's coded incidents, which the timeline and the map draw, run far lower (below), because UCDP counts only the violence its definitions of armed conflict cover, while the UN attributes a large share of Haiti's dead to security-force operations against gangs. Every figure here is a documented floor.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 178 deaths.
Displaced: 1.8M. People forcibly displaced from Haiti at the end of 2025, as UNHCR counts them: 1,430,903 displaced inside the country and 417,020 refugees and asylum-seekers abroad. UNHCR does not record why each person fled, so this counts displacement by every conflict and persecution in Haiti, not only by the fighting this record follows, and anyone who has gone home is no longer in it.
Parties: Haiti, Viv Ansanm, Multinational Security Support mission, Gang Suppression Force.
Active. Middle East. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began 28 Feb 2026.
United States and Israeli forces began striking Iran on 28 February 2026, opening a regional war. The first strikes killed Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, succeeded by his son Mojtaba. Iran answered with missiles and drones across the region, over 40 per cent of them at the United Arab Emirates, and with attacks on shipping that closed the Strait of Hormuz to normal traffic; by late October shipments through it were back to about 80 per cent of pre-war levels, while a US blockade had cut Iran's own oil exports to a small fraction. Up to 3.2 million people temporarily left their homes inside Iran in March, UNHCR estimated; most have returned. An April ceasefire and a June memorandum of understanding both broke down. Since early September the fighting has been at sea, and no agreement ends the war. It is NOT the twelve-day Iran-Israel war of June 2025.
Latest, 2 Nov 2026: Iran said it continues to exchange messages with the US through mediators. Foreign Ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei said Deputy Foreign Minister Kazem Gharibabadi visited Doha for the exchange, and that a revised seven-stage proposal could be implemented within two days, but the Strait of Hormuz could not be reopened unless Washington ended its naval blockade. Source: Anadolu Agency.
Killed in Iran: disputed 3,468–7,650. KILLED IN IRAN IN THE WAR'S FIRST FORTY DAYS, AND A FLOOR FOR THE WAR. No body anywhere publishes a verified death toll for this war. The range spans the published counts of deaths in Iran from 28 February to the 8 April ceasefire, which disagree by more than two to one: 3,468 from the Iranian authorities (a state foundation's count, as the ISNA agency reported it), at least 3,636 from the independent monitor HRANA and at least 7,650 from the independent monitor Hengaw. Most of the gap is military deaths, which differ by more than fivefold between the two monitors, and this record does not choose between them. The range leaves out every death outside Iran and every death in the fighting that resumed from late June, so the toll across all parties and the whole war is unknown and higher. The published counts below CANNOT be summed: they cover different parties, different windows and different definitions, and several windows do not touch. The health ministry, for example, gave at least 60 for the month to 27 July and 18 for 30 August to 2 September, with no cumulative total. Aggregate all-party ranges circulating online (for instance 8,975 to 18,309) are traceable to no named body and are not reproduced here. What follows is every published count, kept apart on purpose.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 98 deaths.
Parties: Iran, United States, Israel, France, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Hezbollah, Houthi movement (Ansar Allah), Popular Mobilization Forces.
Concluded. Middle East. International armed conflict. Began 13 Jun 2025, ended 24 Jun 2025.
Israel opened a mass air campaign against Iran's nuclear, missile and military infrastructure on 13 June 2025, killing senior commanders and nuclear scientists. Iran answered with sustained ballistic-missile and drone barrages against Israel. On 21-22 June the United States struck the Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan nuclear sites, and Iran fired a pre-announced salvo at the US Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar that caused no casualties. A US-brokered ceasefire, co-mediated by Qatar, took effect on 24 June. How much damage the strikes did to Iran's nuclear programme remains disputed between the parties and among assessing agencies. The ceasefire was overtaken on 28 February 2026, when US and Israeli strikes on Iran opened a separate and far larger war with its own record; this record is historical.
Killed: disputed 1,090–1,218. Deaths on all sides across the twelve days and the immediate aftermath. The range spans the Iranian government's final official count plus the Israeli toll at the low end (1,062 + 28), and the highest independent documented Iranian count plus the Israeli toll at the high end (1,190 + 28). Iran's own count rose over successive releases, from 610 at the ceasefire to 1,062; the earlier figures are superseded, not a lower estimate. Hengaw's independent count of 1,082 for Iran sits inside the range. The Israeli figure of 28 is consistent across sources; the Iranian figure is contested between Iran's own releases and independent monitors.
Parties: Iran, Israel, United States. Also named, not belligerents: Qatar, International Atomic Energy Agency.
Ceasefire. Middle East. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began 8 Oct 2023.
Hezbollah began firing on Israeli positions on 8 October 2023, the day after the Hamas-led attacks on Israel. The exchanges escalated in September 2024 into an Israeli air campaign across Lebanon and a ground offensive, halted by a ceasefire brokered by the United States and France in November 2024. The war resumed when Hezbollah attacked Israel on 2 March 2026, in the regional war with Iran: Israel answered with an air and ground campaign and declared a security zone in the south, which its troops still occupy. A US-brokered truce from April 2026, reaffirmed in June, nominally holds, and a framework signed by the United States, Israel and Lebanon in June is meant to end the conflict once non-state armed groups disarm. Hezbollah rejects it, talks have stalled over what comes first, and Israeli strikes continue. About 330,000 people remain displaced.
Latest, 2 Nov 2026: The state news agency NNA said Israeli artillery fired more than 10 shells around a spring in Ibl al-Saqi in Marjayoun district and also hit the towns of Mansouri and Majdal Zoun in Tyre district. Israeli forces opened machine-gun fire toward nearby valleys and carried out an explosion in Bani Hayyan, Anadolu reported. Source: Anadolu Agency.
Killed: at least 9,053–9,984. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 1,928 individually sourced incidents since 8 Oct 2023: a best estimate of 9,406, 1,567 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 4,593 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. Lebanon's health ministry counts everyone killed in Israeli attacks from the same day, without separating fighters from civilians, and its count sits close to UCDP's; UCDP's also includes deaths in Israel from Hezbollah fire.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 573 deaths.
Displaced: 329k. People displaced inside Lebanon and not yet home, tracked by IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix; another 877,203 had begun returning. It does not count people who fled abroad.
Parties: Israel, Hezbollah, Lebanon.
Active. Asia. Multiple concurrent classifications. Began 2007.
Pakistan is fighting several insurgencies at once: the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan and allied groups, mainly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; Baloch separatist groups in Balochistan; and the Islamic State Khorasan Province. The two provinces accounted for more than 96 per cent of 2025's deaths by one count. Recorded deaths have risen every year since 2020 in UCDP's coding, and 2025 was the deadliest year in a decade by the count of the Centre for Research and Security Studies, at 3,417 dead including militants. Since October 2025 Pakistan has also fought Afghanistan's Taliban government, which it accuses of sheltering the TTP and which denies it: border fighting, a ceasefire mediated by Qatar and Turkey that did not hold, a declaration of open war in February 2026, and Pakistani airstrikes inside Afghanistan that resumed in September 2026 after three months of relative calm.
Latest, 1 Nov 2026: Security forces struck several Afghan border posts, mortar positions and installations on 1 November after what the deputy commissioner of South Waziristan Lower called unprovoked firing from across the border on Pakistani positions in Angoor Adda. He said no casualties had been reported on the Pakistani side. Source: The Express Tribune.
Killed: at least 10k–16k. Direct deaths from organised violence recorded by UCDP in 3,917 individually sourced incidents since 1 Jan 2020: a best estimate of 11,833, 1,361 of them coded as civilian. The range is UCDP's own low and high bounds per incident, summed. UCDP's count excludes indirect deaths from disease, starvation and collapsed health care, and any violence that never reached a sourceable report, so it is a documented floor rather than a total. Roughly 3,753 of these deaths come from UCDP's provisional candidate releases and may be revised. For 2025, UCDP's coding (3,331 deaths) sits among the counts of Pakistan's own conflict monitors below, each of which includes militants killed in security operations. Deaths inside Afghanistan from Pakistan's strikes fall outside this record, which counts violence in Pakistan; UNAMA counts civilians killed there.
Recorded from Jul to Sep 2026, the latest months UCDP has coded: 1,868 deaths.
Displaced: 269k. People internally displaced by conflict and violence at the end of 2025, including a protracted caseload from the 2002-2014 fighting in the former tribal areas. Conflict caused another 251,000 displacements during 2025, the most in more than a decade, among them 152,000 before a military operation in Bajaur. IDMC holds medium confidence in these figures and considers them an underestimate.
Parties: Pakistan, Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Baloch armed groups, Islamic State Khorasan Province, Afghanistan.
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